Online ISSN
1751-8679
Print ISSN
1751-8660
IET Electric Power Applications
Volume 4, Issue 8, September 2010
Volumes & issues:
Volume 4, Issue 8
September 2010
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- Author(s): V.P. Sakthivel ; R. Bhuvaneswari ; S. Subramanian
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 579 –590
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0313
- Type: Article
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p.
579
–590
(12)
Accurate efficiency estimation of in-service motor is crucial in industries for energy auditing and management. The method defined in IEEE Standard 112 cannot be used for in-service motors, because it disrupts the production process. This study presents a non-intrusive method for in-service motor efficiency estimation based on the bacterial foraging (BF) algorithm. The proposed method relies on measuring the stator current, stator voltage, input power, stator resistance and rotor speed of the in-service motor. The BF algorithm is used for evaluating the equivalent circuit parameters of the motor instead of using the no-load and locked-rotor tests. The efficiency is then estimated using a modified motor model. The proposed method has been tested on a 5 hp motor directly supplied by the grid and the results are compared with those obtained by particle swarm optimisation method, immune algorithm method, ant colony optimisation method, torque gauge method, equivalent circuit method, slip method, current method and segregated loss method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can estimate motor efficiencies accurately and speedily. Hence, the method is suitable for conducting energy audits and management of the motor to predict cost savings and payback, to assist decisions concerning the investment of an energy efficient motor and also to integrate in an online monitoring system. - Author(s): P.M. de la Barrera ; G.R. Bossio ; J.A. Solsona ; G.O. Garcı́a
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 591 –602
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0281
- Type: Article
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p.
591
–602
(12)
A new dynamic model for an induction motor (IM) in abc machine variables is proposed in this work. This model is able to represent asymmetrical stator core faults (SCF) by modelling them as the variation of the equivalent core loss resistance per phase. One model in qd0 variables and another one in sequence components are deduced and used as tools to analyse and simulate SCF. It is demonstrated that there is a good correlation between SCF severity and the magnitude of the IM stator negative sequence current, impedance and power. The comparison of simulation and experimental results suggests the validity of the theoretical proposal. - Author(s): W. Ding and D. Liang
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 603 –617
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0282
- Type: Article
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p.
603
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(15)
This study deals with the comparison of the dynamic modelling, the transient and steady-state performances analysis and experimental verification for a 12/8 dual-channel switched reluctance machine (DCSRM) under single- and dual-channel operation modes. The DCSRM has inherent short flux paths capability, and the magnetic circuits for both the channels share most of the magnetic real estate in the machine under dual-channel excitation mode. According to the different flux patterns, the dynamic models for the DCSRM operating under different modes are presented. In this proposed dual-channel operation model, the mutual coupling between different phases in each channel of the DCSRM is considered. By using the dynamic models, various transient and steady-state performances such as starting up speed under closed-loop control, phase currents, phase flux linkages, total torque characteristics and sudden change in torque operation are predicted and compared for the DCSRM under different modes and excitation conditions. It is shown that when the DCSRM operation is under dual-channel mode, it has faster acceleration performance and the torque is more than two times of that under single-channel mode. Finally, an experimental laboratory set-up based on digital signal processor and complex programmable logic device (CPLD) is built, which verify the proposed modelling and analysis. The experimental results of transient and steady-state performances are compared with the simulation results in the DCSRM systems under single- and dual-channel operation modes. - Author(s): A. Lidozzi ; L. Solero ; A. Di Napoli
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 618 –628
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0096
- Type: Article
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p.
618
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(11)
The main purpose of the study is to describe a small size hybrid vehicle having ultracapacitors (UCs) as on-board storage unit. The vehicle on-board main power supply is achieved by a genset being formed of a 250 cc internal combustion engine and a permanent magnet (PM) synchronous electric generator, whereas four 16 V–500 F UCs modules are connected in series in order to supply as well to store the power peaks during, respectively, acceleration and braking vehicle modes of operation. The traction power is provided by a PM synchronous electric motor, whereas a distributed power electronic interface is in charge of all the required electronic conversions as well of controlling the operating conditions for each power unit. The study discusses the implemented control strategy and shows experimental results on the modes of operation of both generation unit and storage unit. - Author(s): Wijono ; H. Arof ; H.W. Ping
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 629 –636
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0267
- Type: Article
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p.
629
–636
(8)
An analytical calculation of the magnetic field of a cylindrical permanent magnet linear generator is presented. The generator utilises a discrete Halbach permanent magnet array as magnetic field source. The array is constructed of permanent magnets that have a non-uniform length. To solve the governing equations, a direct solution method is used. The flux distributions in the air gap, inside the permanent magnet and in the shaft are calculated. Solutions that are derived using this method are compared with that obtained from the finite element analysis simulation method. Another method is also used in the field calculation, and the result is presented for comparison. - Author(s): O.S. Ebrahim ; M.F. Salem ; P.K. Jain ; M.A. Badr
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 637 –646
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0164
- Type: Article
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p.
637
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(10)
Realisation of a digital control system, which implements a complete state feedback control strategy for the voltage-source inverter-fed induction motor (IM) drive, is reported. The controller design is based on the application of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) theory to a linearised state-space model for the machine in the synchronous frame. The control objective is to achieve rotor speed control and orientation of the stator flux vector at constant magnitude by adjusting the stator voltage and frequency. To overcome the detrimental effects of inevitable modelling errors and disturbances, the structure of the feedback controller used here resembles that of the classical proportional–integral controller but is more versatile. The control system design considers the inverter's output limits and proposes an anti-windup scheme to avoid instability risk under integral windup. A supplementary feedforward control loop is provided to enhance transient response of the controlled drive by utilising few future values of the speed reference and load torque signals in advance. The hardware implementation of a controller is discussed and experimental tests are presented, along with computer simulation results, to verify the validity of the method. - Author(s): M.J. Jin ; Y. Wang ; J.X. Shen ; P.C.K. Luk ; W.Z. Fei ; C.F. Wang
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 647 –656
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0176
- Type: Article
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p.
647
–656
(10)
Permanent-magnet flux-switching (PMFS) machine offers high torque density, impressive flux-weakening capability and mechanical ruggedness because of its distinctive configuration, and is potentially suitable for the application in automotive integrated-starter-generators (ISGs). However, the PMFS machine generally exhibits higher cogging torque compared with other machines commonly used in ISGs. Minimisation of the cogging torque in the PMFS machine for its utility in ISGs is therefore of particular importance. Four rotor topologies are proposed here as cost-effective means to suppress the cogging torque of a PMFS ISG. The validity of the proposed techniques has been confirmed by both two-dimensional finite-element analysis and experimental results. Moreover, the influence on the back electromagnetic force by these techniques is also investigated. - Author(s): M. Shahnazari and A. Vahedi
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 657 –669
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0187
- Type: Article
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p.
657
–669
(13)
This study presents an improved dynamic average model for brushless excitation system in synchronous generators. The model is based on an efficient voltage-behind-reactance model of the exciter and the average value modelling of rotating rectifier in all rectification modes. The excitation current is assumed to change at a constant rate during the averaging period. The model is validated through comparison of the proposed average model and the experimental results. - Author(s): A. Abdelkhalik ; M. Masoud ; W. Barry
- Source: IET Electric Power Applications, Volume 4, Issue 8, p. 670 –685
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-epa.2009.0204
- Type: Article
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p.
670
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(16)
This study presents the steady-state analysis and performance evaluation of an 11-phase induction machine when harmonic injection or a square-wave supply is applied. The magnetising inductance is determined experimentally for each sequence. The rotor parameters are determined experimentally for the fundamental sequence but calculated for other sequences. The machine characteristic curves (torque–speed, torque–current, power factor and efficiency) are used to compare harmonic injection and square-wave excitation. The effect of harmonic injection and a square-wave supply upon the maximum dynamic stability limit is introduced.
Non-intrusive efficiency estimation method for energy auditing and management of in-service induction motor using bacterial foraging algorithm
Model for three-phase induction motors with stator core faults
Comparison of transient and steady-state performances analysis for a dual-channel switched reluctance machine operation under different modes
Ultracapacitors equipped hybrid electric MicroCar
Analysis of magnetic field distribution of a cylindrical discrete Halbach permanent magnet linear generator
Application of linear quadratic regulator theory to the stator field-oriented control of induction motors
Cogging torque suppression in a permanent-magnet flux-switching integrated-starter-generator
Improved dynamic average modelling of brushless excitation system in all rectification modes
Eleven-phase induction machine: steady-state analysis and performance evaluation with harmonic injection
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