Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 20, Issue 23, 8 November 1984
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Volume 20, Issue 23
8 November 1984
Theoretical comparison of IBC solar cells with N- and P-type substrate under high and very high illumination
- Author(s): M. Boumaour and F. van de Wiele
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 949 –950
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840645
- Type: Article
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IBC solar cells are investigated using exact 2D numerical simulation. At very high illumination the efficiency of P-type substrate cells is strongly reduced by a loss of base conductivity modulation which is not observed in N-substrate devices.
Time delay spread measurements of wideband radio signals within a building
- Author(s): D.M.J. Devasirvatham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 950 –951
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840646
- Type: Article
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Measurements of time delay spread of wideband 850 MHz digital radio signals due to multipath propagation within a large building are described. These measurements show a median RMS time delay spread of 125 ns and a worst case of 250 ns. Consequently, signalling rates above 400 kHz may not be feasible.
Digital measurement of polysilicon to diffusion misalignment for a silicon gate MOS process
- Author(s): A.J. Walton ; W.R. Gammie ; R. Holwill ; B.M.M. Henderson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 951 –952
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840647
- Type: Article
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–952
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A MOS structure which digitally measures the misalignment between polysilicon and diffusion which occurs during processing is presented. The ultimate resolution of the structure is dependent only on the process resolution, with the measurement being based on conduction due to misaligned polysilicon gates. The design automatically compensates for any overetching which may have occured during processing.
Simple in-service method for monitoring DMI code errors
- Author(s): N. Yoshikai ; J. Yamada ; S. Kawanishi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 952 –954
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840648
- Type: Article
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A simple in-service method for monitoring errors in the DMI code is proposed, and its principle is explained. A DMI decoder with an error detection circuit can be realised using digital components exclusively. In a transmission experiment, good accuracy was obtained for a wide error rate range, irrespective of mark occurrence in the signal sequence.
InSb MOS structures fabricated by a novel thermal oxidation method
- Author(s): Y. Takagi ; O. Sugiura ; T. Takahashi ; Y. Naruke ; M. Matsumura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 954 –955
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840649
- Type: Article
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Interfaces between InSb and its native oxide grown by a novel thermal oxidation method have been clarified to have good electrical characteristics. The interface state density was of a V-shaped form with the minimum value of less than 1012/cm2 eV, and the field-effect mobility of the holes at 77 K was about 300 cm2/Vs.
InGaAs/InP heterobipolar transistors for integration on semi-insulating InP substrates
- Author(s): H. Dämbkes ; U. König ; B. Schwaderer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 955 –957
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840650
- Type: Article
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InGaAs/InP npn heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) have been fabricated from LPE layers grown on semi-insulating InP substrates for application to integrated circuits. The inverted emitter configuration is used, which allows the growth of the active layers without any additional steps. The HBTs show stable characteristics without any hysteresis and with current gains up to 25 for 0.7 μm base width. To our knowledge this is the first report of InGaAs/InP HBTs on a semi-insulating substrate.
Monolithic 1.5 μm hybrid DFB/DBR lasers with 5 nm tuning range
- Author(s): L.D. Westbrook ; A.W. Nelson ; P.J. Fiddyment ; J.V. Collins
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 957 –959
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840651
- Type: Article
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–959
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A new tunable single-longitudinal-mode laser structure is reported. This monolithic hybrid DFB/DBR laser can be electrically tuned over a 5 nm wavelength range. The tuning mechanism employs the depression in the refractive index with injected carrier density, and the tuning range is linked to the period of an internal diffraction grating.
Analysis of low-frequency noise reduction by autozero technique
- Author(s): C. Enz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 959 –960
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840652
- Type: Article
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This letter analyses the low-frequency noise reduction produced by the autozero technique. A very simple model is established, and the output average power spectrum in the case of lowpass filtered white noise and 1/f noise is calculated. This analysis clearly shows the limitation to low-frequency noise reduction introduced by the foldover effect.
Microsphere and magnetic-fluid mixtures as magnetoresistors
- Author(s): A.S. Kent and D. Midgley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 960 –961
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840653
- Type: Article
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A magnetic fluid full of uniform inert spheres behaves like a liquid crystal when it is magnetised. The spheres form long chains, which arrange themselves into a triangular lattice. For a conducting liquid, resistance across the chains can be >30 times that along their length. This active device can be large and self repairing.
Comment: Near room temperature 1.3 μm single photon counting with an InGaAs avalanche photodiode
- Author(s): R.J. McIntyre and A.W. Lightstone
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 961 –962
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840654
- Type: Article
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Reply: Near room temperature 1.3 μm single photon counting with an InGaAs avalanche photodiode
- Author(s): B.F. Levine
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, page: 962 –962
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840655
- Type: Article
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In-line single-mode wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer
- Author(s): C.M. Lawson ; P.M. Kopera ; T.Y. Hsu ; V.J. Tekippe
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 963 –964
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840656
- Type: Article
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A single-mode fibre optic wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer at 1.32 μm and 1.55 μm, constructed from a fused evanescent wave coupler, is described. This device has an insertion loss of less than 0.05 dB and a wavelength isolation of 16 dB at 1.32 μm and 18 dB at 1.55 μm.
Modal and relative intensity noise under VHF modulation in InGaAsP/InP lasers before and after degradation
- Author(s): M. Fukuda and G. Iwane
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 964 –965
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840657
- Type: Article
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964
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The modal and relative intensity noise of InGaAsP/InP lasers are monitored before and after degradation. These noise levels under VHF modulation are scarely affected by laser degradation and are almost determined by VHF modulation, although the noise levels under DC bias increase after degradation.
Two-way circuits with inverse transmission properties
- Author(s): J.K. Stevenson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 965 –967
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840658
- Type: Article
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965
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An active or passive three-terminal circuit may be modified, as shown here, to operate in both directions in an inverse manner, i.e. if the voltage transfer ratio (VTR) in the forward direction is T, the value in the return direction is 1/T.
Linear thin-film Bragg modulator
- Author(s): I.M. Akhmedzhanov ; A.M. Prokhorov ; E.A. Shcherbakov
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 967 –968
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840659
- Type: Article
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967
–968
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A thin-film Bragg modulator operating linearly without bias voltage is suggested and experimentally investigated. The operating point is shifted due to a stationary volume phase diffraction grating being under the electrodes in a waveguide.
Surface plasmon resonance and immunosensors
- Author(s): M.T. Flanagan and R.H. Pantell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 968 –970
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840660
- Type: Article
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A rough surface analysis of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is applied to a glass/silver/antigen/antibody/electrolyte multilayer. Comments are made on the experimental arrangements most appropriate to the development of SPR immunosensors.
‘Orwell’: a protocol for carrying integrated services on a digital communications ring
- Author(s): J.L. Adams and R.M. Falconer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 970 –971
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840661
- Type: Article
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A new protocol is described, capable of carrying mixed telecommunications services on a high-speed slotted ring. An inherent overload control mechanism ensures that delays to time-critical services are bounded and synchronous transmissions are preserved until their natural cessation. By over-coming objections to the destination release of slots, ring capacity is significantly increased.
Hybrid IR/RF transmission system with common modulating circuit
- Author(s): C.J. Georgopoulos and V.C. Georgopoulos
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 971 –973
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840662
- Type: Article
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An IR/RF wireless transmission system is described with emphasis placed on a PSK circuit common to all output sections. The system is capable of achieving communication in relatively small rooms with infra-red (IR) radiation, in large rooms and corridors with RF transmission (125 MHz) and outside communication with higher RF frequencies (668 MHz).
Reflection induced frequency shifts in single-mode laser diodes coupled to optical fibres
- Author(s): R.S. Vodhanel and J.-S. Ko
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 973 –974
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840663
- Type: Article
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The oscillation frequency of single-frequency laser diodes was measured as a function of the phase of reflections from the near end of a microlensed single-mode fibre. Frequency shifts of up to 6 GHz were measured for phase changes of π rad. The magnitude of the linewidth broadening factor x can be determined from the measured frequency shift.
Simple and practical technique for attaching single-mode fibres to lithium niobate waveguides
- Author(s): K.H. Cameron
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 974 –976
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840664
- Type: Article
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A simple and practical technique for attaching single-mode fibres to lithium niobate waveguides using a light-cured adhesive is presented. The use of additional support blocks enables robust low excess loss joints to be made. Excess fixing losses of typically 0.06 dB are reported.
Small loss-deviation tapered fibre star coupler with mixer rod
- Author(s): S. Ohshima ; T. Ito ; K. Donuma ; Y. Fujii
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 976 –978
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840665
- Type: Article
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A large-scale biconical tapered fibre star coupler with mixer rod was developed. It shows considerable improvement in regard to power distribution uniformity. The loss deviation and average excess loss for a 100 × 100 star coupler were 0.37 and 3.2 dB, respectively.
New approach to growth of abrupt heterojunctions by MOVPE
- Author(s): R.H. Moss and P.C. Spurdens
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 978 –980
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840666
- Type: Article
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A new approach to the growth of abrupt heterojunctions by MOVPE in which the substrate is moved from one gas stream to another is reported. The technique has been demonstrated by successfully growing both single thick layers and multi-quantum-well layers of GaInAs and InP. The structures were grown at one atmosphere using preformed adducts and the material was assessed using double crystal X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques and found to be of high quality.
Influence of feed-point location on radiation resistance of a short-circuited flat dipole
- Author(s): G. Dubost
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 980 –981
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840667
- Type: Article
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A quasi TEM lossy transmission line model is used to calculate the effect on the radiation resistance which is produced by moving the feed-point location along a short-circuited flat dipole acting at quarter-wave resonance. Very good agreement is obtained between theoretical and experimental results.
Simultaneous phase and amplitude measurements on optical signals using a multiport junction
- Author(s): N.G. Walker and J.E. Carroll
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 981 –983
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840668
- Type: Article
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‘Six-port’ techniques developed at microwave frequencies have been used to measure the relative phase and amplitude of optical signals with approximately 130 photons energy at 633 nm. Applications include phase measurements in coherent optical communication systems.
Fibre optic device for simultaneous laser power transmission and temperature measuring of irradiated object
- Author(s): V.G. Artjushenko ; V.V. Voitsekhovsky ; V.J. Masychev ; J.V. Zubov ; V.K. Sysoev
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 983 –984
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840669
- Type: Article
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p.
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A fibre optic device is described on the base of polycrystalline KRS-5 fibre for CO2-laser power transmission to the irradiated object and for simultaneous measurement of its temperature by its IR radiation.
Temperature distribution in a light-emitting diode during a pulse operation
- Author(s): W. Nakwaski and A.M. Kontkiewicz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 984 –985
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840670
- Type: Article
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p.
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The analysis of the heat flow in a light-emitting diode is carried out in the letter for the transient-state condition. In the dynamical thermal model of a light-emitting diode, the heat flow from the active region throughout the area between it and the top contact and a nonuniform distribution of a heat flux density in the active region due to the current-spreading effect are taken into account.
Efficient ARQ scheme for high error rate channels
- Author(s): M. Moeneclaey and H. Bruneel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 23, p. 986 –987
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840671
- Type: Article
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The letter proposes a continuous ARQ scheme, to be used under high error rate conditions. The scheme preserves the ordering of the data blocks and yields a better throughput efficiency—especially for channels with large round-trip delay—than some known comparable schemes, for all block error probabilities larger than 50%.
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