Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 18, Issue 9, 29 April 1982
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Volume 18, Issue 9
29 April 1982
Feedback effects in a laser diode due to Rayleigh backscattering from an optical fibre
- Author(s): L. Goldberg ; H.F. Taylor ; J.F. Weller
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 353 –354
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820241
- Type: Article
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p.
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–354
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Feedback effects in a laser diode due to Rayleigh back-scattering in a 50 m fibre with or without end reflections are reported. Linewidth reduction by more than 200 and wavelength instability on a millisecond scale are observed. An analytical model based on the statistical nature of the back-scattering shows good agreement with the experimental results.
Broadband end launcher for X band rectangular waveguide
- Author(s): T.S. Gangadharan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 354 –355
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820242
- Type: Article
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The development of a wideband ‘coaxial-to-waveguide end launcher’ is presented. The end launcher, comparable to a right-angled transition in terms of performance and ease of construction, covers the entire X band (VSWR 1:1.25). The end launcher has applications in waveguide array work, especially in phased arrays and as a general purpose coaxial-to-waveguide in-line transition.
FM noise measurement of w-band impatt diodes with a quasi-optical direct detection system
- Author(s): W. Harth ; D. Leistner ; J. Freyer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 355 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820243
- Type: Article
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p.
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–356
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A simple and accurate method for determining the FM noise of negative-resistance regenerative oscillators in the microwave region is the so-called direct detection system, where the FM-AM noise conversion is achieved with a discriminator, usually a high Q-factor cavity. With increasing oscillator frequency (above 30 GHz), however, it becomes increasingly difficult to obtain reliable discriminators with high Q-factors. This difficulty can be overcome by applying high-quality quasi-optical resonators for the FM-AM noise conversion.
Modal equalisation for two-mode fibre link using a step-index fibre
- Author(s): Y. Kato ; K. Kitayama ; S. Seikai ; N. Uchida
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 356 –358
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820244
- Type: Article
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Modal equalisation for a two-mode fibre link is accomplished experimentally by connecting a step-index fibre as a mode equaliser, which has Δτ of opposite sign to the overall Δτ of the fibre link.
Fine tuning of a millimetre-wave open resonator
- Author(s): C.H. Luen and L.J. Auchterlonie
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 358 –359
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820245
- Type: Article
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p.
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–359
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The discussion is of a method of fine tuning and frequency setting of a millimetre-wave open resonator, which represents an improvement over the conventional method of tuning by moving one mirror. The important features of the mechanism are examined. A theoretical analysis of the situation supports the experimental results.
GaInAsP/InP DH laser on semi-insulating InP substrate with terrace structure
- Author(s): T. Matsuoka ; Y. Suzuki ; Y. Noguchi ; H. Nagai
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 359 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820246
- Type: Article
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GaInAsP/InP DH lasers for the 1.3 μm region were fabricated through a single LPE process on semi-insulating InP substrates with a terrace structure. The threshold current of the mounted lasers was typically 65 mA under CW operation at room temperature. Light output of 450 mW per facet was achieved at a pulsed injection current of 4.2 A.
Optical receiver front-end nonlinear distortion
- Author(s): M. Nakamura ; T. Tamura ; T. Ozeki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 361 –362
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820247
- Type: Article
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p.
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–362
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The harmonic modulation products of a PIN-GaAs MESFET optical receiver front end are found to be about 20 dB smaller than those of a PIN-bipolar transistor front end, using the ‘two-frequency optical signal method’. It is pointed out that the design parameters in the PIN-GaAs MESFET front end, optimised from the high-sensitivity viewpoint, are compatible with the requirements for low distortion in analogue transmission systems.
High-sensitivity fibre-optic strain sensors for measuring structural distortion
- Author(s): C.K. Asawa ; S.K. Yao ; R.C. Stearns ; N.L. Mota ; J.W. Downs
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 362 –364
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820248
- Type: Article
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p.
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A high sensitivity fibre-optic microbend strain sensor for detecting bending of large mechanical structures has been constructed; experimental data on transmission modulation against structural strain are presented. Optical time domain reflectometry for detecting strains at several structural points simultaneously by placing many sensors in tandem along a single fibre is described. Structural bend radii of greater than 5 km have been measured.
Application of finite-element method to H-plane waveguide discontinuities
- Author(s): M. Koshiba ; M. Sato ; M. Suzuki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 364 –365
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820249
- Type: Article
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p.
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The finite-element method has been applied to the scattering by an inhomogeneous H-plane discontinuity of arbitrary shape in a rectangular waveguide. As an example of the method, a right-angle corner bend and a waveguide-type dielectric filter are considered. Our results agree well with earlier theoretical and experimental results.
Second-order Q and ω0 shifts in RC active filters having nonideal amplifiers
- Author(s): R. Moon and F.W. Stephenson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 365 –367
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820250
- Type: Article
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p.
365
–367
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A procedure is developed for the determination of second-order perturbations in centre frequency and selectivity in RC active filters whose amplifiers exhibit a finite gain-bandwidth product.
Thin MBE GaAs millimetre-wave mixer diode using Ge substrate
- Author(s): A. Christou ; J.E. Davey ; D. Covington
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 367 –368
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820251
- Type: Article
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p.
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–368
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Thin substrateless MBE GaAs diodes have been processed for mixer applications. MBE growth of an inverted n/n+ GaAs structure on Ge was achieved. The Ge substrate was removed by preferential etching. A noise figure of less than 6.0 dB at 94 GHz was obtained.
Technique for measuring true time-resolved spectra of a semiconductor laser
- Author(s): I. Henning
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 368 –369
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820252
- Type: Article
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p.
368
–369
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Using a multiple fibre array where each fibre is of a different length, a new technique is presented for examining the true time-resolved spectrum of a semiconductor laser. As an example, the separate contributions of partitioning and multi-mode operation in the spectral output of five longitudinal modes of a 1.3 μm buried channel laser are identified.
Unrepeatered video transmission using pulse frequency modulation over 100 km of monomode optical fibre
- Author(s): D.J.T. Heatley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 369 –371
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820253
- Type: Article
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–371
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Unrepeatered transmission of 625-line colour video signals using PFM over monomode optical fibre is reported. The results show that a received video signal/noise ratio better than 53 dB unified weighted was achieved over 68 km of fibre at 1.3 μm and 102 km at 1.52 μm.
InGaAsP/InP dual-wavelength BH laser array
- Author(s): H. Nagai ; Y. Suzuki ; Y. Noguchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 371 –372
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820254
- Type: Article
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p.
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–372
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A dual-wavelength BH laser array emitting at 1.26 and 1.55 μm has been fabricated. Spacing between the two BH lasers is 30 μm, and simultaneous CW operation of the two lasers at room temperature has been achieved. Measured crosstalk was −50 dB.
Determination of spatial surface state density distribution in MOS and SIMOS transistors after channel hot electron injection
- Author(s): H.E. Maes and G. Groeseneken
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 372 –374
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820255
- Type: Article
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p.
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The charge pumping technique has been adapted for the determination of the spatial distribution of the interface state density in the channel region of short channel MOS or SIMOS transistors. This spatial distribution is shown to be modified by channel hot electron injection and provides information on the location and width of the injection region.
Network equivalence for crystal prototype Brune section
- Author(s): C.R. Dillon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 374 –375
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820256
- Type: Article
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374
–375
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The letter presents a prototype cascade realisation of the Brune zero-producing section for bandpass crystal filter design. The network allows independent adjustment of the transmission zeros of the section.
Single-carrier-type dominated impact ionisation in multilayer structures
- Author(s): H. Blauvelt ; S. Margalit ; A. Yariv
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 375 –376
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820257
- Type: Article
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p.
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–376
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A new structure for III-V avalanche photodetectors in which multiplication is dominated by a single-carrier type is proposed. Calculations for a GaAs-AlGaAs detector are reported predicting multiplication dominated by electrons. The reason for this is that electrons are injected into GaAs multiplication layers from high-electric-field AlGaAs layers, while holes are injected into the GaAs layers from low-electric-field AlGaAs layers.
System reduction by Cauer continued-fraction expansion about s=a and s=∞alternately
- Author(s): R. Parthasarathy and K.N. Jayasimha
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 376 –378
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820258
- Type: Article
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–378
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An algorithm to obtain the Cauer continued-fraction expansion of a given transfer function about an arbitrary point s = a and s = ∞ alternately is presented. Its application to system reduction is discussed. The procedure is amenable to digital computation.
New application for radiation resistance
- Author(s): T.S.M. Maclean
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 378 –379
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820259
- Type: Article
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p.
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–379
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An additional use for the self and mutual radiation resistances between current elements has been found in the calculation of the cross-spectral density between the elements. The use of these known resistances eliminates the problem of evaluating double integrals, which may be of some little complexity, in the direct calculation of the cross-spectral density.
Method for superimposing data on amplitude-modulated signals
- Author(s): G.B. Lockhart and Y.O. Al-Jalili
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 379 –381
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820260
- Type: Article
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p.
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The principles of a new modulation scheme are described which permit an additional data channel to be superimposed on conventional DSBAM signals without increasing band-width or envelope distortion. This scheme, named zero synchronous frequency modulation (ZSFM), requires additional signal processing and provision for combined AM/FM at the transmitter. At the receiver, the data signal is detected by a simple frequency demodulator, while envelope detection of the AM signal is performed in the usual way.
Optical excitation of quartz resonators
- Author(s): E. Dieulesaint ; D. Royer ; H. Rakouth
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 381 –382
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820261
- Type: Article
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p.
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–382
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Quartz resonators vibrating according to different modes (extensional, flexural, thickness shear, face-shear modes) have been excited with a modulated light beam in the frequency range 1 kHz–1 MHz.
S/N performance of an AlGaAs laser preamplifier and a linear repeater system
- Author(s): T. Mukai ; Y. Yamamoto ; T. Kimura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 382 –384
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820262
- Type: Article
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p.
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Baseband signal-to-noise-ratio characteristics in an AlGaAs laser preamplifier and a linear repeater system were studied theoretically and experimentally. The AlGaAs laser preamplifier improved the minimum detectable power by 1.6 dB over the level achieved by direct detection with an Si APD. 37 dB regenerative repeater gain was experimentally obtained in the system with two optical repeaters at 100 Mbit/s data rate.
LPE growth of In0.48Ga0.52As0.01P0.99 lattice-matched to GaAs from an In melt rich in P
- Author(s): H. Kawanishi ; M. Hiraoka ; K. Yoshioka ; K. Nishio ; T. Nakagomi ; S. Tanaka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 384 –385
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820263
- Type: Article
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High-quality quaternary In0.48Ga0.52As0.01P0.99 crystals lattice-matched to GaAs substrates were grown by liquid phase epitaxy from an In melt rich in P. The peak wave-length and spectral width of the photoluminescence were 652.5 nm and 13.4 nm at room temperature, respectively.
Pyroelectric substitution method for calibrating optical fibre components attenuation
- Author(s): T. Iwasaki ; I. Yokoshima ; K. Nakamura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 385 –386
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820264
- Type: Article
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p.
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In this letter, we present a pyroelectric AC substitution method, in which a ratio transformer is used as a standard attenuator. Using a PVF2 pyroelectric detector, experiments are made for calibrating an optical fibre attenuator. The results show the usefulness of this method.
Analytical approximation for W-type fibre propagation parameters
- Author(s): M. Monerie
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 386 –388
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820265
- Type: Article
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p.
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We present an analytical formula giving a good approximation of propagation and dispersion parameters for W-type fibres, together with a physical explanation of their remarkable dispersion properties.
Simple received signal/eye amplitude monitor for digital repeaters
- Author(s): P. Cochrane and W. Powell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 388 –390
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820266
- Type: Article
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p.
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An eye amplitude monitor is described that involves remotely impressing low-angle PM onto a bit stream in proportion to its amplitude at some point within a repeater. The scheme utilises existing repeater circuitry, and the only additional hardware required is an oscillator, summing junction and remotely activated switch.
Novel SC integrator realising the bilinear z-transform
- Author(s): H. Jamal and F.E. Holmes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 390 –391
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820267
- Type: Article
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p.
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A novel SC integrator is designed which does not require the use of operational amplifiers. The sampled-data transfer function is related to that of a continuous-time integrator by the bilinear z-transform. The circuit needs only a simple sample-and-hold circuit at the output and is insensitive to all parasitic capacitances, except those present at the output node.
Passive compensation scheme suitable for use in the single-mode fibre interferometer
- Author(s): A.D. Kersey ; D.A. Jackson ; M. Corke
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 392 –393
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820268
- Type: Article
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p.
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The feasibility of a passive compensation scheme for the SMFI is investigated using a conventional Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Problems normally associated with active feedback stabilisation are eliminated, resulting in infinite range compensation. Minimum detectable phase sensitivities less than 10−6 rad are achievable at frequencies > 1 kHz with the interferometer working in an unshielded environment.
Performance of FH-MFSK serial search synchroniser for mobile radio
- Author(s): R. Agusti-Comes and G. Junyent-Giralt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 393 –395
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820269
- Type: Article
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A scheme for coarse acquisition of an FH-MFSK spread-spectrum multiple-access system is proposed. Performance curves showing the behaviour of the scheme in terms of false alarm and miss rates are given for a simplified mobile radio transmission model (white Gaussian noise and Rayleigh distributed fading). An optimisation procedure to minimise the acquisition mean time is outlined.
Comment: Fundamental mode spot-size measurement in single-mode optical fibres
- Author(s): C.A. Millar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 9, p. 395 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820270
- Type: Article
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