Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 19, Issue 25-26, 8 December 1983
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Volume 19, Issue 25
8 December 1983
Unique reflector arrangement with very wide field of view for multibeam antennas
- Author(s): C. Dragone
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1061 –1062
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830720
- Type: Article
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We minimise the aberrations arising in a double reflector antenna when the feed is displaced from the focus. In a previous article, astigmatism and primary coma were reduced by slightly deforming the two reflecting surfaces and optimising the principal ray angles of incidence. Here we further reduce aberrations by determining the optimum subreflector magnification. The result is a new reflector arrangement, consisting of a deformed paraboloid combined with a deformed hyperboloid, having the widest possible field of view obtainable with two reflectors in a compact arrangement of short focal length.
Low-pressure MOVPE growth of Sn-doped GaAs
- Author(s): A.P. Roth ; R. Yakimova ; V.S. Sundaram
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1062 –1064
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830721
- Type: Article
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Sn-doped GaAs layers have been grown by low pressure MOVPE. For carrier concentrations n ≤ 1.5 × 1019 cm−3, the layers are characterised by good surface morphology, high mobility and negligible compensation. At higher carrier concentration, the surface morphology deteriorates and Sn surface accumulation is detected by AES.
Mobile radio propagation in Auckland at 76 MHz
- Author(s): G.B. Rowe ; A.G. Williamson ; B. Egan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1064 –1065
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830722
- Type: Article
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A series of field trials in Auckland at 76 MHz have confirmed that propagation path loss is normally distributed and may be characterised by a fourth-power-law distance dependency. The path loss standard deviation has been found to be dependent on the mobile terminal's environment and on frequency, but is essentially independent of base station antenna height and path length. The excess path loss over plane earth predictions and the standard deviation of path loss have been measured as 14.6, 5.0, 0.8 and 1.0 dB and 6.2, 5.2, 3.7 and 5.0 dB for urban, light urban, suburban and rural environments, respectively.
Desktop computer appraisal of potential slow-wave propagation characteristics for Schottky coplanar lines
- Author(s): C. Seguinot ; P. Kennis ; P. Pribetich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1065 –1067
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830723
- Type: Article
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An original analytical model of the Schottky coplanar line is presented. Determination of the potential slowing factor is made with good accuracy. In its present form the model does not give the slow-wave mode frequency limitation. However, it can be useful to initialise computer analyses using FEM or SDA techniques, and to explain the effect of varying DC bias and geometrical parameters on propagation characteristics.
Microbending loss in monomode fibres: solution of petermann's auxiliary function
- Author(s): J.V. Wright
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1067 –1068
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830724
- Type: Article
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The spot sizes and auxiliary function that determine the microbending sensitivity of monomode fibres are shown to have analytic solutions for step-index profiles. Although a numerical solution is necessary in the core when the profile is inhomogeneous, the derivation is simplified by matching to the analytic solution within the cladding. Previously, analytic solutions had only been given for Gaussian fields.
Experimental investigation of stability properties for a semiconductor laser with optical feedback
- Author(s): J.H. Osmundsen ; B. Tromborg ; H. Olesen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1068 –1070
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830725
- Type: Article
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The stability limits for a semiconductor laser exposed to optical feedback have been measured as a function of the feedback level and the phase of the reflected field. The experimental results are in good agreement with a detailed theoretical analysis. They include a determination of the absolute feedback level in a practical set-up and of the R-parameter, which for the actual laser is found to be −3.0 ± 0.3.
Integrating infra-red detector with electronically modulated response
- Author(s): D.D. Coon ; S. Gunapala ; R.P.G. Karunasiri ; H.-M. Muehlhoff
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1070 –1071
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830726
- Type: Article
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A new integrating IR detector exhibits equivalent dark currents as low as 1.2 × 10−15 A/cm2. Signal integration takes place in the bulk of a semiconductor photosensitive element. The ultralow dark current permits very long integration and storage times. Integration times longer than 12 h are reported. IR response beyond the usual low field cutoff is observed and shown to depend strongly on the applied electric field. This allows voltage-controlled starting and stopping of in situ signal integration beyond the low field cutoff wavelength.
Optoelectronic 10 Gbit/s code generation by a picosecond photoconductive device
- Author(s): G. Veith ; E.O. Göbel ; J. Kuhl
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1072 –1073
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830727
- Type: Article
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A high-speed silicon-on-sapphire photoconductive switch activated by an optical picosecond pulse code is used as a 10 Gbit/s electrical pulse code generator. The optical pulse code is generated by a picosecond pulse train which passes a multiple beam path optical delay line and can be manipulated by spatial filtering.
Residual shrinkage of UV-cured acrylate-jacketed optical fibres
- Author(s): N. Yoshizawa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1073 –1074
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830728
- Type: Article
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UV-cured acrylate-jacketed optical fibres and nylon-jacketed optical fibres were heated up to 120°C and their changes in length measured. Experimental results show that residual strain of the acrylate-jacketed fibres is not caused by the temperature change of 20–120–20°C, while, for the nylon-jacketed fibres, compressive strain remains after the heat cycle. The strain is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the nylon layer.
Phase-shift technique for the measurement of chromatic dispersion in single-mode optical fibres using LEDs
- Author(s): B. Costa ; M. Puleo ; E. Vezzoni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1074 –1076
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830729
- Type: Article
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The phase-shift technique has been successfully extended to chromatic dispersion measurements in single-mode optical fibres. Using only two sinusoidally modulated LEDs operating at 1.33 and 1.47 μm, accurate results have been achieved in the spectral region of interest, in good agreement with those obtained with the Nd-Yag laser and Raman fibre technique.
New diffraction grating profiles in InP for DFB lasers and integrated optics
- Author(s): L.D. Westbrook ; A.W. Nelson ; P.J. Fiddyment
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1076 –1077
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830730
- Type: Article
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A bilevel processing technique has been used to obtain sub-micrometer-period InP diffraction gratings. Novel cross-sectional grating profiles with depths of up to 4000 Å have been obtained which should facilitate the fabrication of more efficient Bragg devices.
Performance of FH-MFSK cellular mobile radio in the presence of nonsynchronous users
- Author(s): R. Agusti-Comes ; F. Casadevall-Palacio ; G. Junyent-Giralt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1077 –1079
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830731
- Type: Article
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Monte Carlo simulation of an FH-MFSK spread-spectrum cellular mobile radio system in the presence of nonsynchronous users is presented. Impairments such as short-term and shadow fading are introduced. Performance curves showing the number of simultaneous users the system can accept are given. Both clustering and no-clustering strategies are considered.
Mode partition noise caused by wavelength-dependent attenuation in lightwave systems
- Author(s): A. Tomita ; D.G. Duff ; N.K. Cheung
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1079 –1080
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830732
- Type: Article
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–1080
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Power fluctuations among the longitudinal modes of laser diodes cause noise in the received signal after being filtered by a wavelength-dependent attenuation mechanism. We have developed a theoretical model to characterise this noise and studied degradation in lightwave system performance. Power penalties observed in a 432 Mbit/s wavelength division multiplexing system experiment agreed with theoretical predictions.
Prediction of the ultimate performance of side-tunnel single-polarisation fibre
- Author(s): T. Okoshi ; T. Aihara ; K. Kikuchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1080 –1082
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830733
- Type: Article
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As the result of recent progress in polarisation-maintaining optical waveguiding schemes, a basic question now arises: which of stress-induced type or geometrical type approach will finally offer better characteristics? The letter discusses the ultimate performance of a side-tunnel fibre which offers the strongest polarisation-maintaining capability among various geometrical-type ones. The result indicates that, if the structure is optimised, a relative bandwidth of truly single-polarisation characteristics of 0.21 and a normalised birefringence of 0.0045 can be achieved for a relative core-cladding index difference of 0.01. These values are comparable to or higher than the best data reported so far with stress-type ones.
Low threshold current GaAs/GaAlAs GRIN-SCH stripe lasers grown by OMVPE
- Author(s): M. Krakowski ; P. Hirtz ; R. Blondeau ; S.D. Hersee ; M. Baldy ; B. de Cremoux ; J.P. Duchemin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1082 –1084
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830734
- Type: Article
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The letter describes the characteristics of stripe lasers formed in GaAs/GaAlAs single-quantum-well graded-composition separate-confinement heterostructures (GRIN-SCH) grown by low-pressure organometallic vapour phase epitaxy (LP-OMVPE). We show that the low threshold current density that has been achieved with the GRIN-SCH structure allows low threshold currents (38 mA) to be achieved in a simple gain-guided stripe-geometry laser. These low thresholds have been obtained without resorting to a complex nonplanar (lower yield) technology, and it is shown that the good uniformity offered by OMVPE is maintained through to the mounted device stage.
High-power aging test on 1.3 μm DC-PBH lasers with reflective coated mirror
- Author(s): S. Murata ; M. Kitamura ; M. Yamaguchi ; I. Mito ; K. Kobayashi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1084 –1085
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830735
- Type: Article
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High-power aging tests on 1.3 μm double-channel planar buried-heterostructure (DC-PBH) lasers with a reflective coated mirror have been performed. Stable operation for over 6000 h has been demonstrated under constant power conditions of 20 and 30 mW from the front facet at 50°C.
Group-type unidirectional SAW devices employing intra-transducer reflector banks
- Author(s): M.F. Lewis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1085 –1087
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830736
- Type: Article
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A novel interdigital transducer is described which employs intratransducer reflector banks to achieve unidirectionality, and whose fabrication requires a single photolithographic process.
New technique for semiconductor device modelling
- Author(s): P.K. Goswami and J.E. Sitch
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1087 –1088
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830737
- Type: Article
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A transient model has been developed for use with microwave semiconductor devices. Charge transport is by particles moving under the influence of the electric field in a self consistent time-stepping procedure. The motion of each particle is governed by its momentum and energy using the relaxation time approximation.
Technique for flexible multidimensional filter design
- Author(s): D.A. Jenkins and D.W. Parker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1088 –1090
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830738
- Type: Article
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This new design technique utilises one-dimensional half-band filter units arranged in a tree structure to split multidimensional frequency space into sections. These sections may be switched in or out to form an approximation to any desired frequency response. The technique has proved useful in television bandwidth reduction experiments using subsampling.
Predicted large-signal performance improvement by active compensation in microwave IMPATT amplifiers
- Author(s): A. Riris and C.S. Aitchison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1090 –1091
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830739
- Type: Article
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The letter describes a technique whereby the large-signal linearity of a one-port microwave amplifier can be improved significantly. It uses a technique known as active reactance compensation previously developed to improve the gain-bandwidth behaviour of amplifiers under small-signal conditions.
Assessment of millimetre-wave Si IMPATT material
- Author(s): L.A. Hing and J.E. Curran
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1091 –1092
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830740
- Type: Article
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Millimetre-wave Si double-drift IMPATTs require high doping levels. Under these circumstances it will be shown that the determination of the doping profile from C/V or VB measurements leads to erroneous results and that SRP profiling is the preferred method.
Determination of modal dispersion in monomode fibres from wavelength dependence of the mode spot size
- Author(s): J.P. Pocholle ; J. Raffy ; J. Auge ; M. Papuchon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1093 –1094
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830741
- Type: Article
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It is demonstrated in this letter that the spectral mode spot size measurement is a useful means of determining the modal dispersion of monomode fibres used in the 1.3 μm wavelength region.
Analysis of SC networks using continuous-time four-port equivalents
- Author(s): P.V. Ananda Mohan ; V. Ramachandran ; M.N.S. Swamy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1094 –1095
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830742
- Type: Article
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A method of deriving a continuous-time equivalent of an SC network is considered. This method is based on LDI transformation.
Subscriber line interface circuit LSI fabricated using high-voltage CMOS/SIMOX technology
- Author(s): S. Nakashima and Y. Maeda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1095 –1097
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830743
- Type: Article
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High-voltage buried-channel CMOS/SIMOX technology which is characterised with the existence of an electric-field-shielding layer formed by oxygen implanatation was applied to fabricate a BSH-LSI for a subscriber line interface circuit, providing three functions of battery feed, supervision and hybrid. In this CMOS BSH-LSI, a high breakdown voltage of higher than 60 V and a low breakdown voltage of 15 V were fabricated by the same process. This BSH-LSI showed a high level of performance during operation. The chip size and dissipation power of the BSH-LSI were reduced to approximately one-third and one-half, respectively, compared with a conventional BSH-LSI fabricated with bipolar technology.
Minimised error criterion in recursive least-squares parameter estimation
- Author(s): A.J. Udink Ten Cate
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1097 –1098
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830744
- Type: Article
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In recursive least-squares parameter-estimation schemes, initial values are used to start the recursive procedure. It is demonstrated that these initial values result from another error criterion than the one which is commonly assumed to be minimised.
Efficient algorithm for adaptive normalised lattice filters
- Author(s): D.T. Nguyen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 25, p. 1098 –1099
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830745
- Type: Article
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The uniform norms of the observables in normalised lattice filters give the filters many stability and noise advantages over their 2-multiplier counterparts. Computational complexity due to the filter structure, however, has limited their use as adaptive filters. The letter presents a fast recursive algorithm for the generation of the gradients required in the steepest-descent adaptive filtering technique, using the normalised lattice structure.
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