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Velocity, acceleration and rotation measurement

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Utilisation of skewness of wavelet-based approximate coefficient in walking speed assessment
Author(s): Habib Masum, Surajit Chattopadhyay, Subhasis Bhaumik, Ranjit Ray
Source: IET Science, Measurement & Technology, Volume 10, Issue 8, 2016 , p. 977 - 982
Type: Article
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This study explores wavelet decomposition based skewness analysis for walking speed assessment. This has been achieved by using four force sensing resistors attached beneath the foot and one flex sensor attached on ankle. Experimentation is carried out on walking pattern of able individuals and data are collected using data acquiescing set-up and de-noised using Savitzky–Golay filter. De-noised data are then decomposed at different discrete wavelet transform (DWT) levels from where skewness values of approximate coefficient are assessed. Variation of skewness with respect to walking speed has been observed which shows that skewness values are having definite relations with walking speeds at certain DWT levels. Based on these, an algorithm is proposed for walking speed assessment. Experimentation is again carried out to validate the proposed algorithm. Satisfactory result is achieved indicating that assessment of wavelet decomposition based skewness of approximate coefficients may be very useful for walking speed measurement.

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Measurement of walking speed from gait data using kurtosis and skewness based approximate and detailed coefficients
Author(s): Habib Masum, Surajit Chattopadhyay, Ranjit Ray, Subhasis Bhaumik
Source:
Type: Article
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This study deals with the application of kurtosis and skewness based approximate and detailed coefficients in walking speed measurement. Gait data (force information of foot and positional information of ankle) are gathered through sensors during level walking on motorised treadmill of normal individuals at various speeds and features are extracted from the data using discrete wavelet tools, namely kurtosis of approximate coefficients, kurtosis of detailed coefficients, skewness of approximate coefficients, and skewness of detailed coefficients. The features corresponding to the different discrete wavelet transformation levels are analysed and results are demonstrated. Specific relations have been found between walking speeds and those parameters, where from optimisation has been done with respect to a parameter, type of sensors, and number of sensors. Finally, an algorithm is proposed accordingly for walking speed measurement using the gait data and subsequently validated through experiments.

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