Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 42, Issue 5, 2 March 2006
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 42, Issue 5
2 March 2006
Editorial
- Author(s): Maria Petrou
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, page: 253 –253
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20060386
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
253
(1)
-
- Author(s): A. Blake
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 254 –256
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20060349
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
254
–256
(3)
A research roadmap to many of the best known, and most used, contributions to visual tracking is set out. The scope includes simple appearance models, active contours and spatiotemporal filtering, and briefly points to important further topics in tracking.
Invited Letter: Visual tracking: a very short research roadmap
-
- Author(s): P. Hui ; C.G. Hynes ; J.V. Wonterghem ; D.G. Michelson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 257 –258
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063956
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
257
–258
(2)
An analytical expression is given for the 3D autocorrelation coefficient of a half-wavelength dipole antenna as a function of spatial separation in an isotropic scattering environment. Results are verified experimentally through measurements conducted in antenna anechoic chambers. The results closely match previously published work based upon measurements collected in a typical indoor mobile communication environment. It is recommended that the 3D autocorrelation coefficient model be used to gauge diversity antenna measurement systems. - Author(s): S. Gao ; Y. Qin ; A. Sambell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 258 –260
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064020
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
258
–260
(3)
A broadband circularly polarised (CP) high efficiency active antenna is presented, where the antenna is integrated directly with a high efficiency class-E power amplifier (PA). The printed antenna is employed not only as a broadband CP radiator but also as a harmonics-termination load network for the class-E PA. Measured results demonstrate broadband CP radiation and high efficiency. - Author(s): A.A. Deshmukh and G. Kumar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 260 –261
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064194
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
260
–261
(2)
A compact and broadband stacked S-shaped microstrip antenna with corner shorted square microstrip antenna is proposed. A broadband slotted S-shaped microstrip antenna is also proposed which does not require any parasitic patches. - Author(s): B. Fuchs ; O. Lafond ; S. Rondineau ; M. Himdi ; L. Le Coq
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 261 –263
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063493
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
261
–263
(3)
A new inhomogeneous lens, made up of three hemispherical shells, is proposed. By approximating the Maxwell fish-eye law, this gradient index lens exhibits interesting focusing properties. A prototype of this lens fed by a waveguide has been measured in the 76–81 GHz band, showing an average gain of 21.7 dBi. - Author(s): H.-W. Son ; G.-Y. Choi ; C.-S. Pyo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 263 –265
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064323
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
263
–265
(3)
A low-cost wideband antenna for radio frequency identification (RFID) tags mountable on metallic surfaces is presented. A novel proximity-coupled feed structure, in which the direction of the microstrip feedline is orthogonal to that of the resonant length of the radiating patch, is explored to perform simple and wideband impedance matching between an antenna and a tag chip without any additional matching networks. The proposed design is verified by simulation and measurement, which show good agreement. - Author(s): K.R. Boyle and P.J. Massey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 265 –266
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20060061
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
265
–266
(2)
A physically and electrically small system of antennas, installed at the top of a ‘monoblock’ or ‘bar’ phone, is presented. The antennas cover nine bands — five cellular bands, the GPS and Bluetooth/WiFi bands and two future mobile TV bands. - Author(s): G.A. Mavridis ; J.N. Sahalos ; M.T. Chryssomallis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 266 –268
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063994
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
266
–268
(3)
A two-branch diversity antenna using a simple printed dual band double-T monopole and operating at 2.4 and 5.2 GHz in the ISM band is presented. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been constructed and tested. The measured results are in good agreement with the computed ones from simulation, while the antenna has favourable characteristics such as reduced size and extended bandwidth. - Author(s): J.-S. Kuo and C.-Y. Huang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 268 –270
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064236
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
268
–270
(3)
A novel side-feed planar monopole antenna capable of triple-frequency operation at about 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz is presented. The planar monopole antenna occupies a small area of 6×31 mm, and is easily made using thin copper. The planar monopole antenna can be side-fed and mounted perpendicularly to the main circuit board of a communication device so that it offers a novel design with a free degree of feed point so as to save device space, resulting in a low profile to the system ground plane. In addition, the obtained impedance bandwidths of the proposed antenna at about 900, 1800 and 1900 MHz can cover the GSM (890–960 MHz), DCS (1710–1880 MHz) and PCS (1850–1990 MHz) bands.
3D autocorrelation coefficients of dipole antenna
Broadband circularly polarised high efficiency active antenna
Compact broadband S-shaped microstrip antennas
Design and characterisation of half-Maxwell fish-eye lens antenna in 76–81 GHz band
Design of wideband RFID tag antenna for metallic surfaces
Nine-band antenna system for mobile phones
Spatial diversity two-branch antenna for wireless devices
Triple-frequency planar monopole antenna for side-feed communication device on GSM/DCS/PCS operation
-
- Author(s): F. Argüello
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 270 –271
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063980
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
270
–271
(2)
An algorithm for computing multiplicative inverses in Galois fields GF(2m) is presented. It is based on Lehmer's algorithm for computing the greatest common divisor of two integers. The algorithm is designed to be advantageous for Galois fields of large size.
Lehmer-based algorithm for computing inverses in Galois fields GF(2m)
-
- Author(s): C.A. Villarruel ; C.S. McDermitt ; F. Bucholtz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 271 –273
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064360
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
271
–273
(3)
A novel microstructure fibre array (MFA), comprising multiple singlemode fibre waveguides reduced to an overall diameter of approximately 30 µm is reported. When used in conjunction with a single photodetector, the array facilitates the efficient and stable electrical summation of a number of RF-modulated optical signals with minimal optical interference effects. The reported MFA has optical insertion loss less than 0.1 dB. An RF filter based on the array exhibits less than 0.4 dB optical insertion loss and excellent temporal stability. - Author(s): K. Lee ; S. Fleming ; J.L. Blows
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 273 –274
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064408
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
273
–274
(2)
Long lengths of fibre with a single internal electrode and electrically conductive coating incorporated during the fibre draw have been previously reported. Now, thermal poling of this fibre creating a permanent electro-optic effect is reported. Also, the fabrication methods employed for this fibre provide a unique opportunity to investigate further the mechanism of thermal poling. - Author(s): P. Childs and G.D. Peng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 274 –276
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064447
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
274
–276
(3)
Eight carrier modulated gratings having the same Bragg wavelength but different carrier frequencies were multiplexed together. The gratings were interrogated and the resultant measurements were processed in such a way to separate out the measurand induced changes of each of the differing carrier components corresponding to each sensor grating. The worst-case scenario for measurement error and crosstalk is investigated.
Microstructure fibre array for RF photonic signal processing applications
Poling of single electrode fibre with polyimide conductive coating and investigation of poling mechanism
Simultaneous detection of eight spectrally overlapping carrier modulated fibre Bragg gratings
-
- Author(s): R. Liang and G.J. Clapworthy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 276 –277
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063924
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
276
–277
(2)
Previous work on cutaway has mainly been aimed at showing the presence of the interior objects, and the cut shape has been considerably less important than the visibility of the interior objects. Proposed is a novel approach to cutting a hole of a specific shape in a surface. The user first defines the required shape on the surface; the algorithm then superimposes the shape on the surface and implements the cutaway. Jittering problems associated with the boundary generated by the above steps are resolved and experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Real-time specific shape cutaway
-
- Author(s): N. Yan and H. Min
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 277 –279
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063662
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
277
–279
(3)
A high performance all-PMOS charge pump for low-voltage operations is proposed. According to the simulation results, the output voltage and power efficiency are improved by factors of 97 and 75.33% at 2 MHz for a power supply voltage of 1.5V, respectively, compared to conventional topology. A 12-stage charge pump circuit is implemented and measured to show good agreement. - Author(s): L. Forbes ; M. Mudrow ; W. Wanalertlak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 279 –280
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063803
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
279
–280
(2)
Analysis of the effects of thermal noise in nanoscale memories is presented. A theoretical analysis of thermal noise is used to predict the number of bit errors per year caused by thermal noise.
High efficiency all-PMOS charge pump for low-voltage operations
Thermal noise and bit error rate limits in nanoscale memories
-
- Author(s): R. Iga ; Y. Kondo ; T. Takeshita ; K. Kishi ; M. Yuda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 280 –282
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064255
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
280
–282
(3)
A directly modulated 1.3 µm InGaAsP DFB laser with a simple buried structure using Ru-doped semi-insulating InP is presented. The high relaxation oscillation frequency of 10 GHz was obtained at 95°C. Clear eye openings under 10 Gbit/s direct modulation were achieved from 0 to 100°C. - Author(s): M.A. Wistey ; S.R. Bank ; H.P. Bae ; H.B. Yuen ; E.R. Pickett ; L.L. Goddard ; J.S. Harris
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 282 –283
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064455
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
282
–283
(2)
Electrically pumped, C-band vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) grown on GaAs are reported for the first time. The VCSELs employed three GaInNAsSb quantum wells separated by GaNAs barriers. Pulsed lasing was observed at 1534 nm, in the ITU C-band, when cooled. These lasers exhibit the longest wavelength reported to date for electrically pumped VCSELs grown on GaAs substrates.
100°C 10 Gbit/s directly modulated InGaAsP DFB lasers with Ru-doped semi-insulating buried heterostructure
GaInNAsSb/GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers at 1534 nm
-
- Author(s): Y. Okamoto ; A. Wakejima ; Y. Ando ; T. Nakayama ; K. Matsunaga ; H. Miyamoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 283 –285
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064067
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
283
–285
(3)
A single-chip GaN-FET amplifier exhibits record output powers of C-band solid-state amplifiers under continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed operation conditions. At 5.0 GHz, the developed GaN-FET amplifier with 24 mm gate periphery delivered a CW 100 W output power with 12.9 dB linear gain and 31% power-added efficiency and a pulsed 155 W output power with 13.0 dB linear gain. - Author(s): G. Avitabile ; F. Cannone ; M. Capodiferro ; L. Carella ; N. Lofù
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 285 –286
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064071
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
285
–286
(2)
A new distributed voltage controlled oscillator (DVCO) is presented. The proposed topology allows a very wide tuning range VCO and fine–coarse tuning. The design of a prototype DVCO is discussed and measurements are reported showing improved performance in terms of phase noise, tuning range and power consumption. - Author(s): C.-W. Tang and S.-F. You
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 286 –288
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064104
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
286
–288
(3)
The miniaturised wide stopband rejected microstrip filter is proposed. In order to cause the wide stopband suppression, coupled spur-lines are taken into consideration for the newly proposed bandpass filter. The coupled spur-lines can provide an attenuation pole at the second harmonic to enhance the suppression and broaden the stopband. Design methods are also introduced, and the measurement of the fabricated example is presented for validating the filter configuration. - Author(s): J. Park ; J.P. Kim ; S. Nam
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 288 –289
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064087
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
288
–289
(2)
A network model of a patch loaded slotline (PLS) is proposed for the efficient design of related microwave circuits. The unit model is established by combining the network model for a slotline-to-microstrip transition with the equivalent circuits for microstrip step-discontinuities and open-ends. Therefore, this model is useful for the analysis of periodic PLS structures only by cascading it with a uniform slotline. To validate it, the computed results are compared with the EM simulated and measured ones, and they are shown to give good agreement in a wide frequency range.
100 W C-band single-chip GaN FET power amplifier
Coarse–fine, wideband distributed voltage controlled oscillator for wireless applications
Miniaturised wide stopband rejected microstrip filter with coupled spur-lines
Network modelling of periodic patch loaded slotline
-
- Author(s): S.A. Leyonhjelm and M. Faulkner
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 289 –291
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063819
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
289
–291
(3)
Three digital interpolation designs, conventional time domain interpolation, circular time domain interpolation and frequency domain interpolation, for use in orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) transmitters are presented. They are compared in terms of the amount of inter-symbol interference (ISI) they produce and their computational complexity. The results show that both the circular time domain and frequency domain interpolation designs produce the lowest ISI while the circular time domain interpolation design is the most computationally efficient technique. - Author(s): A.G. Dempster
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 291 –292
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064410
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
291
–292
(2)
Dilution of precision relates position accuracy to measurement accuracy. An expression for positions determined by measuring the angle-of-arrival of radio signals is evaluated. - Author(s): R.M. Radaydeh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 293 –294
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20060080
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
293
–294
(2)
Presented is a simple tight upper-bound and quite accurate expression for the average bit error probability of coherent M-ary orthogonal signals over generalised fading channels. The derived expression is applicable for various diversity combining techniques, and it includes the cases in which the diversity branches are arbitrarily correlated, non-identically distributed, and/or following any fading distribution. The results clarify the tightness of the derived expression, and illustrate the impacts of non-identical and correlated branches on the system power performance.
Comparison of three interpolator designs for use in OFDM transmitters
Dilution of precision in angle-of-arrival positioning systems
Simple approximate expression for error performance of coherent M-ary orthogonal signals in generalised fading channels
-
- Author(s): H. Hu ; J. Pei ; L.F. Pan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 294 –295
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063950
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
294
–295
(2)
A new type of M-ary (M>2) RLL codes called M-ary even nonzero symbol and run-length limited (ENSRLL) codes is proposed. The finite-state transition-diagram and the Shannon capacity of M-ary (d, k)ENSRLL codes are presented. Furthermore, a highly efficient 6-ary (1, 6)ENSRLL code is constructed using the sliding-block (ACH) algorithm. The proposed code has the virtue of a simple coding table and a decoder with sliding window of length 2. - Author(s): C. Jégo and P. Adde
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 296 –298
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064198
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
296
–298
(3)
A row–column parallel architecture of a turbo decoder dedicated to product codes is presented. This architecture enables simultaneous decoding of the row and the column of a block. The performance of the proposed row–column parallel turbo decoder is similar to that of a conventional turbo decoder. However, this new architecture reduces the decoding latency by a factor of two. Moreover, the memory necessary for the block reconstruction between row decoding and column decoding is removed.
M-ary even nonzero symbol and run-length limited code for multilevel read only memory
Row–column parallel turbo decoding of product codes
-
- Author(s): J.H. Lee ; C.H. Kim ; Y.-G. Han ; S.B. Lee ; T. Nagashima ; T. Hasegawa ; S. Ohara ; N. Sugimoto ; K. Kikuchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 298 –299
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064383
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
298
–299
(2)
The implementation of a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) free, optical fibre phase conjugator by use of only 1 m length of fabricated bismuth oxide-based nonlinear fibre (Bi-NLF), has been experimentally demonstrated. A high OSNR phase-conjugated signal was readily achieved owing to the unique properties of the Bi-NLF such as an ultra-high χ(3) nonlinearity and a high SBS threshold although no SBS suppression scheme was employed. Using the phase conjugator, error-free transmission of the signal is readily achieved over a 150 km SMF link. - Author(s): E. Wong ; K.-L. Lee ; T. Anderson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 299 –301
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20060097
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
299
–301
(3)
A novel scheme facilitating self-seeding reflective semiconductor optical amplifiers as colourless upstream transmitters in a low-cost WDM-PON solution, eliminating centralised broadband sources and active temperature control, is experimentally demonstrated. A single passive broadband filter is used to reflect broadband ASE light from all transmitters for self-seeding. Direct modulation of the incoherent upstream channels shows no significant penalty after 21 km of transmission. - Author(s): K. Takiguchi ; T. Shibata ; H. Takahashi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 301 –302
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064295
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
301
–302
(2)
An integrated-optic encoder/decoder with a spread factor of 48 hasbeen fabricated for time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical CDMA (the largest number reported for this CDMA). A 2.5 Gbit/s transmission, with plural users using the devices, has been carried out.
Bismuth nonlinear fibre-based optical phase conjugator without SBS-induced efficiency limitation and its application to dispersion compensation in transmission link
Low-cost WDM passive optical network with directly-modulated self-seeding reflective SOA
Time-spreading/wavelength-hopping OCDMA experiment using PLC encoder/decoder with large spread factor
-
- Author(s): J.-Y. Kim ; J.-M. Kang ; T.-Y. Kim ; S.-K. Han
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 303 –304
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063501
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
303
–304
(2)
All-optical composite logic gates with XOR, NOR, OR and NAND functions using a parallel semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structure that enables simultaneous operations of various logic functions have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The proposed scheme is robust and feasible for high-speed all-optical logic operation with high extinction ratio.
10 Gbit/s all-optical composite logic gates with XOR, NOR, OR and NAND functions using SOA-MZI structures
-
- Author(s): J. Salaet ; A. Gilabert ; J. Bordonau ; S. Alepuz ; A. Cano ; L.M. Gimeno
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 304 –306
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064495
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
304
–306
(3)
A new method for guaranteeing the capacitor voltage balance in a three-level AC/DC single-phase converter is presented. Using a nonlinear control loop and combinations of redundant switching functions, the capacitor charge balance for any power factor is achieved. Experimental results validate the performance of this proposal.
Nonlinear control of neutral point in three-level single-phase converter by means of switching redundant states
-
- Author(s): I.M. Mason ; J.H. Cloete ; W. van Brakel ; J.E. Hargreaves
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 306 –307
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063839
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
306
–307
(2)
Guided electromagnetic wave pulses were excited on long, thin conducting wires in water-filled, uncased boreholes by a VHF monostatic borehole radar. Reverberations were recorded at the excitation point. Spectral warping focused the dispersed echoes in space-time. Echo patterns are correlated with geological and geotechnical structures, e.g. bedding plane intersections.
Electromagnetic reverberation at VHF on wires in uncased water-filled boreholes
-
- Author(s): D. Liu ; M. Hudait ; Y. Lin ; H. Kim ; S.A. Ringel ; W. Lu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 307 –309
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063553
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
307
–309
(3)
An In0.53Ga0.47As/InAs0.3P0.7 composite channel high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) structure was grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Room-temperature Hall measurement showed that the device wafer had an electron mobility of 7300 cm2/V s and a sheet electron density of 3×1012 cm−2. The fabricated HEMT devices with a gate length of 0.25 µm exhibited excellent DC and microwave performance with a peak extrinsic transconductance of 888.3 mS/mm, a cutoff frequency (fT) of 115 GHz, and a maximum frequency of oscillation of 137 GHz. This is believed to be the first report of InGaAs/InAsP composite channel HEMTs. The fT is the highest ever reported for any composite channel HEMTs with the same gate length. - Author(s): K.C. Jang ; S.W. Kim ; J.H. Lee ; K.S. Seo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 309 –310
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063872
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
309
–310
(2)
An offset wide-recessed In0.49GaP/Al0.45GaAs barrier enhancement-mode p-HEMT (E-pHEMT) with high drain current density has been developed. Achieving high gate-turn-on voltage and reducing source access resistance (RS) were the aims for the high current density E-pHEMT. The wide bandgap Al0.45GaAs barrier enabled the application of high VGS to the gate. RS was reduced by using an In0.49GaP etch stop layer with low surface defect density and reducing the source to gate spacing (LSG). An offset wide-recess to the E-pHEMT was applied to enhance breakdown voltage without increasing RS. The offset wide-recessed 0.5 µm gate E-pHEMT showed a drain current density of 440 mA/mm at VGS=1.5 V and an off-state breakdown voltage of over 21 V.
In0.53Ga0.47As/InAs0.3P0.7 composite channel high electron mobility transistors
Offset wide-recessed In0.49GaP/Al0.45GaAs barrier E-pHEMT with high current density
-
- Author(s): T.T. Yang and W.B. Mikhael
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 310 –312
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20064338
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
310
–312
(3)
Block independent component analysis (ICA) algorithms are used to perform simultaneously two important radio receiver functionalities, namely, image rejection and carrier frequency offset compensation. For diversity wireless receivers, the proposed technique results in a simplified analogue front-end, because the two tasks are implemented digitally at baseband. Simulations are performed using two block ICA algorithms. Results confirm the effectiveness of the presented method.
Practical technique for joint image rejection and carrier frequency offset compensation for diversity wireless receivers
-
- Author(s): H. Xu ; Z.-H. Tan ; P. Dalsgaard ; B. Lindberg
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 42, Issue 5, p. 312 –314
- DOI: 10.1049/el:20063884
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
312
–314
(3)
With the aim of improving noise robustness of speech recognition an approach that exploits the variance information in spectral sub-bands is presented. The variance based features are used in combination with the normally used Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC), and experimental results show that the combined features outperform MFCC alone, perceptual linear prediction features and entropy based features.
Exploitation of spectral variance to improve robustness in speech recognition
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article