Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 4, Issue 19, 20 September 1968
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Volume 4, Issue 19
20 September 1968
Vacuum breakdown at a ceramic surface in a microwave cavity
- Author(s): F.S. Chute and G.B. Walker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 395 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680313
- Type: Article
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p.
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–396
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A series of tests on titanium dioxide (titania) is reported. A surface breakdown strength in excess of 60 kV/cm was established. A bond, formed by evaporating a thin film of aluminium onto the titania surface, proved successful in eliminating breakdown initiated at metal-ceramic contacts.
Fourier, Laplace and Hilbert transforms
- Author(s): S.C. Kak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 396 –397
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680314
- Type: Article
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p.
396
–397
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For a simple evaluation of the Hilbert transform, iterated Fourier- or Laplace-transform schemes have been suggested. In this letter, an alternative iterated transform scheme, more general than the one previously reported, has been put forward.
Varactor harmonic-generator chain as a pump source for a parametric amplifier
- Author(s): C.D. Corbey ; R. Davies ; B.H. Newton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 397 –398
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680315
- Type: Article
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p.
397
–398
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This letter gives the results of experiments on the pumping of an X band nondegenerate parametric amplifier with a Q band varactor harmonic-generator chain. It is shown that care must be taken to ensure efficient filtering in the first stage of the chain, and methods are given to obviate spurious responses in the tuning range of the parametric amplifier caused by additional harmonics from the solid-state pump source mixing in the varactor diode of the parametric amplifier.
Computation of polar diagrams from paraboloidal reflector aerials with systematic deformations
- Author(s): P. Miller
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 398 –400
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680316
- Type: Article
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p.
398
–400
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Observations on a large paraboloidal aerial at X band have shown that small systematic deformations can produce large sidelobes. This letter shows how polar diagrams for such aerials may be computed.
Method of testing the quality of bars of single-crystal yttrium-iron garnet
- Author(s): C.F. Vasile and R. la Rosa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 400 –402
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680317
- Type: Article
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400
–402
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A direct method for measuring the linewidth and testing the quality of bars of single-crystal yttrium-iron garnet used in microwave delay lines is described. The technique represents a method of optimising the conventional magnetostatic delay line.
Noise in germanium double-injection space-charge-limited diodes
- Author(s): J.H. Liao
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 402 –403
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680318
- Type: Article
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p.
402
–403
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Experimental evidence is presented to support van der Ziel's theory of noise in double-injection s.c.l. diodes. Good agreement is found with the theoretical predictions for a germanium double-injection s.c.l. diode.
Wire calorimeter for absolute and accurate laser-power measurements
- Author(s): R. Nowicki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 404 –405
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680319
- Type: Article
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p.
404
–405
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A calorimeter, acting in a self-balancing bridge circuit and designed for absolute measurements of radiation power from continuous-wave lasers, is described. The calorimeter contains a wire-cone absorber with an effective absorptivity of 99.5±0.2%. The arrangement, consisting of a d.c. bridge, a galvanometer amplifier and a transistor current regulator, is suitable for absolute-power measurements in the range 30μW to 30mW with an accuracy of within 1%.
Ring-and-line-focus electron beams from a glow-discharge gun
- Author(s): G.G. Isaacs
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 405 –406
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680320
- Type: Article
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p.
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–406
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Electron guns have been developed in which a high-voltage cold-cathode discharge, at low pressure, generates an electron beam. By shaping the cathode, the beam may be focused in a particular contour. For example guns operating at 3kW at 15kV have been designed to focus in an annular ring or in a line.
Microcircuit learning nets: some tests with handwritten numerals
- Author(s): I. Aleksander and R.C. Albrow
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 406 –407
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680321
- Type: Article
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p.
406
–407
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Networks of adaptive-logic circuits which recognise patterns after being ‘taught’ by an operator have been studied. The letter describes the way in which the performance of such networks may be estimated from a knowledge of the statistical characteristics of the patterns. Results obtained with hand-printed numerals are discussed.
Laser-emission noise and voltage noise of GaAs c.w. laser diodes
- Author(s): G. Guekos and M.J.O. Strutt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 408 –409
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680322
- Type: Article
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p.
408
–409
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The statistical intensity fluctuations (noise) of the total light output from c.w. GaAs laser diodes operated above the lasing threshold at 77°K have been measured as a function of the diode current. The noise voltage appearing across the laser diode has also been measured for diode currents above the lasing threshold.
Electronic/fluidic interface switch
- Author(s): R.J.A. Paul and M.H. Lorenz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 409 –410
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680323
- Type: Article
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p.
409
–410
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An electronic/fluidic switch operating on the corona discharge principle has been successfully tested. An electrical signal of 3kV passing a current of 0.1A was found sufficient to switch a turbulence amplifier from the fully on to the fully off mode.
Three-terminal GaAs light emitter-modulator device
- Author(s): F.P. Califano and M.C. Steele
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 411 –412
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680324
- Type: Article
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p.
411
–412
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The three-terminal GaAs device which previously showed c.w. microwave oscillations has now been used as a light emitter-modulator. Depending on the external circuit, light emission can occur during all the r.f. cycle or during only part of it. At present, the amplitude modulation of the emitted light has been limited to a frequency of 100MHz; at 1GHz, the effect has been indirectly observed.
Characterisation of arbitrary media in fields
- Author(s): J.R. James
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 412 –414
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680325
- Type: Article
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p.
412
–414
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An obstacle in a field may be uniquely defined by a linear operator, provided that its constituent media are time-invariant, linear and passive. The properties, measurement and uses of this operator are discussed, and examples are given.
Direct-coupled resonator filters with improved selectivity
- Author(s): B. Easter and K.J. Powell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 415 –416
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680326
- Type: Article
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p.
415
–416
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A method is outlined whereby a narrow-band direct-coupled resonator filter may be derived from an elliptic-function low-pass prototype. The construction and performance of a three-resonator waveguide cavity filter designed on this basis is described.
Reduction of order of linear state equations
- Author(s): R.F. Brown
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 416 –417
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680327
- Type: Article
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p.
416
–417
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A method is proposed for calculating time-varying coefficients of a low-order linear model which approximately describes the behaviour of a known high-order linear plant. In the expression obtained for the coefficients, use is made of the covariance matrix of the combined state and control vectors obtained from a simulation of the response of the high-order plant to random-signal inputs. The procedure is based on an approximate minimisation of the difference between the time rate of change of the variables of the low-order model and of the high-order plant.
Transition-matrix construction for pseudorandom binary-sequence generators
- Author(s): M.T.G. Hughes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 417 –419
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680328
- Type: Article
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p.
417
–419
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A method is described for rapidly finding the elements of a matrix operator which shifts the state of a class of linear sequence generators through a specified time interval. The method is applied to the problem of generating pseudorandom binary sequences with specified time shifts.
Multivariable function generation using a hybrid computer
- Author(s): G.C. Barney
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 419 –420
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680329
- Type: Article
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p.
419
–420
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Methods are suggested whereby the time delay may be reduced between the sampling of several variables on the analogue computer and the appearance of the output function after its computation in the digital computer.
Admittance of an infinite cylindrical antenna with realistic gap field
- Author(s): R.A. Hurd and J. Jacobsen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 420 –421
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680330
- Type: Article
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p.
420
–421
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A numerical comparison is made between the admittance of an infinite cylindrical antenna excited by a realistic electric field across a finite gap, and the admittance found by assuming a constant electric field in the same gap. A simple approximate relation between the two is derived, while a second simple expression shows how the admittance changes as the gap width is varied.
Probability distributions of noiselike waveforms generated by a digital technique
- Author(s): A.C. Davies
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, p. 421 –423
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680331
- Type: Article
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p.
421
–423
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This letter discusses the probability distributions of waveforms obtained by a weighted summation of digits stored in an n stage feedback shift register which is generating a binary sequence of periodic length 2n or 2n−1.
Erratum: Simplified procedure for the design of multisection Cheby̅shev quarterwave transformers
- Author(s): W.B.W. Alison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 19, page: 423 –423
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680332
- Type: Article
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p.
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(1)
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