IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications
Volume 141, Issue 2, March 1994
Volumes & issues:
Volume 141, Issue 2
March 1994
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- Author(s): M.Y. Uctug ; I. Eskandarzadeh ; H. Ince
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 33 –38
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949983
- Type: Article
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In the paper, a double output induction generator (DOIG) driven by a wind turbine is studied. The reference frame model of the system including a fully controlled rectifier on the rotor side is derived. Based on this model, the steady-state equations are obtained in terms of the stator and rotor currents, rotor voltage and the slip. These equations are solved both with a model of a wind turbine and that of a DC motor driving the DOIG. The results are compared with experimental ones. Finally, an optimisation problem is formulated to investigate the conditions of transferring maximum power from the wind turbine to the grid system, and it is shown that using a DOIG in either subsynchronous or supersynchronous modes, it is possible to transfer maximum power to the network in a wide range of wind speeds without exceeding the ratings of the induction generator. - Author(s): G. Blajszczak ; I. Boake ; J.D. van Wyk
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 39 –44
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949853
- Type: Article
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39
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The components of nonactive power in a power system can be compensated separately by different switching convertors, or simultaneously by one convertor. Costs of compensator components and the operational costs are discussed for both cases. The estimates are made based on data of physical compensating systems. The hybrid compensator consists of fixed capacitors, a thyristor controlled reactor and a force compensated six pulse bridge voltage-fed converter. - Author(s): H.C. Lovatt and J.M. Stephenson
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 45 –51
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949859
- Type: Article
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The paper discusses the design of optimised current waveforms, to give the lowest RMS current per phase for a given mean torque. The waveforms are constrained to be within the converter VA rating. Current waveforms and the associated voltage waveform, over a wide speed range, are given for a representative motor. - Author(s): K.W.E. Cheng and P.D. Evans
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 52 –62
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949856
- Type: Article
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The paper is concerned with the optimisation of inductor design to improve the design capability for these large, expensive and heat-producing magnetic components in power electronic circuits. The work focuses on toroidal inductors which consist of uniformly distributed, solid conductor windings on low permeability toroidal cores. It develops methods of calculating the eddy current losses in the windings. The basic analytical equations for losses in the windings are evolved and the problem of variable turn pitch that arises in the toroidal geometry is dealt with by means of an effective core diameter concept. Effective core diameters are presented graphically in terms of normalised parameters. The theoretical and graphical results given in the paper enable toroidal inductor designs to be optimised, and losses to be calculated in a rapid and convenient way. Experimental results are shown to agree well with the theoretical results presented in the paper. - Author(s): J.-S. Ko ; J.-H. Lee ; M.-J. Youn
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 63 –70
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949858
- Type: Article
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A new control method for the robust position control of a brushless DC (BLDC) motor using the adaptive load torque observer is presented. It is shown that the augmented state variable feedback can be applied to the BLDC motor system approximately linearised using the field-orientation method. To overcome the problem of an unknown parameter or a parameter variation such as a flux linkage, an adaptive mechanism is employed. As a result, the robustness can be obtained without affecting the overall system response. The load disturbance is detected by the adaptive 0-observer of an unknown and inaccessible input, and is compensated by feedforwarding the equivalent current having the fast response. - Author(s): M.S. Khanniche and I.D.W. Lake
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 71 –76
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949855
- Type: Article
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The paper presents a novel sinusoidal current controller for nonlinear loads based on an AC chopper topology using a hysteresis current control scheme. The Intel 80C196KC, 16-bit single chip microcontroller is used to implement the developed control algorithms online and in real time resulting in a significant reduction in weight and cost. The validity of the developed controller has been assessed in the development of an overcurrent test relay system; practical and simulated results are presented. - Author(s): C.-T. Pan and T.-C. Chen
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 77 –84
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949854
- Type: Article
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A novel three-phase AC to DC power convertor is proposed to achieve sinusoidal current waveform and unity power factor at the input, and to simplify the control of all switches. In addition, the new convertor has both step-up and step-down capability and no current sensor is required for the current control. The steady-state analysis such as DC model, harmonic analysis of the input current and some design considerations are presented. Finally, some experimental results are given for demonstration. - Author(s): J. Hu ; D.M. Dawson ; Z. Qu
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 85 –94
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949860
- Type: Article
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The paper presents an adaptive tracking controller for an induction motor driving a load. Using nonlinear models of the motor and load, an asymptotic stability (AS) result for the rotor position/velocity tracking error is obtained. The control is capable of handling parametric uncertainty throughout the entire electromechanical system dynamics. The control requires full state feedback (i.e. rotor position, velocity, stator currents, and rotor flux). Simulation results are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed controller. - Author(s): M. Sheng and C. Grantham
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 95 –100
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949934
- Type: Article
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The paper describes a novel method of loading three-phase induction motors, without the need to connect a load to the machine's drive shaft. The proposed new method uses microprocessor controlled power electronics to produce a rotating magnetic field which rotates at constant speed but with sinusoidally varying magnitude. The new method substantially reduces the magnitude of the oscillating torque during the test while at the same time achieving the same accuracy as with the authors' existing dual frequency and sweep frequency methods. The various power losses and their distribution in the machine are calculated taking into account rotor parameter variations with frequency. If full load temperature rise is measured using the method described, results are obtained which are close to, but always higher than, those measured when using a conventional generator load and a 50 Hz inverter supply. - Author(s): C. Grantham ; M. Sheng ; E.D. Spooner
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 101 –108
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949935
- Type: Article
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p.
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The paper describes methods of loading three-phase induction motors, without the need to connect a load to the machine's drive shaft. Two methods are described, one method uses microprocessor controlled power electronics to replace the electrical machines of an existing equivalent load technique. The second method uses microprocessor controlled power electronics to rapidly modulate the machine's supply frequency. Both methods have the advantage of being extremely simple to set up and operate, and enable vertical motors to be tested in the same way as horizontal ones. The various power losses and their distribution in the machine during synthetic loading are calculated taking into account rotor parameter variations with frequency. If full load temperature rise is measured using the two methods described, results are obtained which are close to, but always higher than, those measured when using a conventional generator load and a 50 Hz inverter supply. - Author(s): Z.Q. Zhu and D. Howe
- Source: IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications, Volume 141, Issue 2, p. 109 –120
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-epa:19949961
- Type: Article
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Improved methods for predicting the electromagnetic noise radiated by electrical machines are presented. The preferred method is based on the calculation of the sound-pressure and stator-vibration velocity distributions on a finite-cylindrical acoustic model. It results in a simple formula for calculating the acoustic power from the relative sound intensity and the stator-surface vibration, and is therefore eminently suitable for use during routine design. The method eliminates the need to calculate the sound-pressure and air-velocity distributions around a machine, as is required for existing methods. It can also account for the effect of an axial variation of the radial vibration. In an alternative method the relative sound intensity is calculated from a spherical acoustic model in which the radial vibration of a machine is expressed as a function of the circumferential mode order in the form of a Fourier series rather than a Legendre series, as in previous analyses. This makes it possible to use Fourier series throughout the various stages leading up to the prediction of electromagnetic noise. Predictions of the relative sound intensity from the different models are compared, and the sound-pressure distribution and the acoustic power are investigated both theoretically and experimentally on a TEFC 3-phase induction motor. It is shown that methods based on a spherical acoustic model are only geometrical and physical approximations, whilst a finite-cylindrical acoustic model is more generally applicable.
Modelling and output power optimisation of a wind turbine driven double output induction generator
Cost-effectiveness of hybrid and unified compensators of nonactive power in networks
Computer-optimised current waveforms for switched-reluctance motors
Calculation of winding losses in high-frequency toroidal inductors using single strand conductors
Robust digital position control of brushless DC motor with adaptive load torque observer
Real time hysteresis controller for relay testing
Step-up/down three-phase AC to DC convertor with sinusoidal input current and unity power factor
Adaptive tracking control of an induction motor with robustness to parametric uncertainty
Synthetic loading of three-phase induction motors by magnetic field magnitude modulation
Synthetic loading of three-phase induction motors using microprocessor controlled power electronics
Improved methods for prediction of electromagnetic noise radiated by electrical machines
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