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This journal was previously known as IEE Proceedings - Electric Power Applications 1994-2006. ISSN 1350-2352. more..
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A maximum efficiency point tracking control method for ultrasonic motors with temperature compensation
- Author(s): Lei Zhao ; Chunchen Cai ; Xuefei Mao ; Dengyun Wu ; Jiyang Zhang ; Zhuoming Yu ; Ying Feng
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p.
1469
–1477
(9)
AbstractTo compensate for the influence of temperature on the efficiency of an ultrasonic motor (USM), this paper proposed a maximum efficiency point tracking control method for temperature drift by analysing the relationships between the maximum efficiency point and the voltage and frequency of the driving circuit. The method first calculates the frequency update step of the driving circuit by the polynomial surface fitting method, considers the influence of temperature rise on the voltage‐efficiency‐frequency characteristics, and then adjusts the frequency in real time to compensate for temperature effects. Simulation and experimental results show that our method can improve the USM performance at the maximum efficiency point under changing temperature. Maximum efficiency point tracking algorithm with temperature compensation algorithm achieves maximum efficiency in experiment.
By analysing the working characteristics of an ultrasonic motor and its driving circuit, the relationships between the maximum efficiency point and the voltage and frequency of the driving circuit have been studied and a maximum efficiency point tracking method is proposed. By using the proposed MEPT‐TC algorithm, the ultrasonic motor can be working at the maximum efficiency point when the temperature of the motor is changing.image
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An ampere‐second‐vector pulse width modulation technique and fault‐tolerant control for CSI11 fed five‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with multiple harmonic electromotive forces
- Author(s): Chao Chen ; Zhen Chen ; Xiaoyong Sun ; Congzhe Gao ; Xiangdong Liu
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p.
1478
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(24)
AbstractWhen dealing with safety‐critical applications that involve multiphase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs), the current source inverter (CSI) is a superior choice compared with the voltage source inverter. The conventional technique of pulse width modulation (PWM) presents a challenge for CSI, particularly during faults. The fault‐tolerant control of multiphase PMSMs fed by CSIs has not been well investigated, particularly in situations involving double‐phase open‐circuit faults. Furthermore, fault‐tolerant control becomes more complex when the multiphase PMSM includes harmonic back electromotive forces (EMFs). To deal with these issues, an ampere‐second (AS) vector PWM technique is developed for a five‐phase PMSM powered by CSI11. The modulation ratio of the proposed PWM is identical to that of space vector PWM. The proposed method, however, is easier to implement. A fault‐tolerant control method using AS‐vector is proposed for single‐phase, adjacent double‐phase, and non‐adjacent double‐phase open‐circuit faults. Additionally, a method is developed to suppress the torque ripple that results from harmonic back‐EMFs during fault conditions. Compared without the torque ripple suppression method, during the speed rising, the proposed method can reduce torque ripple to 16.7%, 54.5%, and 37.5%, respectively. The experiments have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed PWM technique and fault‐tolerant control method.
Based on the ampere‐second balance, an ampere‐second (AS)‐vector pulse width modulation technique for CSI11 fed five‐phase permanent magnet synchronous motor with multiple harmonic electromotive forces is proposed. Then by AS‐vector reconstruction, an AS‐vector fault‐tolerant control method is proposed under single‐phase, adjacent double‐phase, and non‐adjacent double‐phase open‐circuit fault.image
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Torque ripple reduction of switched reluctance motor using direct instantaneous torque control and adaptive turn‐on technique for electric vehicle applications
- Author(s): Laith Al Quraan and Laszlo Szamel
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p.
1502
–1514
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AbstractDirect Instantaneous Torque Control (DITC) with an adaptive turn‐on angle technique is presented in this paper to improve the torque ripple of the Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) for Electric Vehicle applications. Torque ripple suppression is achieved by employing two operating modes during the commutation interval. First, both the outgoing and incoming phase states are modified to track the required torque during the incoming phase's minimum inductance area. As soon as the incoming phase leaves its minimum inductance zone, the outgoing phase is demagnetised, and only the incoming phase state is modified for torque tracking. In addition, a closed‐loop regulator is used to dynamically control the turn‐on angle that drives the incoming current to reach its first peak at the instant of switching between the two operation modes when the rotor and stator poles initiate overlap, thus increasing the motor's efficiency. Simulation results showed that the proposed control method has superior advantages over the traditional DITC and Average Torque Controller. Furthermore, the simulation results were verified experimentally using a four‐phase 4kW, 8/6 SRM prototype.
Direct Instantaneous Torque Control (DITC) with an adaptive turn‐on angle technique is presented in this paper to improve the torque ripple of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) for Electric Vehicle applications. An improved DITC switching scheme is presented by adopting two switching modes in the commutation region to reduce the torque ripples. A closed‐loop turn‐on controller is developed to improve system efficiency by driving the incoming current to its first peak at the instant the transition between the switching modes takes place.image
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A novel cogging torque measurement method for multi slot/pole permanent magnet motor
- Author(s): Wanwan Zhu ; Yukai Yang ; Hongzhou Song ; Yinan Liu ; Zaiping Zheng ; Yiguang Chen
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p.
1515
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AbstractThe adverse effect on speed ripple and vibration makes it necessary to evaluate the cogging torque. Due to the tolerance of stator and rotor stacks as well as nonuniform magnetization of permanent magnet, the amplitude of cogging torque is unequal in different rotor position. As a result, the verification of theoretical analysis becomes difficult. Therefore, the cogging torque average is used to weigh it. In view of the large least common multiple of multi slot/pole Permanent magnet motor, which means, there are multiple cogging torque cycles per rotor revolution, a cogging torque measurement method is proposed. Through simple devices such as arm, weight, digital gauge, resolver, and so on, the amplitude and period of cogging torque can be accurately measured without site restrictions. The correctness of the method is verified by simulation and experiment, and that can be used as a supplement to cogging torque evaluation for multi slot/pole PMM.
Based on the characteristics of large LCM for multi slot/pole PMM, the measurement can be implemented through simple devices. Compared with the traditional methods, this one breaks through the limitation of professional instruments and measurement site.image
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Study on the suppression effect of variable hydrogen parameters on the temperature rise of the turbo‐generator rotor under deep peak regulation
- Author(s): Yucai Wu and Yingjie Guo
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p.
1524
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AbstractIn recent years, the extensive participation of turbine generator in deep peak regulation has caused significant damage to the rotor windings, which is rooted in the frequent and significant changes in the electrical load of the rotor, accompanied by thermal expansion and contraction, causing harm to the rotor insulation and stress fatigue of the metal conductor. Hydrogen, as the cooling medium for the rotor windings of turbine generators, has a direct impact on the windings temperature through its parameters. Starting from suppressing the harm of deep peak regulation on the rotor windings, the inhibitory effect of hydrogen parameter changes on the temperature of the gap‐pickup diagonal‐flow rotor is studied. A calculation model for the rotor temperature field of the turbo‐generator with gap‐pickup diagonal‐flow ventilation is established. The finite volume method is used to iteratively calculate the control equations in the fluid‐thermal‐solid coupling heat transfer problem, and the temperature field distribution of various components of the rotor under different excitation loads is obtained. On this basis, the effects of individual adjustment of hydrogen temperature and pressure, as well as the combined adjustment, on the temperature of the rotor windings are studied. Finally, a variable hydrogen parameter adjustment strategy is proposed for the operation of turbo‐generators under deep peak regulation conditions. To a certain extent, the winding temperature fluctuation can be suppressed, which provides a potential solution for the thermal stable operation of the rotor.
The temperature characteristics of gap‐pickup diagonal‐flow turbo‐generator rotor is obtained, and the suppression law of hydrogen temperature and pressure on rotor temperature is summarised.image
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PMSG-based wind energy conversion systems: survey on power converters and controls
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- Author(s): Ivan Subotic ; Nandor Bodo ; E. Levi ; Boris Dumnic ; Dragan Milicevic ; Vladimir Katic