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Winds and their effects in the lower atmosphere

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  • Physics [3]
  • Geophysics, astronomy and astrophysics [3]
  • Hydrospheric and lower atmospheric physics [3]
  • Lower atmosphere [3]
  • Winds and their effects in the lower atmosphere [3]
  • Geophysical observations, instrumentation, and techniques [3]
  • Instrumentation and techniques for geophysical, hydrospheric and lower atmosphere research [3]
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  • 1995 [3]

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Dual frequency scintillation measurement for remote sensing
Author(s): I.E. Otung, M.S. Mahmoud, B.G. Evans
Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 31, Issue 23, November 1995, p. 1972 - 1973
Type: Article
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A scheme is proposed for utilising measurements of radiowave amplitude scintillation at two frequencies for remote sensing of wind speed and atmospheric turbulence parameters. The main advantage of the method is that all quantities are estimated solely from measured scintillation parameters without the need for secondary measurements. It is shown that the method yields results which compare well with other measurements.

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Acoustic sounder applications: remote sensing of sea breeze and radio propagation studies over tropical India
Author(s): D. Narayana Rao, K. Krishna Reddy, T.R. Vijaya Kumar, P. Kishore, S.V. Bhasakara Rao
Source: Ninth International Conference on Antennas and Propagation (ICAP), 1995, p. v2:351 - v2:351
Type: ConferencePaper
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Acoustic sounding is one of the remote sensing techniques that can give continuous information about some of the micro-meteorological parameters of the lower atmosphere. Microwave propagation is strongly influenced by the atmospheric boundary layer where radioclimatological phenomena such as temperature inversions, fronts, and thunderstorms cause steep refractivity gradients. An important parameter in the study of tropospheric propagation is the refractive index which causes reflection, refraction, diffraction and scattering of radio waves. In an effort to identify the causes of fading over LOS microwave links a monostatic sodar was installed at Tirupati (receiving end of the links) to probe the dynamic behavior of lower atmospheric effects on LOS propagation. The observational study has provided some basic understanding of the boundary layer characteristics affecting propagation and benefitted the development of a climatological model. The authors present some observed significant episodes pertinent to the classification of fading characteristics associated with each of the various atmospheric conditions. In addition, possibilities for the causes of fading are also discussed. It is concluded that severe fading in the early morning and late evening hours is caused due to temperature inversions observed over this region. (4 pages)

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Measurement of wind velocities and refractivity turbulence structure constant using Indian MST radar
Author(s): D. Narayana Rao, P. Kishore, K. Krishna Reddy, M. Yarraiah
Source: Ninth International Conference on Antennas and Propagation (ICAP), 1995, p. v2:347 - v2:347
Type: ConferencePaper
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In this paper an intercomparison of vertical profiles of horizontal velocity observed with MST radar and radiosonde is presented. A gross agreement is seen generally between the radar and balloon measured wind profiles. Vertical profile of the refractivity turbulence structure constant, Cn2 is compared with a model computation of Cn2 based on radiosonde observations. The radar reflectivity and the theoretical model provide good estimates of the 2 vertical profiles of Cn2. Profiles of Cn2 (model) agree well with the measured profiles of Cn2 (radar). (4 pages)

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