Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 7, Issue 15, 29 July 1971
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Volume 7, Issue 15
29 July 1971
Direct-current surface breakdown of porcelain insulators in vacuum at elevated temperatures
- Author(s): H. Gibson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 417 –418
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710282
- Type: Article
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–418
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Porcelain insulators subjected to long-term d.c. stress at temperatures in the region of 100°C have been found to suffer a deterioration in their surface vacuum breakdown strength. The letter details some preliminary investigations into this ‘electrolytic aging’ effect, and, in particular, the effects of voltage reversal are described.
Theory of v.o.r. antenna radiation patterns
- Author(s): D.L. Sengupta
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 418 –420
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710283
- Type: Article
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–420
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The radiation field produced by v.o.r. antennas consisting of Alford loops located above a circular conducting ground plane is investigated theoretically and experimentally. Geometrical theory of diffraction is applied to obtain the theoretical expressions for the far field produced by such an antenna. Within the range of approximation, the agreement between theory and experiment has been found to be very good.
Synthesis of RC networks containing operational amplifiers using flowgraph techniques
- Author(s): I. Cahit and R. Cahit
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 420 –422
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710284
- Type: Article
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–422
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By using Coates's flowgraphs, a new approach to operational-amplifier–RC-network synthesis is given. The general biquadratic voltage transfer function is realised by this method. Furthermore, it is shown by an illustrative example that obtaining any other desirable transfer function directly from this realisation is possible.
Two methods for the construction of transfer functions of digital integrators
- Author(s): R. Vích
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 422 –425
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710285
- Type: Article
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–425
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The letter describes two methods for the construction of digital-integrator transfer functions with an ideal phase characteristic. The first is based on the approximation of the function ln z by means of continued fractions, and the second consists in the approximation based on the principle of the impulse-response invariance. The transfer functions can be approximated to in both cases by nonrecursive transfer functions in the bilateral z transformation.
Calculation of derivatives for parameter estimation
- Author(s): D.Q. Mayne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 425 –426
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710286
- Type: Article
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The letter presents a simple method for the computation of the approximate Hessian Σ{∂ɛk(θ̇)/∂θ}{∂ɛk(θ̇)/∂θ}T of a cost function of the form ½Σɛk2(θ), where θ is an m-dimensional vector of parameters. The method has application to parameter-estimation problems.
High-harmonic content in trapped-plasma-mode oscillators
- Author(s): C.P. Snapp and J.P. Baukus
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 426 –428
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710287
- Type: Article
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–428
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A waveguide-coaxial cavity has enabled efficient trapped-plasma-mode harmonic generation to be extended into the K band. A power of 2 W at 3.8% efficiency was obtained at the 12th harmonic of a 1.67 GHz fundamental. The use of a lamellar grating far-infrared interferometer with a novel gated detection system verified the presence of components up to 40 GHz, a frequency corresponding to three times the normal transit-time frequency.
Electromagnetic surface waves in a metallised ferrite slab
- Author(s): R. Pauchard ; B. Désormière ; J. Guidevaux
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 428 –430
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710288
- Type: Article
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–430
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The propagation of electromagnetic surface waves in a metallised ferrite–dielectric sandwich is described. The computed dispersion curve is found to be critically dependent on the dielectric-slab thickness. The theoretical results are illustrated by measuring the direct and reverse r.f. transmission through a polycrystalline y.i.g. slab as functions of the frequency.
Comment on the speed of binary multiplication using cellular arrays
- Author(s): J.C. Majithia and K.H. Siemens
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 430 –431
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710289
- Type: Article
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–431
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A known recoding algorithm is considered and is shown to yield a speed improvement of approximately 33% for serial multiplication. However, in the case of cellular-array multipliers, such a recoding appears to offer no advantage; instead, it may even result in a speed penalty owing to the sequential nature of the recoding algorithm.
Enumeration of independent meshes of an oriented graph
- Author(s): J. Kollár and K. Lager
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 431 –432
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710290
- Type: Article
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A computer program for the enumeration of independent meshes of an oriented graph is described. The graph can contain any number of separate parts. Any number of meshes may be chosed before the problem is solved.
Nondestructive optical technique for electrically testing insulated-gate integrated circuits
- Author(s): J.M. Keen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 432 –433
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710291
- Type: Article
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A simple nondestructive optical technique for electrically testing insulated-gate integrated circuits and for testing dielectric layers for pinholes and breakdown strength is described using a nematic liquid crystal in the dynamic scattering mode. Good correlation has been obtained between this technique and conventional electrical-probe test results. The technique has also proved particularly useful for fault locating and diagnosis.
Circuit characterisation of waveguide-mounted Gunn-effect oscillators
- Author(s): C.P. Jethwa and R.L. Gunshor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 433 –436
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710292
- Type: Article
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A lumped equivalent circuit is proposed to characterise the load impedance presented to a Gunn device mounted in a waveguide cavity. Using analytical expressions for the elements of the circuit, theoretical predictions for the properties of Gunn oscillators with and without a coupling iris are made, and are compared with experiments.
Cellular multiplier for signed binary numbers
- Author(s): I.D. Deegan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 436 –437
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710293
- Type: Article
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–437
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An algorithm for the multiplication of twos-complement numbers in cellular arrays is described. Its use in a multiplication array is shown.
Three-level transferred-electron effects in InP
- Author(s): H.D. Rees and C. Hilsum
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 437 –438
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710294
- Type: Article
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–438
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Revised estimates of the velocity/field characteristic of InP are made in the light of recent experimental evidence. A limiting oscillator efficiency of about 30% is predicted.
High-level asymptotic variation of transistor base resistance and current gain
- Author(s): D.J. Roulston ; S.G. Chamberlain ; J. Sehgal
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 438 –440
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710295
- Type: Article
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Using a finite-section model for bipolar transistors with current-dependent base resistance and gain, high-current asymptotic variations of base resistance, gain and effective emitter width are studied, and useful analytic formulas are presented.
Computer-aided design of suboptimal feedback controllers using optimal low-order models
- Author(s): G.T. Bereznai and N.K. Sinha
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 440 –442
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710296
- Type: Article
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The fully automated design of optimal or near-optimal feedback controllers is considered for least-pth and minimax cost functions. Solutions are obtained by approximating to the desired optimal output by a rational function. Optimal results for a 2nd-order model and suboptimal responses for the corresponding 7th-order linear system are used to illustrate the method.
Multiplier–divider cellular array
- Author(s): A. Gex
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, p. 442 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710297
- Type: Article
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–444
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A single array performing multiplication or division of two binary numbers is proposed. Implemented with the new t.t.l. 4-bit integrated circuits, it performs these two operations on 16-bit numbers in 640 and 890 ns, respectively.
Erratum: Calculation of piecewise-constant control strategies for linear systems with retarded control
- Author(s): O. Sebakhy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, page: 444 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710298
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Digital simulation of nonlinear dynamic systems using standard FORTRAN
- Author(s): D.E. Hirst
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, page: 444 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710299
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Inclusion of diffusion in the space-charge theory of Kino and Robson
- Author(s): W. Heinle
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, page: 444 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710300
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Determination of aerial far-field radiation patterns from near-field measurements
- Author(s): T. Birand and A. Marinçiç
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 7, Issue 15, page: 444 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19710301
- Type: Article
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