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Volume 134
Issue 1
IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews)
Volume 134, Issue 1, January 1987
Volumes & issues:
Volume 134, Issue 1
January 1987
Waste not, want not
- Author(s): G.T. Shepherd
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 1 –5
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0001
- Type: Article
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The paper reviews the effect of total energy schemes on the operations of the London Electricity Board (LEB) in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and describes the proposed connection of privately owned generators to the LEB system. The introduction of combined heat and power (CHP) systems is then described, and the benefits of the more efficient use of fuels in such systems are explained. Reductions in heavy fuel oil prices have helped the economics of CHP. The adoption of CHP and district heating (DH) in the UK is encouraged, and is foreseen as being complementary to conventional and nuclear power generation.
IEE Computing & Control Division: Chairman's address. Collaborate or die
- Author(s): Laurence Clarke
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 6 –11
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0002
- Type: Article
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The paper first explains the need for intellectual collaboration, and the author recalls earlier experiences of teamwork in the development and use of computers. Three areas are then reviewed in which collaboration can be valuable: industry, universities and professional institutions. The author suggests that institutions such as the IEE should devolve decision making to divisional level and thereby enable several institutions with common interests to co-ordinate their learned society activities, thus making more efficient use of existing resources.
IEE Management & Design Division: Chairman's address. Engineer to manager—the challenging transition
- Author(s): J.R. Thompson
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 12 –17
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0003
- Type: Article
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The paper reviews the roles of managers and the attributes required. The capabilities of engineers are then considered in relation to the practice of management, and the impressions held of engineers by nontechnical people are quoted. Management education and training are seen to be vital steps in the conversion of engineers to managers. Those engineers who have not received academic education in management can obtain the necessary help from on-the-job management training. The IEE has a role to play in encouraging engineers to prepare themselves for management posts, which they can usually fill effectively.
IEE Science, Education & Technology Division: Chairman's address. Close encounters of an electrical kind. Electrical science, education and training technology in the Royal Navy—a personal view
- Author(s): I.F. Chrishop
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 18 –30
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0004
- Type: Article
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1871 saw the foundation of the Society of Telegraph Engineers which later was to become the Institution of Electrical Engineers. Three years before this the Royal Navy became interested in the use of electricity in connection with torpedoes, at that time static devices. From these early days there have always been strong links between the IEE and the Royal Navy, epitomised for example by Captain H.B. Jackson's work on wireless at the beginning of the 20th century, he being an active member of the IEE. Electrical and electronic developments have changed the whole complexion of naval warfare, and the Soviet Navy has been quick to capitalise on this. To counter this the Royal Navy has constantly evolved its technical education and training so that its men can keep abreast of such developments and make best use of sophisticated modern weapon systems. It is significant that many features of naval training are to be found in recent reports such as Haslegrave (1970), Merriman (1978) and Finniston (1980). The paper outlines the evolution of electrical education and training within the Royal Navy and suggests that because many naval officers and ratings, on completion of their service, have extensive second careers, their naval training can be viewed as a national investment. A corollary is that continuing links between the IEE and the Royal Navy can only be mutually beneficial.
High-frequency losses in multiturn foil-wound air-cored inductors
- Author(s): P.D. Evans and K.H. Augla
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 31 –36
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0005
- Type: Article
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The paper discusses a coupled-circuit model which can be used to calculate the effective resistance of a multilayer foil-wound inductor and describes a formal method of solution for the large set of describing equations. Alternative methods of calculating the self and mutual inductances required in the model are compared, and it is shown that care is needed in calculating the mutual inductance between coaxial circular coils with slightly different diameters. Measured and computed results are presented for two examples of inductors for the frequency range of 20–100 kHz which is normally encountered in switched-mode power supplies. It is shown that a simplified model, which assumes that the current distribution is the same in all layers, is inadequate, even for inductors where the winding buildup is small compared to the mean diameter.
Enhanced charging of fine particles by electrons in pulse-energised electrical precipitators
- Author(s): R.A. Fitch and J.E. Drummond
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 37 –44
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0006
- Type: Article
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A theory of fine-particle charging by electrons in electrical precipitators is described. It is shown that electron charging can be very significant under the right conditions; and a novel precipitator is proposed to exploit the process. It is concluded that charge increases of over a factor of 2 may be practical for 0.2μm particles.
Low-frequency sensitive force-balance linear standard accelerometer
- Author(s): R.C. Mehta
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 45 –57
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0007
- Type: Article
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An accelerometer based on an automatic force-balance principle has been developed with a view to measuring linear acceleration from 0.01 to 1.0 g, with overall accuracy of 0.1% under static as well as dynamic conditions in the frequency range from 0 to 70 Hz. The analysis of errors of components of various blocks and its experimental verification, the exact determination of damping ratio, and the phenomenon of reduction of undamped natural frequency arising out of the so called ‘piston effect’, caused by the highly viscous damping fluid, are some of the highlights in the determination of the performance. Finally, it is concluded that this linear accelerometer, using a new technique of calibration and an accurate measuring device, can be considered as a standard accelerometer.
Multiply connected regions in the A — ψ three-dimensional eddy-current formualtion
- Author(s): D. Rodger and J.F. Eastham
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 58 –66
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0008
- Type: Article
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The low-frequency 3-dimensional (3D) eddy-current problem can be solved in certain cases using A (the magnetic vector potential) inside conductors, linked at the conductor surfaces to magnetic scaler potentials. When the regions are multiply connected due to attempts at modelling conductors which have holes (genus higher than zero), problems arise. The paper is concerned with resolving the difficulties. Three possible approaches are compared, the most promising method is used to solve a 3D multiply connected eddy-current problem for which experimental results have been obtained.
Representation and simulation of AC/DC convertor systems using fixed and varying electrical axes
- Author(s): I. Dobson
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 67 –83
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0009
- Type: Article
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An electrical axes formulation of Kron's tensor analysis is presented and applied to the representation and digital simulation of AC/DC bridge convertor systems. The electrical, transformer, and switching connections of a general convertor system are represented as fixed and varying electrical axes so that the system equations may be automatically formed and solved. The resulting general switching circuit simulation is capable of analysing transients in 12-pulse convertor systems with nonideal loads. The circuit theory used in deriving the simulation is suggestive of useful methods of describing and visualising convertor system phenomena.
Perturbation technique for fields and forces due to current filaments moving above a conducting plate of finite thickness
- Author(s): D. de Zutter and J. van Bladel
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, page: 84 –84
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0010
- Type: Article
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Reply: Perturbation technique for fields and forces due to current filaments moving above a conducting plate of finite thickness
- Author(s): V. Subba Rao
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, page: 84 –84
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0011
- Type: Article
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Geometric description of bridge rectifier operational modes using regular polygons
- Author(s): I. Dobson
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 85 –88
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0012
- Type: Article
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AC line currents in idealised 3-phase bridge rectifier systems trace out regular polygons. This fact is used to derive a geometric visualisation of rectifier operation and to explain operational modes in 6- and 12-pulse rectifiers from a geometric point of view.
Taking advantage of technology in the international market place, for profit
- Author(s): A.W. Jones
- Source: IEE Proceedings A (Physical Science, Measurement and Instrumentation, Management and Education, Reviews), Volume 134, Issue 1, p. 89 –95
- DOI: 10.1049/ip-a-1.1987.0013
- Type: Article
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A family of radars have been developed over a period of years for a variety of clients and end-users. There has been an optimum balance between the expenditure on development, and on investments in technology, with systems consisting of modules that were individually updated as necessary. An important factor has been the forecasting of the cost trends for key elements. Silicon LSI circuits are used for advanced signal processing, designed with the ‘megacel’ CAD system, which engineers can learn to use very quickly. The system simulates both the logic and the dynamic performance of the chip, and signals errors for correction by the engineer, in a series of iterative steps. The radar market is very competitive, and the name of the game is careful management of expenditure on technology, at just the right time to meet market needs.
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