Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 21, Issue 16, 1 August 1985
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 21, Issue 16
1 August 1985
Intermodulation and harmonic distortion in InGaAsP lasers
- Author(s): T.E. Darcie ; R.S. Tucker ; G.J. Sullivan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 665 –666
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850470
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
665
–666
(2)
A theoretical and experimental study is presented of intermodulation and harmonic distortion in high-speed 1.3 and 1.5 μm InGaAsP lasers modulated at frequencies up to 8 GHz. It is found that all lasers measured, including Fabry-Perot and distributed feedback lasers, generate approximately the same distortion levels for a given modulation depth and relaxation resonance frequency. There are minor differences between lasers, which result from differences in the damping of the small-signal resonance peak.
New orthogonal transform for digital signal processing
- Author(s): Weidong Kou
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 666 –667
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850471
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
666
–667
(2)
A new ortogonal transform is defined using the slant matrices and some of its properties are discussed; a fast algorithm is also derived.
Performance of signals coded by miller code in the presence of noise and interference
- Author(s): M.Č Stefanović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 667 –668
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850472
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
667
–668
(2)
In the letter the bit error probability for signals which are coded by the Miller code in the presence of Gaussian noise and interference is determined. The optimal area of the filter bandwidth, the best in accordance with the error probability, is determined.
Dispersion penalties for single-mode-fibre transmission using 1.3 and 1.5 μm LEDs
- Author(s): J.L. Gimlett ; M. Stern ; L. Curtis ; W.C. Young ; N.K. Cheung ; P.W. Shumate
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 668 –670
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850473
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
668
–670
(3)
Dispersion penalties for single-mode-fibre transmission using 1.3 and 1.5 μm LEDs have been measured for fibre lengths of up to 22.5 km and at bit rates of 90, 140 and 280 Mbit/s. The experimental results are compared to theoretical values obtained from an intersymbol interference calculation.
New method to measure scattering and total losses of optical fibres
- Author(s): G. Ghosh ; S. Kachi ; Y. Sasaki ; M. Kimura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 670 –671
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850474
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
670
–671
(2)
The direct measurement of scattering and total losses of very good uniform optical fibres has been proposed and verified for the first time by analysing the scattering light with the variation of input launching power of an He-Ne laser by an optical attenuator. The scattered light has been detected by the cubic detector at different positions along the fibre.
Tailored-gain broad-area semiconductor laser with single-lobed diffraction-limited far-field pattern
- Author(s): C. Lindsey ; P. Derry ; A. Yariv
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 671 –673
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850475
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
671
–673
(3)
We demonstrate a 60 μm-wide asymmetric tailored-gain broad-area semiconductor laser with a single-lobed diffraction-limited far-field pattern 2.5° wide. The method used to achieve gain tailoring may be used to create nearly arbitrary two-dimensional spatial gain distributions within a broad-area laser.
Bandwidth and signal-data compression using maximum specified error as control
- Author(s): A.M. Sandman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 673 –674
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850476
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
673
–674
(2)
A technique for bandwidth compression is described which is based on the principle of having an interpolation function between ‘important points’ and ensuring that the maximum error between the original function and the interpolation function is closely approached but never exceeded. The maximum error controls the placing of the ‘important points’.
Theoretical investigation of a stripline planar antenna
- Author(s): Jin-Guang Chen and Wen-Hong Shi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 674 –675
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850477
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
674
–675
(2)
Numerical results of the aperture field, pattern and gain of a stripline planar antenna element are obtained by the moment method. The difficulty of singularities in the integral equation has been overcome by a simple shift of the testing functions.
Method for the generation of M-ary constant-envelope PSK signals
- Author(s): C. Mantakas ; K. Dagakis ; V. Zacharopoulos
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 676 –677
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850478
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
676
–677
(2)
This method does not require the usual two carriers in quadrature (I and Q channels), nor does it require data prefiltering to smooth the phase transitions. The system described here acts as a ‘delay modulator’ of a single carrier, resulting in a linear phase shift and absolutely constant envelope of the modulated signal.
Effect of number of spectral terms on convergence of spectral-domain calculations of E-plane structures
- Author(s): S. El-Ghazaly and W.J.R. Hoefer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 677 –678
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850479
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
677
–678
(2)
The effect of the number of spectral terms on the accuracy of the spectral-domain analysis of E-plane circuits is studied. The ability of the solution to reconstruct the gap field is related to the error in propagation constant and characteristic impedance.
System reduction by continued-fraction expansion about s=jωi
- Author(s): Y. Katsube ; K. Horiguchi ; N. Hamada
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 678 –680
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850480
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
678
–680
(3)
A method of system reduction using the continued fraction expansion about arbitrary points on the real frequency axis is proposed. It gives a good approximation and the procedure is suitable for digital computation.
Model reduction by condensed continued-fraction method
- Author(s): T.N. Lucas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 680 –681
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850481
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
680
–681
(2)
It is shown how the continued-fraction method of Chen and Shieh may be used on part of the transfer function to produce reduced-order models when its normal application is unsatisfactory. In addition, the truncation method is shown to be related to this technique.
Optimum monopulse linear array excitations using Zolotarev polynomials
- Author(s): D.A. McNamara
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 681 –682
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850482
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
681
–682
(2)
The synthesis of linear arrays with optimum difference patterns is described. Element excitations are found using Zolotarev polynomials.
Systolic encoder for fast waveform vector quantisation
- Author(s): Wang Chin-Liang ; Wei Che-Ho ; Chen Sin-Horng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 682 –684
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850483
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
682
–684
(3)
The letter presents a systolic architecture that can efficiently perform the encoding operations of waveform vector quantisation using the squared-error distortion measure. In the system, squared-error cells and comparing cells are used to achieve modularity and concurrency. An index offset approach is employed for reducing I/O pins.
2–18 GHz distributed amplifier in hybrid form
- Author(s): C.L. Law and C.S. Aitchison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 684 –685
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850484
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
684
–685
(2)
Practical results for a four-stage hybrid distributed amplifier built on 25.4 mm-square alumina substrate using Avantek AT10600 MESFETs are presented. The power gain is (4.5±1.5) dB from 2 to 18 GHz with input and output return loss of better than 10 dB. The noise figure across that band is better than 6.3 dB.
Subharmonic modulation distortions in semiconductor lasers with optical feedback
- Author(s): Y. Hirose ; A. Ona ; T. Fukuda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 685 –686
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850485
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
685
–686
(2)
Experimental studies of subharmonic modulation distortions of semiconductor lasers with optical feedback are described. These distortions were found to exhibit almost resonant frequency characteristics and threshold behaviour against the modulation frequency and its depth, respectively. It was inferred that they would be excited by parametric interactions caused by some laser diode parameter changes due to modulation.
Improvement of InP MISFET characteristics using infra-red lamp annealing
- Author(s): Y. Hirota ; M. Okamura ; T. Hisaki ; O. Mikami
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 686 –688
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850486
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
686
–688
(3)
An infra-red lamp-annealing technique was employed for postannealing Si ion-implanted InP substrates. The effective electron mobility (μeff) of SiO2-InP metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors fabricated using infrared lamp annealing is remarkably temperature-dependent. The maximum μeff is ̃ 11000 cm2/Vs at 75 K and 1500–2500 cm2/Vs at room temperature.
Fractal dimension of 1/fα noises
- Author(s): J.L. Vaterkowski ; C. Roques-Carmes ; J.J. Gagnepain
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 688 –690
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850487
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
688
–690
(3)
An extended reticular cell counting (ERCC) method is proposed to increase the accuracy in the determination of the fractal dimension of a signal as compared with the reticular cell counting (RCC) method. This new method (ERCC) is used to study the fractal dimension of noises with 1/fα power spectrum.
Inversion-mode InP MISFET using a photochemical phosphorus nitride gate insulator
- Author(s): Y. Hirota ; T. Hisaki ; O. Mikami
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 690 –691
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850488
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
690
–691
(2)
An inversion-mode n-channel InP MISFET is fabricated using a photochemical phosphorus nitride film as a gate insulator. An effective electron mobility of ∼1700 to 2200 cm2/Vs is obtained and the drain current maintains more than 80% of its initial value after 103 s at room temperature. These values are much superior to the characteristics of InP MISFETs using thermally deposited phosphorus nitride gate insulators. These improvements are probably caused by the reduction of thermal degradation of InP substrates through the application of the photochemical CVD technique.
Monitoring the final on-zone dynamics in TIL GTO thyristors
- Author(s): A.P. Silard
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 691 –693
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850489
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
691
–693
(3)
An original method that spotlights the increase of the final on-zone of the squeezed plasma with the level of anode current is described and implemented in the gated turn-off experimental investigation of TO-220-packaged, high-voltage TIL GTO thyristors.
100 ps waveguide multiple quantum well (MQW) optical modulator with 10:1 on/off ratio
- Author(s): T.H. Wood ; C.A. Burrus ; R.S. Tucker ; J.S. Weiner ; D.A.B. Miller ; D.S. Chemla ; T.C. Damen ; A.C. Gossard ; W. Wiegmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 693 –694
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850490
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
693
–694
(2)
By incorporating two quantum wells into a capillary waveguide, we have made the first MQW optical modulator with an on/off ratio of at least 10:1. Furthermore, this device was used to generate an optical pulse less than 100 ps long, the fastest to date with an MQW device.
Acoustic resonator transducer for operation in air
- Author(s): J.D. Fox ; B.T. Khuri-Yakub ; G.S. Kino
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 694 –696
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850491
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
694
–696
(3)
An acoustic resonator and electronic system for operation in air are described. The transducer operates in a resonant mode and can be utilised to measure the distance between the transducer and a reflecting object. Experimental results are presented for a 275 kHz resonator transducer that can measure distances with better than 0.5 μm resolution at a 0.6 mm range. Applications to noncontacting surface profile measurements are also demonstrated.
FM noise suppression and linewidth reduction in an injection-locked semiconductor laser
- Author(s): F. Mogensen ; H. Olesen ; G. Jacobsen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 696 –697
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850492
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
696
–697
(2)
An expression is derived for the FM noise spectrum of an injection-locked semiconductor laser. For increasing injection level the FM noise spectrum and the lineshape change gradually from those of the slave laser to those of the master laser. The ultimate linewidth reduction is obtained if the locking bandwidth is large enough to accommodate the frequency fluctuations and if the detuning is controlled carefully.
Wavelength fluctuations in pulsed variable spacing phase-locked laser diode arrays
- Author(s): P.L. Fuhr
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 697 –699
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850493
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
697
–699
(3)
Spectra taken for a pulsed variable spacing phase-locked laser diode array (VSA) were recorded and processed to determine the magnitude of wavelength fluctuations present in the diode's output field. Analysis revealed that a pulsed VSA emits primarily into a single longitudinal mode.
Stereopsis with adaptive windows
- Author(s): M.J.D. Wilson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 699 –701
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850494
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
699
–701
(3)
A scheme whereby window operators can be trained to detect the stereoscopic depth of objects in an image is described. Both a theoretical analysis of the behaviour of such windows and some practical results are presented.
Variable-grating-mode liquid crystals for fibre-optic applications
- Author(s): G.L. Tangonan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 701 –702
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850495
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
701
–702
(2)
We have utilised the variable grating mode (VGM) of nematic liquid crystals to fabricate 1 * 3 active splitters. The applications of VGM devices to spectral scanning and spot scanning for fibre optics are demonstrated.
Digital phasemeter with phase compensation
- Author(s): J. Siuzdak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 702 –703
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850496
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
702
–703
(2)
A noise-resistant digital phasemeter is described. The device is based on the phase compensation principle. Formulas for the variance of the phase estimate and for the acquisition time are obtained. Results are verified by computer simulation.
Low-temperature behaviour of high-birefringence fibres
- Author(s): M.J. Marrone and M.A. Davis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 703 –704
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850497
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
703
–704
(2)
The behaviour of three types of high-birefringence fibre subjected to low temperature is investigated. From room temperature to -150°C the birefnngence increases over 20% in a linear fashion and exhibits no thermal hysteresis. After thermal cycling to -196°C no changes in polarisation beat length or attenuation are observed.
Calculated field spectra of semiconductor lasers near threshold
- Author(s): K. Kikuchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 705 –706
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850498
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
705
–706
(2)
Field spectra of semiconductor lasers in the vicinity of the threshold are calculated by computer simulation. The calculated spectra shown an asymmetry due to a strong interference between AM and FM noises. The spectral width is determined as a function of the pumping rate.
Novel simple method for determination of refractive index of optical monomode slab waveguides
- Author(s): C. Bornholdt ; J. Krauser ; H.-P. Nolting
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 706 –708
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850499
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
706
–708
(3)
A novel simple nondestructive interference method is proposed for measuring the refractive index of optical monomode slab waveguides and cladding layers of sufficient thickness. This method has been used to investigate thin films of III-V compounds on binary substrates, especially GaInAsP/InP, with respect to application for integrated optical devices in the transparent wavelength region. The experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations.
RC-active biquad design by a Prolog program
- Author(s): J.C. Mouly ; J. Neirynck ; F. Tarpin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 708 –709
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850500
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
708
–709
(2)
A Prolog program has been devised to search among the multitude of RC-active cells for the one which meets certain specifications. As an example, it is shown that ten cells in half a million are suitable for the implementation of leapfrog filters.
Systematic jitter suppression by pattern inversion
- Author(s): M. Amemiya ; Y. Hayashi ; T. Ito
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 709 –710
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850501
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
709
–710
(2)
A jitter suppression method using simple pattern inversion at each regenerator is proposed. It is theoretically shown that this method is very effective for systematic jitter suppression. The results of a signal circulating experiment using a 446 Mbit/s optical regenerator agree with the theoretical estimation.
Algorithm for biased continued-fraction expansions of z-transfer functions
- Author(s): Yung Chee-Fai and Hwang Chyi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 710 –712
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850502
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
710
–712
(3)
A new algorithm is presented for obtaining the biased continued-fraction expansion (BCFE) of Shamash directly from the state-space model of a discrete-time system, without having to determine the corresponding z-transfer function. The algorithm gives a clear indication that system reduction by BCFE is equivalent to matching a set of Markov parameters and modified time moments. A numerical example is given to illustrate the algorithm.
Hydrogen evolution behaviour of silicone-coated optical fibres
- Author(s): S.R. Barnes ; S.P. Riley ; S.V. Wolfe
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 712 –713
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850503
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
712
–713
(2)
Tests at temperatures relevant to service conditions show the hydrogen evolved from optical fibres coated with thermally cured silicones and nylon is limited and follows second-order kinetics. These results contradict those previously reported from bulk silicones. This concentration of hydrogen from coated fibres is acceptable for cable applications.
Analysis of transverse modes of phase-locked multi-stripe lasers
- Author(s): H. Fujii ; I. Suemune ; M. Yamanishi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, p. 713 –714
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850504
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
713
–714
(2)
We show that the 180° phase-shift modes are always favoured in the limit of the large stripe number when the coupling between the stripes is not weak in phase-locked multiple-stripe lasers. The 0° mode selection is possible only when the stripe number is finite.
Erratum: Simple and accurate loss measurement technique for semiconductor optical waveguides
- Author(s): R.G. Walker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 16, page: 714 –714
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850505
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
714
(1)
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article
