Radar-ID: human identification based on radar micro-Doppler signatures using deep convolutional neural networks

Human identification is crucial in various applications, including terrorist attack preventing, criminal seeking, defence and so on. Traditional human identification methods are usually based on vision, biological features, radio-frequency identification cards and so on. In this study, the authors propose an identification method based on radar micro-Doppler signatures using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) for the first time, which can identify human in non-contact, remote and no lighting status. They employ a K-band Doppler radar to acquire the raw signals due to its stationary clutter rejection and movement detection ability as well as its short wavelength which can generate larger Doppler shift. Then short-time Fourier transform is applied to the raw signals to characterise micro-Doppler signatures. They adopt the DCNNs to deal with the spectrograms for human identification problem. The DCNNs can learn the necessary features and classification conditions from raw micro-Doppler spectrograms without employing any explicit features. While the traditional supervised learning techniques relying on the extracted features require domain knowledge of each problem. It is shown that this method can achieve average accuracy ∼97.1% for 4 people, 90.9% for 6 people, 89.1% for 8 people, 85.6% for 10 people, 77.4% for 12 people, 72.6% for 16 people and 68.9% for 20 people.