Micro & Nano Letters
Volume 11, Issue 7, July 2016
Volumes & issues:
Volume 11, Issue 7
July 2016
Resistivity and optical transmittance dependence on length and diameter of nanowires in silver nanowire layers in application to transparent conductive coatings
- Author(s): Ilya V. Anoshkin ; Irina I. Nefedova ; Igor S. Nefedov ; Dmitri V. Lioubtchenko ; Albert G. Nasibulin ; Antti V. Räisänen
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 343 –347
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2015.0582
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
343
–347
(5)
Optical absorption spectra and electrical conductivity of silver nanowires with mean diameters of 56, 73, and 106 nm and mean length of 10.4, 12.6, and 32.0 µm, respectively have been experimentally studied. The size dependent effective permittivity of silver nanowire layers is calculated using mixing equations as for anisotropic materials according to the Maxwell-Garnett theory. The absorption spectra peak positions of nanowires with various diameters are interpreted according to the theoretical calculations based on the Mie theory, which allow to predict dependence of the optical properties on the nanowire diameter. The sheet resistance measurements show that 13–15 Ω/sq at the level of 80–90% transmittance at 550 nm wavelength can be achieved.
Iron phthalocyanine nanorods for ethanol sensoring
- Author(s): Xiuhua Wang ; Xiuqin Wang ; Jie Gao ; Bingang Xu
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 348 –350
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0021
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
348
–350
(3)
Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) nanorods were synthesised by a solvothermal method without any surfactant. The as-synthesised materials were monoclinic FePc phase according to X-ray diffraction. The FePc nanorods were applied as gas sensor to detect the ethanol with good sensitivity and selectivity. The results demonstrated that FePc nanorods were excellent candidates for gas sensor to ethanol.
Nanostructured ZnO thin film with improved optical and electrochemical properties prepared by hydrothermal electrochemical deposition technique
- Author(s): Indranil Biswas ; Mousumi Majumder ; Piyali Roy (Kundu) ; Debadrita Mukherjee ; Ashim Kumar Chakraborty
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 351 –355
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2015.0528
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
351
–355
(5)
Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide coated glass substrate by the hydrothermal electrochemical deposition (HTED) route using slightly acidic aqueous zinc acetate solution at 80°C and were characterised by various techniques. The deposited films showed n-type behaviour with improved carrier concentration. The steady state photocurrent densities were found to be 0.4 mA/cm2 (under UV irradiation) and 8 µA/cm2 (under visible light illumination) at zero bias potential. Significant improvement of optical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical properties of deposited films could be achieved using HTED technique.
Bistable memory and logic-gate devices fabricated by intercrossed stacking of graphene–ferroelectric hybrid ribbons
- Author(s): Woo Young Kim ; Hyeon-Don Kim ; Gwang-Jae Jeon ; In-Ku Kang ; Hyun Bin Shim ; Tae-Hyo Kim ; Hee Chul Lee
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 356 –359
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0025
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
356
–359
(4)
A ferroelectric-gated graphene field-effect transistor was fabricated by consecutively stacking two distinct graphene–ferroelectric hybrid ribbons at right angles. Two graphene layers play different roles. One graphene layer acts as a gate electrode and the other graphene layer acts as a channel between two electrodes, source and drain. Electric gating at the gate graphene modulates the resistance of the channel graphene. By means of ferroelectric polarisation, bistable resistance states of the channel graphene could be recorded, and the retention time of bistability was estimated to be 460 days by extrapolating of two resistance values in time–resistance relationships. Furthermore, the underlying concept to fabricate bistable memory device was extended to the methodology to realise a logic-gate device by stacking three distinct graphene–ferroelectric hybrid ribbons.
Folate-intercalated layered double hydroxide as a vehicle for cyclophosphamide, a non-ionic anti-cancer drug
- Author(s): Gregorio Guadalupe Carbajal Arízaga ; Cecilia Sánchez Jiménez ; Karina J. Parra Saavedra ; Adriana M. Macías Lamas ; Ana M. Puebla Pérez
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 360 –362
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0106
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
360
–362
(3)
Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are matrices with interlayer anions that can be exchanged with several types of organic or inorganic anions. Due to the anion-exchange capability, hundreds of new materials have been prepared in the past two decades. Conversely, attempts to intercalate neutral molecules (and increase the range of applications) have been achieved by expanding the interlayer space with long-chain surfactants, thus allowing to exclusively retain highly hydrophobic molecules. This work describes a folate-intercalated LDH structure, where folate pillars are capable of forming both hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with neutral molecules. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data indicated that imidazole, urea and cyclophosphamide were successfully intercalated. This evidence increases the opportunity to prepare more novel materials with neutral molecules in LDH. The cyclophosphamide-LDH product here obtained represents a remarkable example of an LDH-based vehicle for a non-ionic anti-cancer drug used in current chemotherapies.
One-step in-situ fabrication of silver-modified Cu2O crystals with enhanced visible photocatalytic activity
- Author(s): Junqi Li ; Long Sun ; Ying Yan ; Zhenfeng Zhu
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 363 –365
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2015.0530
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
363
–365
(3)
Silver-modified cuprous oxide (Cu2O) crystals (SMCCs) were successfully created by a facile one-step in-situ Ag-loading reaction under room temperature. The samples were studied by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic performance of the SMCCs were estimated by using methyl orange aqueous solution as a standard pollutant under visible light irradiation. As a result, the SMCCs show a higher photocatalytic activity than the pure phase Cu2O. The silver nanoparticles which adhered on the surface of Cu2O of different size and content can greatly effects the photocatalytic efficiency. The enhanced photocatalytic activity owed to the effective charge transfer of excited electron-hole pairs by loading Ag.
Physics-based simulation study of high-performance gallium arsenide phosphide–indium gallium arsenide tunnel field-effect transistor
- Author(s): Bhagwan Ram Raad ; Dheeraj Sharma ; Kaushal Nigam ; Pravin Kondekar
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 366 –368
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0050
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
366
–368
(3)
For the first time, this work presents a novel combination of gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) and indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) as drain/channel and source materials, respectively, of tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) for high-performance ultra-low-power applications. With this combination, the ON-state current of the proposed device is improved ten times as compared with GaAs–Ge TFET; however, the ambipolar current remains equal to the OFF-state current. It also exhibits a very low threshold voltage (half in amount) as compared with GaAs–Ge TFET. Apart from these, GaAsP–InGaAs TFET shows huge reduction in the subthreshold slope for better switching operation.
Energy dissipation of quantum-dot cellular automata logic gates
- Author(s): Ehsan Rahimi
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 369 –371
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2015.0535
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
369
–371
(3)
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a new paradigm in nanoelectronics, where binary information is represented by charge configuration in cells. Ideal QCA logic gates are thought to be dissipationless, since there is no intercell charge transfer and no current flows out of cells. This work presents that these gates dissipate energy and compare energy consumptions of conventional QCA logic gates in electrostatic and thermodynamic approaches. The results show that increasing the number of inputs, concentration of the geometry and the unbalanced numbers of ‘0’ and ‘1’ output states in the gate's truth table add to the energy dissipation of a QCA gate.
Application of micro–meso hierarchical porous carbon for toluene adsorption treatment
- Author(s): Fang Liu ; Xi Yan ; Fengtao Fan ; Chaocheng Zhao ; Rentao Liu ; Ya Gao ; Yongqiang Wang
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 372 –377
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0058
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
372
–377
(6)
Organic waste gases from petrochemical industry cause air pollution. Due to the environmental effects of refractory organic gas, the development of effective adsorbent is imperative. The micro–meso hierarchical porous carbon with high surface area was synthesised by the hard-template method. With MCM-41 as template, this material was prepared using phenolic resin as carbon source. Dynamic adsorption performance of toluene on micro–meso hierarchical porous carbon was studied by gas chromatographic techniques. Effects of toluene initial concentration, temperature and bed height on adsorption capacity were also researched. The results showed that when toluene concentration was 1750 mg/m3, equilibrium amount of toluene adsorbed was 358.8 mg/g by micro–meso hierarchical porous carbon, 79.41 mg/g by MCM-41. The adsorption capacity increased with the increase of initial concentration and bed height, while the adsorption capacity decreased along with the increase of temperature. Due to strong toluene adsorption capacity, this micro–meso hierarchical porous carbon manifests profound theoretical and practical significance in petrochemical organic waste gas treatment.
Monolithic nanoporous copper fabricated through decomposition and sintering of oxalate
- Author(s): Bing Li ; Mingyu Li ; Qingxuan Zeng ; Xingyu Wu
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 378 –381
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0034
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
378
–381
(4)
Two more simple methods were used for preparation of the monolithic nanoporous copper. One was that through decomposition and sintering of copper oxalate precipitate directly. The other was that through decomposition and sintering of copper oxalate and manganese oxalate. The effects of sintered temperature and holding time on the morphology of the monolithic nanoporous copper were investigated. Thermal decomposition, composition and morphology of copper oxalate precipitate, as well as microscopic morphology and specific surface area of the monolithic nanoporous copper were analysed by thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and nitrogen adsorption–desorption. The preferable nanoporous copper can be prepared by decomposition and sintering of copper oxalate directly at 400°C for 30 min. The prepared monolithic nanoporous copper is of open and interconnected pores and is made up of copper grains with the size of about 100 nm, which is as high as 69.9 m2 g−1 in specific surface area.
Influence of colloidal silica dispersion on the decrease of roughness in silicon chemical mechanical polishing
- Author(s): Gaopan Chen ; Guihai Luo ; Guoshun Pan ; Yuhong Liu ; Haimen Luo
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 382 –385
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2015.0592
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
382
–385
(4)
Colloidal silica with different dispersion states during silicon chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) are investigated in detail. As the dispersion of colloidal silica is improved, the roughness (Ra ) decreases gradually during polishing. The silicon surface has a minimum Ra of 0.118 nm when the polydispersity index of particles is 0.078. Comparing with surface polished by colloidal silica in poor dispersion, the surface quality has great improvement. The important role of dispersant is presented by the results of investigations. The research results indicate that dispersant makes aggregate micelles dispersed into many smaller uniform colloidal silica particles. The uniformly dispersed colloidal silica forms a thin film between the surfaces of silicon and polishing pad during CMP, which is beneficial for the stability of friction, and therefore greatly decreases roughness of silicon surface after polishing.
Prospects of Zn(O,S) as an alternative buffer layer for Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cells from numerical simulation
- Author(s): Hong Zhang ; Shuying Cheng ; Jinling Yu ; Haifang Zhou ; Hongjie Jia
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 386 –390
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0130
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
386
–390
(5)
Zn(O,S) is an attractive alternative to CdS as a buffer layer of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS)-based solar cell due to its higher bandgap and environmental friendliness. In this work, CZTS solar cell with a structure of CZTS/Zn(O,S)/Al:ZnO was simulated by Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS). The impacts of thickness and acceptor concentration of CZTS, thickness and donor concentration of Zn(O,S) and operating temperature on the performance of CZTS solar cells were investigated. It has been obtained that the optimum thickness of CZTS is between 2000 and 3000 nm and that of Zn(O,S) is about 50 nm. The suitable doping concentrations of CZTS and Zn(O,S) layers are around 1016 and 1017 cm−3, respectively. The temperature coefficient of efficiency is about −0.023 %/K in the CZTS solar cell. All these simulation results will provide some important guidelines for fabricating high efficient CZTS solar cells.
Fabrication of silver/beta-tricalcium phosphate particle by a simple liquid chemical reduction method
- Author(s): Chao Guo ; Juan Xue ; Ying Tan ; Yinsheng Dong
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 391 –394
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0014
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
391
–394
(4)
Using beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), silver nitrate and glucose as the carrier, silver resource and reducing agent, silver/beta-TCP particle was successfully fabricated by a novel liquid chemical reduction method to overcome the infection problem of beta-TCP. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the as-obtained sample confirmed the existence of metallic silver in the particle. The addition of silver nanoparticle affected the thermal stability of beta-TCP and prevented the transformation from beta-TCP to alpha-TCP. Transmission electron microscopy images and the corresponding calculation result proved the mean size and size distribution of silver nanoparticles in the silver/beta-TCP particle could be controlled by varying the molar ratio between beta-TCP and silver nitrate. Moreover, the mean size and size distribution of silver nanoparticles also could be changed by using different stabilisers. The prepared silver/beta-TCP particle is a potential biomaterial to replace pure beta-TCP particle and utilise for coating material and other applications.
Forced vibration analysis of a viscoelastic polymeric piezoelectric microplate with fluid interaction
- Author(s): Amir Monemian Esfahani ; Mohsen Bahrami ; Seyed Reza Ghaffarian Anbarani
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 395 –401
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0043
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
395
–401
(7)
The equations of motion for a viscoelastic polymeric piezoelectric microplate are established based on the thin plate theory and Kelvin–Voigt laws. Polyvinylidene fluoride is chosen as the polymeric piezoelectric material. The plate is assumed to be rectangular and the boundary conditions are clamped at all edges. Liquid is modelled as a damping foundation beneath the plate. The equations are solved using assumed-mode method along with Newmark's β method. The effects of variation in the input voltage, damping coefficient, viscoelastic parameter, and excitation frequency are discussed. The results are compared with the developed finite element method. An excellent agreement is observed between the two methods.
Influence of carbon black with different concentration on dynamic properties and heat buildup of semi-efficient natural rubber composites
- Author(s): Huan Zhang ; Zhiyi Zhang ; Guizhe Zhao ; Yaqing Liu
- Source: Micro & Nano Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 402 –406
- DOI: 10.1049/mnl.2016.0004
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
402
–406
(5)
High abrasion furnace black (HAF) filler has long been recognised as reinforcing filler, but the impact of concentration on dynamic mechanics performance and heat buildup of vulcanisates is rarely reported. Therefore, natural rubber (NR) composites filled by N330 with different concentration were prepared. Payne effect and heat buildup of HAF/NR composites increases with an increase of HAF loadings during to that filler network structure become stronger with an increase of HAF loadings. Moreover, tensile strength, tear strength as well as modulus increase with an increase of HAF loadings is attributed to better dispersion and improved interfacial interaction between HAF and NR matrices. The results reveal that composites with 60 per hundreds of rubber (phr) of HAF exhibit better overall mechanical properties and lower heat buildup.
Most viewed content
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Vibration of piezoelectric nanofilm-based electromechanical sensors via higher-order non-local strain gradient theory
- Author(s): Mohammad Reza Farajpour ; Abbas Rastgoo ; Ali Farajpour ; Moslem Mohammadi
- Type: Article
-
Approach for ambipolar behaviour suppression in tunnel FET by workfunction engineering
- Author(s): Kaushal Nigam ; Pravin kondekar ; Dheeraj Sharma
- Type: Article
-
Spray coating of polymer electret with polystyrene nanoparticles for electrostatic energy harvesting
- Author(s): Yixin Xu ; Anxin Luo ; Ai Zhang ; Yulong Zhang ; Bin Tang ; Kai Wang ; Fei Wang
- Type: Article
-
Two-dimensional functionalised methacrylated graphene oxide nanosheets as simple and inexpensive electrodes for biosensing applications
- Author(s): Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Type: Article
-
UV-activated room temperature single-sheet ZnO gas sensor
- Author(s): Fanli Meng ; Hanxiong Zheng ; Yufeng Sun ; Minqiang Li ; Jinhuai Liu
- Type: Article