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In order to optimise a tidal energy conversion system operation, maintenance and power generation aspects have to be taken into account. As a result the key focus of this paper is to propose and investigate an alternative method of implementing a tidal energy conversion system using a pitch-regulated turbine and a variable-speed squirrel cage induction generator with long distance converters. The generator power output can be optimised by utilising variable-speed control strategies allowing the system to operate at maximum power coefficient while availability can be increased by reducing the components installed offshore by using long three-phase cables between the generator and onshore voltage source converters. The tidal current energy conversion system is investigated by developing a full resource-to-grid model in MATLAB/Simulink and by performing system analysis regarding the effects of harmonics. Simulation results show that by manipulating the harmonic components, by adding passive filters, the problems associated with the harmonics and the reflecting voltage waves in the cables can be minimised.
This paper proposes control strategies for arrays of direct drive wave energy converters. Two control strategies taken from the theoretical study of the hydrodynamic properties of oscillating bodies are applied to a wave energy converter (WEC) system including a linear generator (LG) and voltage source converter system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of the control strategies on WECs working in arrays. Simulations of an array of direct-drive WECs connected together by DC link were developed in Matlab/Simulink. The study concludes with a discussion on their feasibility in terms of electrical power generated and the deployment suitability in real seas. (6 pages)
This study describes the power conversion and control solution used in the electrical power take-off of a 35 kW test rig developed to investigate a linear, direct drive, air-cored, tubular, permanent magnet generator for an offshore wave energy device. The solution proposed is to collect the power extracted directly from individual coils of the generator, which have different induced voltages and cannot easily be connected into a small number of phases. Local energy storage is integrated into the system to smooth the electrical output power and reduce the rating of the downstream inverter for grid interfacing. The solution is demonstrated by analysis, backed up by simulation and test results. This shows the potential and limitations of the proposed conversion technology solution.
It has been shown through modelling and simulation that a linear electrical generator can be effectively controlled to maximise the energy extracted from sea waves. A reaction force control scheme allows the performance of a direct drive wave energy converter to be optimised, which adds to the benefits of low mechanical complexity and high conversion efficiencies in a direct drive system. In this study, reaction force control through experimental verification is presented. The use of a linear generator test rig and electronic hardware to control the phase and amplitude of oscillation are investigated.
Direct drive power take-off for wave energy conversion has been proposed as a viable alternative to hydraulic and pneumatic based systems found in conventional wave energy converters. Allowing for further benefits to be realised, this paper presents a reaction force control scheme to maximise energy extraction, and investigates the modelling and simulation of a direct drive wave energy converter. The control scheme is applied to an experimental test rig with a prototype linear machine with results presented and analysed.
Direct drive wave energy converters have been proposed in view of the disadvantage of mechanical complexity and low conversion efficiencies in conventional wave energy converters. By directly coupling a linear generator to a reciprocating wave energy device, it is suggested that direct drive power take-off could be a viable alternative to hydraulic- and pneumatic-based systems. To further realise the benefits of a direct drive system, a control scheme based on reaction force control to maximise energy extraction is presented. It focuses predominantly on the theoretical analysis of the linear generator reaction force. The modelling, simulation and control of direct drive wave energy conversion are systematically investigated by computer-aided analysis via Matlab/Simulink.
