New Publications are available for Multimedia communications
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New Publications are available now online for this publication.
Please follow the links to view the publication.Design and demonstration of a very high data rate multimedia HF communication system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0380
This paper presents and demonstrates a system for very high data rate (about 80 kbps) multimedia transmissions over HF channels. Optimizations are proposed at various levels of the OSI/ISO protocol stack, to enable efficient use of standard multimedia and data IPv6 applications in HF, in a way that is completely transparent for the end user. A demonstration test-bed was built, in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed system, through various scenarios derived from military requirements and operational needs. Experimental results obtained during laboratory tests and on-air demonstrations campaigns are reported in the final part of the present paper. (5 pages)Integrating MIMO technology into the WiMEdia UWB framework for WPANs
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0606
In order to address the ever increasing demand for capacity in Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPAN); the framework associated with the WiMedia Ultra Wide Band (UWB) standard has been implemented in many WPAN systems. To increase capacity, Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology is a well-established antennae technology that can not only increase system capacity, but can also extend the link coverage area for wireless communication systems. In this paper, a review of existing research in the implementation of MIMO into the UWB domain is presented, and a model is proposed for its implementation. Initial simulations in terms of performance analysis of bit error rates and throughput are then presented, and show the significant improvements the proposed model can provide. (5 pages)WiSE-MNet: an experimental environment for wireless multimedia sensor networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2011.0171
We propose a simulation environment for networks for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs), i.e. net- works with sensors capturing complex vectorial data, such as for example video and audio. The proposed simulation environment allows us to model the communication layers, the sensing and distributed applications of a WMSN. This Wireless Simulation Environment for Multimedia Networks (WiSE-MNet) is based on Castalia/Omnet++ and is available as open source to the research community [1]. The environment is designed to be flexible and extensible, and has a simple camera model that enables the simulation of distributed computer-vision algorithms at a high level of abstraction. We demonstrate the effectiveness of WiSE-MNet with a distributed tracking application. (5 pages)Topology scalability and routing in homogeneous and heterogeneous access networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2011.0061
The growth in the different technologies has made us to think of integrating them, for more flexibility, efficiency, user convenient usage and still more to list. Technologies are evolving towards broadband information access across multiple networking platforms in order to provide continuous connection of multimedia services and applications. In such technologies the heterogeneous networks access (4G wireless communication) is one of them. In heterogeneous networks the radio resource management plays an important role to utilize the resource. The homogeneous and heterogeneous network has their own issues to resolve to adopt the different needs of the people. In our scheme we considered the both of them and tried resolve the resource allocation and power management issues. The scheme provides resource allocation for dynamic cellular network and keeping the LAN network static. The dynamism is considered with respect to incoming and outgoing nodes in the cellular network. The power level comparison of the nodes in the cellular networks is done to allocate the resource and accept the call.A novel discrete cosine transform algorithm for optimized hardware implementation in audio decoding
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1066
This paper presents a novel algorithm of discrete cosine transform (DCT) for digital theatre system (DTS) and windows media audio (WMA) decoding based on the type IV discrete cosine transform (DCT-IV). By virtue of the format conversion, the DTS and WMA decoding shares the same DCT-IV kernel, thus increasing the efficiency. The computation of DCT-IV is based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) and the coefficients are calculated in recursive algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with other reported algorithms. Both the efficiency of multiplication computation and the simplicity of hardware implementation are largely improved. (4 pages)Design of rest APIS for the exposure of IMS capabilities towards Web services
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0724
The convergence of Web Services and IMS-based telecommunication capabilities has become the trend of international communication industry; the product of this integration is called WIMS (Web IMS). All the IMS capabilities have been packaged into Web APIs through WIMS; using these APIs, Web application developers don't have to be familiar with any complicated signaling or protocols on telecommunication level to develop an application, which can improve efficiency greatly. However, a failing design of APIs will be confusing, dysfunctional and difficult to use; this paper proposes that IMS capabilities should be exposed towards Web Services through open Web APIs following a RESTful (Representational State Transfer) approach.Simulation study of buffering mechanism in P2P live streaming system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1003
In pull-based peer-to-peer (P2P) live streaming systems, peers contribute a fixed amount of memory space to buffer the multimedia content downloaded from their neighbor peers; at the same time, the peers periodically notify neighbor peers of buffered content by exchanging buffer maps. However, the relationship between buffer size (BS) and buffer map exchange period (BMEP) is still not clearly revealed. Towards this issue, we develop a simulator to evaluate the impact of BS and BMEP on system performance, such as startup delay and playback fluency. It is observed that the system performance can be improved by increasing BS only when BS is in certain range; however, shortening the BMEP can continuously improve the system performance. Further, we compare the system performance of PPLive and PPStream in the flash crowd scenario by this simulator. Though these two systems have different BS and BMEP, the playback continuity of these two systems is almost the same but the startup delay of PPStream is much smaller than that of PPLive. Shortening BMEP is effective to improve system performance but causes much additional signaling overhead. Towards this issue, we introduce Run-Length Encoding to compress the buffer map and the compression ratio can be as high as 11:1. What we have done is benefit to not only the optimization but also the modeling of P2P live streaming protocols.A novel QoE assessment method for wireless networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1482
Multimedia services are most attractive services for users in wireless networks. And the QoE (Quality of Experience) is fairly significance for both operators and users. However, currently the QoE metrics and related data collected from mobile devices haven't been ascertained, and the QoE assessment system is one-sided. Besides, architecture to measure such QoE metrics is deficient. To improve it, we presented a novel QoE assessment method: firstly, we extract a few original data from the mobile devices, and propose several QoE metrics sets correspondingly; secondly, we establish an integrated assessment method to assess the service quality, which explores the correlations among different QoE metrics sets; thirdly, we propose a measurement architecture to measure the defined QoE metrics based on mobile devices. At last, we validate the assessment method in UMTS with VoD service. Suggestions are given for operators to tackle with different network conditions in order to obtain a better service quality.Complexity analysis of algorithm/architecture co-design for H.264 deblocking filter in MPSoC design
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0843
Due to the high computational and power consumption demands of modern embedded visual media processing, MPSoC architectures often contain multiple heterogeneous processing elements, which introduced numerous problems involving the mapping of algorithm functionality and possible refinements of each processing element. To cope with these challenges, algorithm and architecture co-design (AAC) is significant for characterizing the algorithmic complexity used to optimize targeted architecture. This paper proposes the efforts towards a systematic complexity analysis for AAC by timed mode of computing (MoC)-based analysis. Through such seamless approach, complexity measures intrinsic to the algorithm, such as degree of parallelism and pipeline depth, can be fully exploited. Furthermore, the resulting explicit architecture/algorithm friendliness will greatly help the mapping of algorithm to differential processing elements. As an example, an ideal architecture prototype of deblocking filter for H.264 was proposed, which can achieve 144 cycles/macroblock throughput, and also several deblocking filter designs in the literature have been compared and illustrated to demonstrate the benefits of analysis and exploitation of complexity measures with our approach in the early system-level design.The four-way real-time audio and video transmission system design and implementation by satellite-based communication channel
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1025
In order to achieve four-way real-time audio and video transmission in low bandwidth satellite communication channel between the center station and the remote PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) terminals, we propose a real-time audio and video transmission design and implementation to really ensure the full use of the satellite-based communication channel and the transmission quality of audio and video, at the same time, reduces the transmission delay. By simulation experiments, some satisfactory results in transmitting have been achieved.Location based services with personal area network for community and tourism applications
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0924
The Infopoint Explorer is an outdoor wireless personal area network for location-based services that allows users to access locality information interactively using mobile computing devices such as PDAs and smartphones. The Infopoint explorer was used to study the limitations imposed by inexpensive and popular wireless technologies such as Bluetooth for outdoor location-based services. The Infopoint Explorer functioned as a multimedia guidebook that allowed access to location-specific information using wireless Infopoints. The Infopoints detect and attempt to transfer multimedia content to nearby mobile computing devices using Bluetooth connectivity. An adaptive Bluetooth Inquiry Access Code algorithm was developed to reduce the time taken for the Infopoint to detect nearby devices. The Infopoint was deployed for a four-month trial.Trends of multimedia streaming development in cognitive mobile Internet
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1416
The convergence of heterogeneous wireless networks and cooperation of mobile nodes with perception, learning and cognitive ability are important characteristics of next generation Cognitive Mobile Internet (CMI). The content-rich multimedia streaming will be the most attractive services in the future wireless network. In this paper, we discussed the challenges and issues as well as future trends on multimedia streaming development in CMI. The focuses include: (i)Cognitive users' needs and behaviors modeling for intelligent video streaming business analysis; (ü)Cross-layer optimized mobile peer-to-peer network for large-scale video resources sharing; (iii) Cognitive transport layer protocol with ability of spectrum and routing perception, real-time multimedia transmission control, and concurrent multipath transfer for multi-spectral channels; (iv)Cognitive routing protocol for adapting to dynamic CMI topology, routing and resource changes. The proposed research structure aims to improve overall system performance and achieve high users' Experience of Quality for multimedia streaming service in future mobile internet.Bandwidth allocation algorithms in the short video sharing system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1010
A great number of short video sharing websites such as YouTube and Tudou are established for users to create, share, and distribute contents. It has enabled the development of video accelerator for increasing the downloading speed from those websites and achieving better user experience. The number of videos and peers in the short video sharing system is by orders of magnitude many times larger than which in traditional P2P VoD system. As a result, even though the resource is sufficient, due to unfairness assignment, the quality of service can hardly satisfy all users. In this paper, we concentrate on the assignment of user's upload bandwidth which is one of the fundamental resource in the short video sharing system. We formulate the problem of optimal bandwidth allocation considering the fairness between videos. The heuristic algorithms of allocating upload bandwidth in centralized or distributed fashion are proposed and evaluated against a widely used strategy (equal allocation) with respect to the balance among videos. Simulation results demonstrate that both algorithms can lead to significant performance improvement.Research of on-board optical/electric switching of broadband multimedia satellite
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0950
On-board switching has been the development trend of satellite communication. There is electronic bottleneck in the development of on-board ATM switch, so the optical switch is the inevitable direction of future broadband multimedia satellite. The paper brings forward a scheme about on-board mixed optical/electronic switching of GEO, analyses the switching mode of the scheme, discusses the key techniques.A record-based retransmission policy on SCTP's concurrent multipath transfer
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1429
Concurrent Multipath Transfer (CMT) uses the SCTP's multi-homing feature to distribute data across multiple end-to-end paths in a multi-homed SCTP association in order to achieving a more benefit cumulative throughput. Using CMT to transfer content-rich streaming media in the Ad hoc network will result in loss rate occurred and changed frequently on paths, and then the loss data need be retransmitted via a certain retransmission strategy. There are five retransmission strategies addressed for destination selecting in CMT. But in the current five retransmission strategies, paths' previous statuses are omitted during selecting destination for retransmission. In fact, paths' historical status can play an import role for paths selecting. In this paper, an improved scheme named RTX_LR is proposed based on paths' historical timeout records. And the average throughput is used as measure metric as well. A demonstrate using simulation is provided showing how receiver buffer (rbuf) blocking is reduced, and average throughput of a rbuf- constrained CMT association could benefit from proposed scheme.How network coding helps eMBMS
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0721
Enhanced Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (eMBMS) is a new function defined in 3GPP Release 8 specification, which supports download delivery and streaming delivery to group users in LTE mobile networks. Recently, network coding schemes have been proposed for wireless multicast. In this paper, we study how network coding can be used in practical eMBMS system. After analyzing the system architecture and function, we find that NC based FEC scheme implemented at eBMSC is the best way to exploit NC gain. However existing NC based FEC schemes are not suitable for eMBMS system because they don't consider the redundancy generated at the source node and the packet loss rate in wireless channel. In this paper, we propose an adaptive degree selection scheme to improve the LT performance in terms of the error recovery rate and decoding delay. Experimental results confirm significant performance improvement.An improved spectral subtraction method in compressed domain
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0895
For audio noise reduction, the current research is mainly focused on the non compressed domain. As for the MP3 (MPEGl-layer3) compressed audio, the common noise reduction method is first fully decoding and then for the decoding audio carrying out noise reduction. This method costs a lot of time for decoding and it inevitably reduces the processing efficiency for compressed audio. In this paper, we present an improved spectral subtraction method based on MDCT-entropy activity detection method for noise estimation in compressed domain. The proposed algorithm works directly on MP3 frames. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can remove noise directly from noisy MP3 audio and its process efficiency is higher than common method. And the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the compressed audio is improved obviously.Cooperative multicast transmission scheduling with adaptive modulation and coding
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0437
Mechanism for one-to-many transmission over wireless channel to transfer information to multiple users simultaneously and support multimedia services is multicast communications. Hence designing of efficient multicast transmission scheduling is important. In this paper, multicast transmission scheduling scheme with Adaptive Modulation and Coding is proposed based on two-phase cooperative transmission model for achieving efficient and reliable multi cast scheduling in IEEE 802.16 networks. The proposed scheme achieve high throughput and maintain good fairness performance by exploiting the spatial multicast gain and considering the normalized relative channel conditions. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of service probability, power consumption, bit error rate and throughput of multicast groups, each group member and whole network by developing an analytical model. Simulations are performed to verify the analysis and explain the efficiency of the proposed multicast scheduling scheme.Standard Codecs: Image compression to advanced video coding
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/books/te/pbte054e
<p xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">A substantially updated edition of <i>Video Coding: An introduction to standard codecs</i> (IEE 1999, winner of IEE Rayleigh Award as the best book of 2000), this book discusses the growth of digital television technology, from image compression to advanced video coding. This third edition also includes the latest developments on H.264/MPEG-4 video coding and the scalability defined for this codec, which were not available at the time of the previous edition (IEE 2003). The book highlights the need for standardisation in processing static and moving images and extensively exploits the ITU and ISO/IEC standards defined in this field. The book gives an authoritative explanation of pictures and video coding algorithms, working from basic principles through to the advanced video compression systems now being developed. It discusses the reasons behind the introduction of a standard codec for a specific application and its chosen parameters. Each chapter is devoted to a standard video codec, and chapters are introduced in an evolutionary manner complementing the earlier chapters. This book will enable readers to appreciate the fundamentals needed to design a video codec for any given application and should prove a valuable resource for managers, engineers and researchers working in this field.</p>M-PSK MB-OFDM ultra wideband communication system performance for 4G high-rate IEEE 802.15.3a wireless personal area networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2010.0217
The emerging Ultra Wideband (UWB) communication system is highly suitable for wireless multimedia connectivity in home and SOHO (Small Office Home Office) scenarios. As such, UWB is an example of enabling technology for Fourth Generation (4G) communication systems designed to replace Bluetooth communications. Indeed, UWB radio will revolutionise Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) allowing the wireless transmissions of high data rates (hundreds of Mbps) over short distances (0-10 m). This paper deals with the design and performance of M-ary PSK based Multiband Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MB-OFDM) UWB communication system over realistic multipath-fading modified Saleh-Valenzuela (S-V) channel environments as specified by the IEEE 802.15.3a Task Group. A system level analysis is addressed to improve the throughput and transmission range as a function of coded BER, link PER, received SNR and distance through extensive Monte Carlo simulations. (6 pages)Research of MMS sending successful rate calculation algorithm
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0794
Based on analysis of MMS sending process and quality indicators, this topic proposes segment calculation algorithm for MMS sending successful rate, which is composed with In-net Terminal to Terminal Successful Rate, Out-net Terminal to Terminal Successful Rate and SP Delivery Successful Rate. And it verifies the calculation algorithm by comparison with traditional one based on practical data. Finally this topic illustrates the applicability and advantages of the segment calculation algorithm.SU-PeerCast: A P2P live streaming system with super-node based on peercast
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0713
The amount of client a live streaming system can serve by unicast is limited by the bandwidth requirement. Theoretically, IP-multicast is an efficient solution for that situation, but it suffers from poor deployment. Therefore, another solution, called Application Layer Multicast (ALM), is being increasingly recognized as a available alternative. However, this solution also has certain shortcomings. In this paper, we firstly introduce a live streaming system-PeerCast based on application layer multicast, and besides that we indicate its existing problems under practical deployment in the large-scale network. Secondly, in order to improve the PeerCast system performance, we append a Super-Node layer, which can divide the live system into different domains, and re-design the play process and heartbeat detection mechanism for our new live system. Finally, the re-designed system performance evaluation is presented.Architecture of IMS over WiMAX PCC and the QoS mechanism
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0642
This paper discusses the IMS over WiMAX PCC framework and analyzes the end-to-end QoS mechanism based on the concept of bearer and integration, especially, feasible QoS provisioning signaling and a cross-layer QoS mapping strategy are proposed.Cross-layer FEC for reliable transfer of variable-length coded data in WMSN
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.1083
This paper propose a cross-layer forward error control (FEC) scheme, which is designed for reliable block transfer of variable-length coded data in wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs). Taking advantage of iterative techniques, and combining the PHY layer, transport layer and the application layer FEC techniques, the proposed cross-layer FEC scheme not only provides strong bit-error correction capability, but also is capable of overcoming packet losses in the multi-hop transfer. Requiring low computational complexity, this FEC scheme is suitable to be applied to the multimedia bulk data transfer in WMSNs. Simulation results show that the proposed cross-layer FEC scheme provides significant improvement on multi-hop transfer reliability of variable-length coded data.A load-balanced and energy-aware routing metric for wireless multimedia sensor networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0608
As a novel information acquiring and processing technology, wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) pose new challenges on the routing protocol. IEEE 802.11s-based WMSN that integrate with MAC-layer mesh networking protocol is an innovative implementation for WMSN which can offer high coverage, self-organization and good reliability. In this paper, we present a new routing metric based on airtime proposed in IEEE 802.11s draft standard, referred to as load balanced airtime with energy awareness (LBA-EA), for IEEE 802.11s-based WMSNs. LBA-EA not only captures the link quality, but also takes into account the load balancing and energy consumption. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed routing metric in terms of average network throughput and overall lifetime of WMSNs.Scalable link lifetime estimating mechanisms in mobile ad hoc network
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0606
In order to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) of multimedia applications in Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET), the stable end to end path should be established effectively. An effective link lifetime estimation mechanism is introduced, which can also be used to select the better path in the route discovery process. Simulations show that with the estimating interval selected reasonably, our mechanisms can provide accuracy estimating results for link lifetime.Assuring the success of the London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2009.0201
Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic games; BT Communications Services; London competition venues; multimedia; venue mindset; communications challenge; Londan 2012 architectural overview; and on-the-dot delivery. (6 pages)On the statistical modeling of MIMO land mobile satellite channels: a consolidated approach
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1193
This paper addresses statistical modeling of MIMO LMS channels for satellite digital multimedia broadcasting (SDMB) applications. Dual polarization diversity is particularly considered. In the absence of accurate experimental MIMO LMS channel models in the literature, emphasis is put on the sound consolidation of available channel models for relevant single-input single-output (SISO) LMS and MIMO terrestrial wireless communications as well as on their novel extrapolation to the MIMO LMS case of interest. An accurate statistical model for L/S-band correlated dual circularly polarized 2×2 MIMO LMS channels is derived, which is fully-parameterized and can be further fine-tuned based on new available experimental results. Useful numerical results on the MIMO LMS channel capacity statistics are also presented illustrating the effect of several critical channel modeling parameters. (5 pages)Unified link layer security design for IP encapsulation using unidirectional lightweight encapsulation over satellites
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1153
There is growing interest in providing multimedia and broadband access over satellites. However there are several technical challenges need to be addressed. One challenge is security in terms of understanding threats and providing an effective security system. Also this paper presents a ULE security solution using ULE mandatory extension headers. The design issues and choices are discussed. The detailed security header format is described together with processing sequence in both transmitter and receiver sides. (8 pages)Regenerative satellite mesh system for realtime multi-party multimedia traffic
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1154
Regenerative satellites with on-board packet processing can provide full-mesh, single-hop connectivity between two or among many terminals without requiring a terrestrial Hub for traffic routing and control. By implementing resource allocation and packet replication in the payload, these satellites can extend the single-hop benefits to a multi-site, real-time collaborative environment. This paper summarizes the key features of the ETSI and TIA Regenerative Satellite Mesh A (RSM-A) standards and enumerates the capabilities of a pioneering implementation, the Hughes SPACEWAY® 3 satellite system, which was launched into commercial service over North America in April 2008. Capabilities such as spot beam forming, dynamic satellite communication hardware to beam mapping, and adaptive resource control enable a responsive transport system for inelastic packet streams associated with high data-rate video and audio traffic for real-time interactions. It also describes an IP multicasting architecture over RSM-A, aligned with H.323 and SIP standards, for managing real-time, point-to-point and multiparty video conferencing applications. (9 pages)Block-type pilot channel estimation for OFDM systems under frequency selective fading channels
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1880
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is one key technology in wireless multimedia communication. In this paper, the performance of channel estimation methods for OFDM systems based on block-type under frequency selective fading channels is discussed. Analysis of a 3G carrier model with 1 MHz bandwidth under frequency selective fading channels is made. The pilot signal estimation based on LS, MMSE, LMMSE (a simplified MMSE algorithm with low-rank approximation using singular value decomposition) criteria, and channel interpolation based on the simple linear interpolation method. Simulation indicates its good anti-multi-path performance and anti-doppler frequency shift ability.Convergence of aeronautical communications on a single DVB-S2/RCS link
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1223
A satellite system is presented dedicated to aeronautical applications: Air Traffic Services (ATS) and In-Flight Entertainment (IFE) services. The air interfaces rely on DVB- S2/RCS standard and use Ka-band frequencies. The main challenge is to achieve an efficient convergence of heterogeneous traffics while ensuring differentiated Quality of Service (QoS). The study is focused on the return link (from aircraft to terrestrial network). Two designs have been investigated for the aircraft terminal. The first one is derived from ETSI BSM (Broadband Satellite Multimedia) architecture based on a layering paradigm. A cross-layer technique is introduced in order to control load for IP traffic for IFE. The second proposed design uses Generic Stream Encapsulation (GSE). GSE meets DVB-S2 forward link requirements; its applicability to the return link is addressed in the paper. GSE design outperforms the first one leading to better resource utilization and satisfactory performances. (7 pages)Broadband satellite multimedia (BSM) interworking with performance enhancing proxies
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1151
Satellites had been successful in the past due to their wide area coverage and speedy deployment of new services especially in remote regions of Europe and the rest of the world. The future development of broadband satellite systems providing services based on the Internet Protocol (IP) needs to be stimulated by means of common standards. This paper presents the ETSI BSM PEP architecture which includes the satellite terminal and gateway protocol stacks and security configurations for successful PEP implementations. (5 pages)Promises of wireless communication networking
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.2069
Abstract form only given. In the early part of the 1990s, the voice -oriented wireless communication digital mobile technology, also known as the second generation 2G, celebrated its historical success in the telecommunications market and captured the world's imagination from the Internet, gaining over 1000,000 users in 1993. This success soon challenged capabilities and support of internet services and forced the mobile industry to take up a more ambitious plan for supporting the broadband to enable the multimedia communication services under 3GPP. However, growing pressure from the Internet users forced the partnership to rapidly enhance the 2G system to accommodate better data capabilities rather sooner than later with an interim solution, often called 2.5G. At the turn of new millennium wireless technology brought further surprises to the industry, an alternative and equally exciting root from data wireless networking harvested the success of the Ethernet into wireless homes and offices. This unique breakthrough in the market gave 'wireless data networking' a new momentum to aim at capturing a whole new data featured infrastructure riding over the successful 802 style standards. The new capabilities should enable new potential applications and services upon relay based communications, interconnecting a variety of technologies ranged from UWB to WiMAX for broadband access to very small wireless enabled devices over very large areas. This continuous progress and immense development in the key components of wireless technology ignited a further technological race between the voice oriented and data oriented approaches under the NGN and LTE strategic moves to capture the researchers' attention to further the developments and leaving behind all new possibilities for advanced industrial communities to pace useful steps towards new application paradigms and promote a better quality life style. With the rapid growth of potential ad hoc style wireless applications such as medical, geological, industrial and emergency sensor networks we are revolutionizing the usefulness of the wireless and opening a new window of opportunities for the researchers using new tools for ubiquitous access, unstructured networking and resource optimization.Contention window based QoS DCC-MAC for wireless multimedia sensor networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1925
Large numbers of wireless nodes are deployed and embedded in our everyday life with the popular of the WSN. However, the emerging new applications like video surveillance, telemedicine and traffic monitoring need transmission of wireless multimedia over sensor networks. Recently quality of service (QoS) for wireless multimedia sensor networks has received significant attention. So QoS MAC protocol which offering application-specific QoS is called for. DCC-MAC (Dynamic Channel Coding MAC) is a joint architecture of PHY and MAC. It allows concurrent transmissions of different pairs of source and destination with interference mitigation scheme. In this paper, we proposed a QoS MAC based on DCC-MAC for WMSN. Simulation results show that it achieves high throughput and provides lower delay for higher priority class traffic. So this MAC protocol is very suitable for wireless multimedia sensor networks.OMEGA - a converged ultra-broadband home network
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2008.0684
Future Internet services running over new high-speed optical access networks and the rapidly growing number of devices exchanging media content in the home require ultrahigh rate, reliable home area networks. Such home area networks play a key role in realising upcoming and novel broadband Internet and multimedia services. Extending access into the home and to individual devices is the only way to ensure the success of these new business opportunities. The OMEGA project set a global standard for ultra-broadband home area networks with gigabit throughput via heterogeneous communication technologies, including powerline and wireless communication. Due to the trade-off between data rate and coverage range inherent to wireless systems, only a mixture of different wireless technologies trimmed to the different classes of applications can fulfil all the requirements to the desired extent. The presentation gives an overview on the considered radio technologies and their integration into a converged heterogeneous radio network, which meets the customer's demands with respect to quality of service, reliability, throughput, ubiquity, and self-configuration. Furthermore, the key concepts realising the challenging project goals was explained. This includes the description of the envisioned mechanisms at PHY and MAC layer as well as cross-layer and transceiver implementation approaches to achieve coexistence on system and hardware level. (22 pages)Error resilient coding of H.264 using intact long-term reference frames
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080284
Transmission of compressed video over packet lossy networks is a challenge task due to the well-known error propagation problem, which may substantially degrade the transmitted video quality. In this paper, we propose an error-resilient coding scheme for the newest coding standard H.264 by using intact long-term reference frames. Specifically, two reference frames are available for inter-coding, one is the immediate past frame marked as short-term reference frame, and the other is an older and error-free one marked as long-term reference frame. To mitigate error propagation, a number of macroblocks (MBs) in each inter-frame are selected to be predicted from the long-term reference frame. Compared to the widely used MB intra-refresh, the proposed scheme is equally robust but more coding efficient. Numerical simulation results verify the validity of our scheme.Optimal PET protection for scalably compressed video with multiple retransmissions
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080419
This paper investigates the problem of optimal PET (priority encoding transmission) protection for scalably compressed streams, for applications where the delivery time constraints allow for the possibility of multiple retransmissions. To determine the optimal redundancy indices to use in each transmission opportunity, hypotheses concerning the possible future retransmissions are considered. The key contribution of this paper is the development of a method to derive an effective recover-probability versus redundancy characteristic for any number of transmissions. This greatly simplifies the protection assignment, compared to previous approaches. The paper also demonstrates the advantage of the proposed protection assignment strategy for multiple retransmissions, especially for long memory bursty channels.A merger weight-based synchronization algorithm for WiMedia MAC
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080962
WiMeida MAC, coupled with physical layer based on UWB technology, is now widely applied in high data rate wireless personal area networks (WPANs). Because the transmission with the UWB technology is restricted to a short range, multiple piconets may exist in a network at the same time. We investigate problems related to beacon collisions and data communication disruptions when piconets interfere into each other due to changes in propagation environment, moving devices, or other effects. For the purpose of resolving this problem and minimizing the cost, we propose a merger weight-based synchronization algorithm. The performance of the algorithm is simulated and compared with coordinated merger of BPs scheme provided in WiMedia MAC, and results show that there is room for further improvement over the current synchronization algorithm in WiMedia MAC.The development of emergency rescue mobile communication network based on ad hoc technology
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080934
Communication signal coverage and stability can hardly be assured in part of central and western China, where natural disasters happen frequently. Affected by these disasters, communication base station and optical-fibre circuit are easily ruined during disasters. It is necessary to build a set of emergency communication network, which can organize by itself and run without reliance of established fixed base station, in order to release accident information and implement rescue. The network can provide steady and continuous transmitting communication services, and is applied for emergency appeal and accident information release. This system integrates hardware and software, known as "Mobile Ad hoc Network Node for Traffic Accident Rescue and Relief, abbreviated to MAN2TAR2. Experimental results indicate that MAN2TAR2 system has the following functions: topology change, join in network automatically, continuing transmission, multi-hop routing. This system adopts the IEEE 802.11 protocol, which can provide dozens of mega transmission bandwidth for top application. The multimedia information of image, voice and video can also be transmitted after high compression.The research on interface sensibility of vulnerabilities in IP multimedia subsystem
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080809
NGN introduces the revolutionized concept of fix-mobile convergence (FMC). NGN provides the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) platform to converge the wire and wireless network. Due to the large scale and the openness of IMS, it is supposed to confront severe vulnerabilities. This paper mainly focuses on the interface sensibility of vulnerabilities in IMS. From the view of interfaces that connecting the key network entities in IMS, this paper analyzes the threat and vulnerabilities and draws some conclusion. In addition, it summarizes the standard privacy and encryption security mechanism classified by the interface. Also, it probes into some vulnerability that cannot be solved only by the standard policy, and recommends one mechanism based on the interfaces and the function the specific interface permits.Charging model based on QoS level for media streaming over P2P networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20081122
Peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a high level logical network architecture build over end-user nodes interconnected by a physical network infrastructure. The main interest of their distributed structure is to avoid any centralized point. The characteristics of P2P networks make them a better choice for multimedia content sharing/streaming over IP networks. This kind of applications demands a QoS (quality of service) level. However, different customers are believed to have different QoS perception levels for the same application. Some customers may content to pay less in exchange for a lower QoS. On the other hand, in order to provide users the required QoS level, an incentive mechanism to motivate peers to contribute is required. In this paper we focus the problem of charging for real-time media streaming of IP packet over P2P networks. We consider a model of multiple senders to a single receiver. We define an incentive mechanism that allows peers generating revenues for their contributions. The incentive mechanism is based on competitive market model. Therefore, a charging model based on the QoS level is defined. Finally, the proposed model defines a sender peers selection mechanism based on the competitive market model and the user's QoS satisfaction level. (8 pages)A novel network-adaptive buffering mechanism for video streaming based on feedback
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080917
In order to provide high playback quality, a novel network-adaptive buffering mechanism for video streaming based on feedback is proposed. The mechanism can retransmit the error/lost frames selectively according to current network status and the importance of frames which is wrapped in feedback information. After that, the error/lost frames due to retransmission failure in buffer are recovered to improve the playback quality. In addition, the mechanism is network-adaptive, which is able to adjust the buffer size dynamically based on the network status. This mechanism is confirmed by simulations and experiments in WLAN and CDMA1X network.M3S - multimedia mobility management and load balancing in wireless broadcast networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080858
Wireless local-area networks represent a viable broadband Internet access solution for enterprise, residential and public areas. Due to its short range radio, multiple wireless access points are necessary to cover a certain physical area. The tendency of mobile users to group in certain areas of interest and of mobile devices to connect to the access point with the highest signal strength determines the overall network load to be highly unbalanced. To overcome this issues which drastically affects user bandwidth share as well as the efficiency of network resource utilization, special load balancing techniques has to be employed. This paper presents the multimedia mobility management system (M3S), a quality oriented mobility management framework which aims at maximizing user perceived multimedia quality by efficiently distributing the traffic load over all the communication resources available. Simulation based testing results are presented, outlining the performance of M3S against other load balancing techniques which rely on mobile device re-association with least congested access points.Evaluation of watermark robustness to JPEG2000 based content adaptation attacks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080418
Bit streams of scalable coded media are adapted at various nodes in multimedia usage chains to cater the variations in network bandwidths, display device resolutions and resources and usage preferences. This is achieved by extracting the most relevant segments from the scalable coded bit stream corresponding to the quality-resolution requirements. Such adaptations can affect the watermarking information embedded in the content and can result in errors in extracting and authentication of such watermark data. A framework for evaluating watermarking robustness to JPEG2000 based content adaptation attacks is presented. The proposed framework represents commonly used wavelet based watermarking algorithms as a subset of a general watermarking framework and simulates the content adaptation modes based on JPEG2000 transcoding to provide a general framework for evaluating watermark robustness in such adaptations and the influence of different embedding modes.Architecture and realization of a residential Telco platform
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20081156
Integration of audio/visual communication, personal media and home automation is on its way to the market. Standardization efforts are paving the way for this happening - although adaptation to mobile terminals and consumer electronic equipments, with proper ergonomic and personalized interfaces is still on its way. In this paper we present a possible architectural solution focused on a Home Telco platform integrated with the current network evolutions and standardization efforts, for which we present and discuss some usage scenarios based on its initial realization. (8 pages)An intelligent scheduling algorithm for traffic QoS enhancement in Wimedia UWB networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080994
The paper proposes an intelligent scheduling algorithm for traffic QoS enhancement in Wimedia UWB networks based on ECMA-368 protocol systems. The algorithm can intelligently reallocate the channel resource, i.e., MAS number, by employing the borrowing and lending policy to adapt to the time-varying network channel conditions and variable transmission rate requirement of traffic flows for each node. Furthermore, during the scheduling process, fairness and priority of different traffic flows is considered to realize the QoS enhancement of all the traffic flows, CBR, VBR and UBR, in the whole network as soon as possible. In addition, some ASIE structures are designed to realize the scheduling algorithm. Finally, the proposed scheduling strategy is simulated on the Wimedia UWB NS2 platform based upon ECMA-368 protocol. The results show that our proposed algorithm can timely track the variable MAS number requirements of traffic flows intelligently in each superframe and coordinate the MAS number reallocation, borrow or lend, between the traffic flows to consist the required MAS number in theory with the occupied MAS number actually for each traffic flow to enhance the QoS performance of the whole Wimedia UWB network.Towards a theoretical model of communication via locative media use
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20081114
This paper proposes a communication model that aims to describe and explain computer-mediated communication via locative media. The proposed model takes into account elements of theories of communication and media studies, activity theory, as well as Castell's concept of the space of flows and the ecological approach to visual perception. (8 pages)A spanner for multimedia applications in ad-hoc networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080186
Multimedia applications demand the network to provide quality of service (QoS) requirements to the end user for smooth running of the application. Especially low jitter and delay are the important QoS requirements for multimedia and real time applications. Recently many geometric spanners, relative neighborhood graph (RNG), Gabriel graph (GG), Yao graph (Yao), and local Delaunay triangulation (LDel), are proposed for ad hoc networks. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of LDel, RNG, and GG for multimedia applications in ad hoc networks. The ns2 simulation is used in the performance evaluation of the spanners. The spanner LDel provides better QoS parameters than other spanners RNG and GG, because the spanning ratio of LDel is bounded by a low constant value.A novel approach to joint video coding
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080424
It is expected that future delivery of digital TV signals will use H.264. This paper presents a novel coding scheme for multi-program video transmission in which the channel capacity is distributed among the programs according to the program complexities resulting in a more uniform overall image quality. A complexity bit rate control algorithm based on the structural similarity index (SSIM) is proposed. SSIM metric is presented under the hypothesis that the human visual system (HSV) is very specialized in extracting structural information from a video sequence but not in extracting the errors. Thus, a measurement on structural distortion should give a better correlation to the subjective impression. Computer simulations have demonstrated very promising results showing joint coding is able to effectively control the complexity of the multi-program encoding process whilst improving overall subjective compared to independent coding and algorithms based on traditional distortion/quality metrics.