Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 43, Issue 21, 11 October 2007
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 43, Issue 21
11 October 2007
-
- Author(s): S.-H. Hsu and K. Chang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1125 –1126
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072212
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1125
–1126
(2)
A new type of CPW-fed dual-annular-slot antenna operated in the 5.8 GHz band is introduced. Both the inductive and the capacitive configurations are presented. The design considerations of the antennas are discussed. Measurement shows that the antennas have a wide bandwidth of 16% with a peak gain of 5.4 dBi for the inductive configuration and 7.8% with a peak gain of 4 dBi for the capacitive configuration. - Author(s): J. Chen and J. Wang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1126 –1127
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072044
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1126
–1127
(2)
Although the body-of-revolution finite-difference time-domain method has been successfully applied to solve Maxwell's equations for rotationally symmetric structures, the stability condition of this method is inferred empirically. A new stability condition is given, which is derived analytically, and it demonstrates that the empirical stability condition is inaccurate. It is shown that the new stability restriction is weaker than the empirical one.
CPW-fed dual-annular-ring slot antennas
Stability condition for body-of-revolution finite-difference time-domain method
-
- Author(s): U. Yodprasit ; C.C. Enz ; P. Gimmel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1127 –1129
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071413
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1127
–1129
(3)
A simple approach to the realisation of a differential Colpitts oscillator is to connect the grounded capacitor in the feedback network of two single-ended Colpitts oscillators together in series. As the output signals are expected to be differential, it is proved in this Letter that, this is not always the case. In certain circumstances, this topology exhibits a common-mode output signal, or even worse, a combination between differential-mode and common-mode waveforms. Design criteria for avoiding these undesirable oscillating behaviours are derived by considering the start-up characteristic of the oscillator.
Common-mode oscillation in capacitive-coupled differential Colpitts oscillators
-
- Author(s): Z.R. Tsai ; J.D. Hwang ; Y.Z. Chang ; J. Lee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1129 –1130
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071242
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1129
–1130
(2)
To enhance system robustness between system parameters and adaptation law, a supervised adaptive PID control scheme and time-varying fuzzy identifier of unknown nonlinear dither systems are proposed. The dither and the proposed time-varying term can obtain the smooth quality of plant for reducing the rule number of the fuzzy identifier. The supervised adaptive PID control law aims to pull the states back to the pre-specified state region and reduce overshoot towards an extra stabilising input.
Supervised adaptive PID control and time-varying fuzzy identifier of nonlinear dither systems
-
- Author(s): A. Venkateshan ; R. Singh ; K.F. Poole ; J. Harriss ; H. Senter ; R. Teague ; J. Narayan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1130 –1132
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072178
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1130
–1132
(3)
The results of a new method of high-κ dielectric formation are reported. For effective oxide thickness of 0.39 nm, the leakage current density of metal-high-κ-silicon structure is about 1×10−12 A/cm2 for gate voltage from +3 to −3 V. The descriptive statistics and process variation data presented demonstrate that the process is robust and manufacturing tools can be developed without any fundamental barrier.
High-κ gate dielectrics with ultra-low leakage current for sub-45 nm CMOS
-
- Author(s): T. Zhu ; Y.J. Rao ; J.L. Wang ; Y. Song
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1132 –1134
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071568
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1132
–1134
(3)
The strain and temperature characteristics of a novel long-period fibre grating with strongly rotary refractive index change modulation (S-R-LPFG) was investigated, this believed to be for the first time. It was observed that the two split resonant peaks continually separated when the strain was applied to it, and the temperature sensitivities are all 0.07 nm/°C. Such kinds of S-R-LPFG can be used to measure strain by using the wavelength difference between the two split peaks, which do not need temperature compensation because the two peaks shift to the same direction and have the same temperature sensitivity when environmental temperature changes.
Strain sensor without temperature compensation based on LPFG with strongly rotary refractive index modulation
-
- Author(s): D.-O. Kim ; R.-H. Park ; D.-G. Sim
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1134 –1135
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071202
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1134
–1135
(2)
A feature-based visual quality measurement method is presented as a reduced-reference approach. The proposed metric, called the joint feature similarity metric, is based on three types of point features extracted from the edge, planar and corner regions. It can characterise video quality in homogeneous and edge regions simultaneously. The effectiveness of the proposed visual quality assessment algorithm is shown with abundant sets of test video sequences. - Author(s): S.J.C. Davies ; D. Agrafiotis ; C.N. Canagarajah ; D.R. Bull
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1135 –1137
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071901
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1135
–1137
(3)
A gaze location prediction model is presented for open signed broadcast video based on actual eye tracking data with fluent British sign language users. The model is used for formulating a variable quality coding approach of such video which is shown to be capable of offering up to 30% reduction in bit rate with little or no discernible effect on the understanding or viewing experience, as suggested by the results of a subjective evaluation by sign language viewers. - Author(s): J.-H. Ahn and J.-H. Oh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1137 –1138
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071643
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1137
–1138
(2)
Unsupervised image morphing is a very challenging task in machine learning, whereas it is relatively easy and common for the human brain. Even a simple deformation of an object such as a translation or scaling operation follows a complex curved trace in a high-dimensional image space. The learning of such a complex curved manifold needs human assistance or sufficiently dense intermediate data points. Presented is a novel transformation framework with which a curved manifold describing the deformation of images turns into a simple linear structure in the transformed space. Therefore, image morphing can be achieved by simple linear superposition using the conjugate image representation.
Joint feature-based visual quality assessment
Perceptually optimised coding of open signed video based on gaze prediction
Unsupervised morphing by conjugate image processing
-
- Author(s): E.J. Ferreira ; R.C.T. Pereira ; A.C.B. Delbem ; O.N. Oliveira ; L.H.C. Mattoso
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1138 –1140
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071182
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1138
–1140
(3)
Electronic tongue (ET) systems based on nanostructured films and impedance spectroscopy have been successful in detecting trace amounts of impurities in water and distinguishing similar complex liquids, such as different wines and coffees. There is now the challenge to correlate the electrical response from an ET to taste as assessed by human experts. Employed is a hybrid regression approach based on the random subspace method and principal components analysis to predict the global quality of coffees. A high correlation between predicted scores and those assigned by expert tasters was obtained, which is represented by a Pearson coefficient of 0.964.
Random subspace method for analysing coffee with electronic tongue
-
- Author(s): R. Rodríguez-Montañés ; D. Arumí ; J. Figueras ; S. Eichenberger ; C. Hora ; B. Kruseman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1140 –1142
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072117
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1140
–1142
(3)
Interconnecting lines with full open defects become floating lines. In nanometric CMOS technologies, gate tunnelling leakage currents impact the behaviour of these lines, which cannot be considered electrically isolated anymore. The voltage of the floating node is determined by its neighbours and leakage currents. After some time an equilibrium is reached between these effects. Theoretical analysis and experimental evidence of this behaviour are presented. - Author(s): H. Xu ; H.-J. Kim ; H. Kim ; W.-S. Chung
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1142 –1143
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071848
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1142
–1143
(2)
A method of small signal modelling for the Smart power IC is presented. The method is based on the IC's typical operational characteristics and small signal frequency response data. Using the least square identification, the IC's dynamic model, which was expressed as the transfer function, was synthesised from the gain and phase data from the experiment were obtained. The effectiveness and practicality of the method were verified through experiments.
Impact of gate tunnelling leakage on CMOS circuits with full open defects
Small signal modelling of Smart power IC
-
- Author(s): T. Sato ; M. Mitsuhara ; Y. Kondo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1143 –1145
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072257
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1143
–1145
(3)
An emission wavelength of 2.33 µm in an InAs/InGaAs multiplequantum-well laser grown by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy is reported. The laser had an output power above 10 mW under continuous-wave operation at temperatures between 15 and 45°C. High-temperature operation up to 50°C and a characteristic temperature of 51 K were also confirmed. - Author(s): D. Byrne ; W.H. Guo ; R. Phelan ; Q.Y. Lu ; J.F. Donegan ; B. Corbett
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1145 –1146
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072016
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1145
–1146
(2)
The Fourier series expansion method is used to measure the linewidth enhancement factor of an InGaAlAs Fabry-Pérot semiconductor laser from the below-threshold amplified spontaneous emission spectrum. It is shown that using this method, the linewidth enhancement factor can be obtained independently of the resolution bandwidth of the optical spectrum analyser.
2.33 µm-wavelength InAs/InGaAs multiple-quantum-well lasers grown by MOVPE
Measurement of linewidth enhancement factors for InGaAlAs laser diode by Fourier series expansion method
-
- Author(s): P.K. Grimes ; O.G. King ; G. Yassin ; M.E. Jones
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1146 –1148
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071649
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1146
–1148
(3)
The design and test results of a compact C-band orthomode transducer are presented. The transducer comprises four rectangular probes orthogonally arranged in a circular waveguide, designed to work in the WG13 band. Measurements of the system in the frequency range 4.64–7.05 GHz agree very well with simulation results and show a cross-polarisation level below −58 dB, a return loss of about −20 dB, and an insertion loss difference of less than 0.18 dB between the orthogonal polarisation modes across the full waveguide band. - Author(s): C.-W. Tang ; C.-W. Shen ; C.-C. Tseng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1148 –1149
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071460
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1148
–1149
(2)
With two pairs of asymmetrical feeding short-circuit coupled lines, a multilayered broadband bandpass filter is proposed and constructed. To enhance the selectivity of the passband, two pairs of coupled lines need to be properly connected with both inductive and capacitive coupling to generate two transmission zeros at both sides of the passband skirts. Measured results show a bandwidth ratio of the passband of more than 44.6% when its centre frequency is 3.875 GHz. - Author(s): C.-W. Tang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1149 –1151
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071921
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1149
–1151
(3)
A new method for implementing the multilayered filter is proposed. By properly controlling the behaviour of the coupling, two transmission zeros can be located at the same, lower or higher side of the passband's skirt. Moreover, measurements of fabricated examples match well with the electromagnetic simulation, which validates the proposed structure. - Author(s): L. Burgnies ; G. Vélu ; K. Blary ; J.-C. Carru ; D. Lippens
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1151 –1152
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071996
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1151
–1152
(2)
A TRL-multiline de-embedding technique for the determination of the electrical parameters of interdigitated varactors over a broad centimetre–millimetre band is proposed. The method is applied to voltage-controlled ferroelectric (BaSrTiO3) varactors, which exhibit almost constant frequency dependence of the capacitance (ɛr∼300) from 10 to 60 GHz. The capacitance ratio is ∼2 for a 30 V bias offset, and the quality factor is of the order 10 at 30 V. - Author(s): I. Gil ; F. Martın ; X. Rottenberg ; W. De Raedt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1153 –1154
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072164
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1153
–1154
(2)
Presented for the first time is a metamaterial transmission line that combines complementary split ring resonators (CSRRs) and RF microelectromechanical systems (RF-MEMS). The device consists on a coplanar waveguide structure loaded in its central strip with CSRRs embedding RF-MEMS variable capacitors. Owing to the presence of the CSRRs, the structure behaves as a stop-band filter. Through the actuation of the electrostatic RF-MEMS devices, the electrical characteristics of the CSRRs are modified so that their resonance frequency, and as a result the central frequency of the stop-band filter, can be tuned. This is the first time that an RF-MEMS tunable metamaterial-based filter has been designed for operation at Q-band. - Author(s): C.-H. Tseng and C.-L. Chang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1154 –1156
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071759
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1154
–1156
(3)
A wide-band balun is developed using a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) at 2 GHz. It is composed of a Wilkinson power divider and two phase-adjusting transmission lines, namely the CRLH TL and the conventional TL. The input reflection coefficient is better than −10 dB from 1 to 4 GHz. Over the frequency range of 1.24–3.58 GHz, an amplitude imbalance of less than 0.7 dB and a phase error of less than±10° have been experimentally demonstrated.
Compact broadband planar orthomode transducer
Design of multilayered broadband bandpass filter with LTCC technology
Development of LTCC bandpass filters with transmission zeros
Tunability of ferroelectric varactors up to 60 GHz
Tunable stop-band filter at Q-band based on RF-MEMS metamaterials
Wide-band balun using composite right/left-handed transmission line
-
- Author(s): L.F. Zang and G.B. Rowe
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1156 –1157
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071530
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1156
–1157
(2)
In the existing mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) literature the vast majority of simulation studies that investigate routing protocol performance use a simplistic radio channel model, based on a two-ray ground-reflected path, and ignore both fast and slow fading. Reported are results from the first phase of an investigation into the use of a more realistic channel model, which incorporates the slow (lognormal) fading typically found in both outdoor and indoor mobile radio channels. The significance of the results are that they show previous papers may have significantly underestimated the radio path loss, thereby overestimating the performance of particular routing protocols.
Improved modelling for mobile Ad-hoc networks
-
- Author(s): Z. Zhao ; J. Yuan ; J. Shang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1157 –1159
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071014
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1157
–1159
(3)
It is proved that tamed frequency modulation (TFM) is a phase-separable continuous phase modulation (CPM) signal, and its equivalence principle is deduced. A TFM demodulator with parameters M, L, h is equivalent to a CPM demodulator with parameters M1=5, L1=1, h1=h/3.
Separable TFM signal and its equivalence principle
-
- Author(s): X. Liu ; C. Yu ; X. Xin ; Q. Zhang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1159 –1160
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071812
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1159
–1160
(2)
Because of their good properties of correlation and security, chaotic sequences have aroused considerable interest in radio CDMA systems. How to generate chaotic sequences and apply them to optical CDMA systems is an interesting and new research topic. A chaotic sequence generator has been designed using Mach-Zehnder interferometers the arm lengths of which are some special values. This generator can generate analogue chaotic sequences which satisfy the Chebyshev map. It can also be used as an encoder of optical CDMA systems to enhance security. - Author(s): K. Thakulsukanant and S. Yu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1160 –1162
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071303
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1160
–1162
(3)
Novel optical hybrid multicast mode operation has been successfully demonstrated using an active vertical coupler optical crosspoint switch matrix. A fibre delay line has been used to recirculate optical packages, and the OXS matrix provides three parallel output copies in each recirculation or time slot. Nine output copies have been obtained in only three time slots and shorter delay lines, which exceeds the scale of parallel multicast mode operation and has shorter differential delay than serial multicast mode operation.
Generator of optical chaotic sequences
Hybrid multicast mode based on active vertical coupler optical crosspoint switch matrix
-
- Author(s): B. Aslan ; D.J. Lockwood ; Z.R. Wasilewski ; H.C. Liu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1162 –1164
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20072025
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1162
–1164
(3)
A report is presented on the observation of hole excitations in unintentionally p-doped self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots by resonant Raman spectroscopy. The small difference in the valence intraband energy values obtained by Raman and PL spectra is explained by the Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes. However, the reason why the maximum resonance occurs at a slightly higher energy than that of the hole excitation seen in Raman spectra is unknown.
Electronic Raman scattering from holes in InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dots
-
- Author(s): A. Jakobsson ; M.G. Christensen ; S.H. Jensen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 43, Issue 21, p. 1164 –1165
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20071738
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1164
–1165
(2)
Proposed is a frequency selective (FS) subspace-based method for determining the model order. A study is made of its performance when applied to estimating the number of sinusoids in white noise. Employing an FS-version of the ESPRIT algorithm, the recent ESTER model order estimation algorithm is extended to allow for the model order estimation on a frequency subset.
Frequency selective sinusoidal order estimation
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article
