Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 16, Issue 5, 28 February 1980
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Volume 16, Issue 5
28 February 1980
C.M.O.S. circuit for implementation of unary operators in ternary logic
- Author(s): A. Lloris ; A. Prieto ; J. Velasco
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 161 –162
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800115
- Type: Article
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161
–162
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A c.m.o.s. circuit that supplies simultaneously 6 unary operators in ternary logic is presented. Further, this circuit, modifying its external connections, implements 25 of the 27 unary operators, including all of them used in the different ternary algebras.
Pulse broadening compensation in fibre-optical links
- Author(s): A.B. Puc and G.L. Yip
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 162 –163
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800116
- Type: Article
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p.
162
–163
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Modal dispersion can be reduced by splicing together over-and undercompensated fibres. A similar effect is obtained when the modes are inverted in the middle of their paths. A mode convertor made of a ring-shaped graded-index fibre is proposed.
InGaAs avalanche photodiode with InP p-n junction
- Author(s): Hiroshi Kanbe ; Nobuhiko Susa ; Hiroshi Nakagome ; Ando Hiroaki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 163 –165
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800117
- Type: Article
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163
–165
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A new InGaAs avalanche photodiode structure that has an InGaAs light absorption region and InP avalanche multiplying region is proposed. A dark-current density of 2.2 × 10−3 A/cm2 at 90% of breakdown voltage and a multiplication factor of 45 were obtained for the new structure diode fabricated from a liquid-phase epitaxially grown wafer.
Line coding and burst transmission in the local network
- Author(s): H.B. Groen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 165 –166
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800118
- Type: Article
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165
–166
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An alphabetic line code is discussed. This line code is especially suitable for the so-called burst transmission method on two-wire cable in the local network.
Optoelectronic regenerative pulser
- Author(s): T.C. Damen and M.A. Duguay
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 166 –167
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800119
- Type: Article
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–167
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The letter describes a new scheme for generating repetitive picosecond laser and electrical pulses in a controlled manner. The arrangement is a feedback loop containing a semiconductor diode laser, a photodetector, an amplifier and a time delay. The loop allows the laser to be driven by an ultrashort current pulse derived from the previous laser pulse. Optical and electrical pulses of less than 100 ps have been generated using GaAs-based lumped components. Monolithic integration of these components on a chip seems feasible with possible increase in speed.
Exact synthesis of offset dual reflectors
- Author(s): B.S. Westcott ; F.A. Stevens ; F. Brickell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 168 –169
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800120
- Type: Article
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168
–169
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The shaping of offset dual reflector surfaces using geometrical optics can be placed on a firm mathematical basis and solutions can be found for a number of problems hitherto thought to be insoluble except by approximate methods. Examples are given for tapered conical feed cones and circular output aportures with uniform phase and power distributions.
Photoelastic channel optical waveguides in epitaxial GaAs layers
- Author(s): L.D. Westbrook ; P.J. Fiddyment ; P.N. Robson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 169 –170
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800121
- Type: Article
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p.
169
–170
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Photoelastic channel optical waveguides have been fabricated in GaAs epitaxial layers. These waveguides exhibit strong lateral confinement in a single region of their cross-section. They compare favourably with previously demonstrated integrated optical waveguide structures.
Growth-parameter dependence of deep levels in molecular-beam-epitaxial GaAs
- Author(s): R.A. Stall ; C.E.C. Wood ; P.D. Kirchner ; L.F. Eastman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 171 –172
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800122
- Type: Article
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p.
171
–172
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Deep levels in GaAs grown by molecular-beam epitaxy have been examined. Dependence of both electron and hole trap densities on growth parameters such as growth temperature have been obtained.
Median signal strength prediction for mobile radio propagation in london
- Author(s): J.D. Parsons ; M.F. Ibrahim ; R.J. Samuel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 172 –173
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800123
- Type: Article
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172
–173
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Field trials have confirmed that propagation is characterised by a fourth-power law relating median transmission loss to range. Excess losses due to buildings are about 29 dB at 168 MHz and 37 dB at 445 MHz. These values are greater than those measured in smaller cities, but similar to earlier measurements in New York.
Novel strays-insensitive switched-capacitor integrator realising the bilinear Z-transform
- Author(s): A. Knob
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 173 –174
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800124
- Type: Article
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p.
173
–174
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A novel switched-capacitor integrator is discussed, of which the sampled-data transfer function is related to that of a continuous-time integrator by the bilinear z-transform. In contrast to the structures presented so far in the literature, influence of the parasitic capacitances is here reduced by the open-loop gain of the operational amplifier.
Intermodulation in X-cut lithium tantalate resonators
- Author(s): M. Planat ; G. Theobald ; J.J. Gagnepain ; P. Siffert
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 174 –175
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800125
- Type: Article
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174
–175
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The analysis of intermodulation in X-cut lithium tantalate resonators is performed and applied to the evaluation of the fourth-order nonlinear elastic coefficient. A comparison with an AT-cut quartz resonator indicates that lithium tantalate nonlinearities are much lower.
Monolithic v.c.c.s. for high-frequency RC active filters
- Author(s): J.W. Haslett ; M.K.N. Rao ; L.T. Bruton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 175 –177
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800126
- Type: Article
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–177
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A monolithic voltage-controlled current source designed for the realisation of high-quality RC active filters at frequencies up to 1 MHz is described. The chip is fabricated using standard 741 technology with lateral p-n-p transistors, and requires no internal compensation for stabilisation.
Calculations of the intrinsically higher temperature stability of electronic devices made from quaternary alloys
- Author(s): A.R. Adams
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 177 –178
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800127
- Type: Article
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p.
177
–178
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It is suggested that electronic devices made from quaternary alloys in which the carrier velocity is strongly influenced by alloy scattering will have an intrinsically higher temperature stability. This is illustrated by Monte Carlo computer simulations of the steady-state velocity-field characteristic of n-type Ga0.24In0.76As0.5P0.5 around the velocity peak.
Hard radiation effects in X-ray lithography
- Author(s): Z. Znamirowski and W. Czarczynski
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 178 –179
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800128
- Type: Article
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p.
178
–179
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Results of X-ray exposure of polymethyl methacrylate through various materials are described. These indicate that the hard radiation effect on exposed resist may be quite large.
Frequency stabilisation of semiconductor lasers for heterodyne-type optical communication systems
- Author(s): T. Okoshi and K. Kikuchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 179 –181
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800129
- Type: Article
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179
–181
(3)
In the somewhat distant future, heterodyne-type optical communications will appear, increasing channel capacity and repeater separation. At present, the greatest difficulty is the frequency drift of lasers. The letter describes an a.f.c. (automatic frequency control) experiment using a Peltier cooling element; it is shown that the frequency fluctuation can be reduced to below 10 MHz.
Necessary conditions for absolute stability of nonlinear regulators
- Author(s): B. Porter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 181 –182
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800130
- Type: Article
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p.
181
–182
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Simple necessary conditions involving the fundamental frequency-domain concept of transmission zeros are established for the absolute stability of nonlinear regulators. These results significantly complement the sufficient conditions provided by the Popov criterion in the analysis and synthesis of nonlinear control systems.
C.P.S.K. receiver performances in presence of carrier-frequency offset
- Author(s): Mihajlo Č. Stefanovič
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 182 –183
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800131
- Type: Article
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182
–183
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Error probability in a binary c.p.s.k. receiver with a carrier-frequency offset is studied. The error probability has been evaluated as a function of the p.l.l. bandwidth. The optimum value of the p.l.l. bandwidth for a given frequency offset is determined with and without the slow Rice fading.
Current/voltage characteristics of degenerated molybdenum and platinum Schottky diodes
- Author(s): J. Martinez ; E. Calleja ; J. Piqueras
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 183 –185
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800132
- Type: Article
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p.
183
–185
(3)
Degenerated Schottky diodes exhibit anomalously high currents at low temperatures that cannot be predicted in terms of resonant tunnelling. These characteristics could be explained in terms of direct tunnelling enhancement due to a build-up of defects near the interface.
Class of block codes for the Gaussian channel
- Author(s): D.E. Lazić
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 185 –186
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800133
- Type: Article
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p.
185
–186
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A method is developed for computing elements of a new class of quantised equal-energy block codes {(N, M, L)} for any number of code words M with arbitrary length N. These codes are asymptotically optimal for the Gaussian channel whenever the total number of possible amplitude levels L tends to infinity.
Phase correction in two integrator loop filters using new variable-phase inverting amplifier
- Author(s): Ahmed M. Soliman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 186 –188
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800134
- Type: Article
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p.
186
–188
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A novel variable-phase inverting amplifier is given. The proposed inverter has an adjustable phase which depends on the unity-gain bandwidth of only one of the two o.a.s employed in the circuit. Application of the inverter for phase correction in two-integrator loop filters is discussed.
Pulse broadening in long-span dispersion-free single-mode fibres at 1.5 μm
- Author(s): A. Kawana ; T. Miya ; N. Imoto ; H. Tsuchiya
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 188 –189
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800135
- Type: Article
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188
–189
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Dispersion-free single-mode fibres at 1.5 μm were fabricated by controlling their waveguide dispersion and dopant-dependent material dispersion. Pulse broadening in the 20 km long fibre was measured by using a laser diode operated at 1.5 μm. Measured pulse broadening was 1.3 ps/km nm, which is in good agreement with theoretical results. The present experiment confirms that it is beneficial to use such fibres for large-capacity and long-distance transmission media.
Comment: Mixed time/frequency domain approach to model reduction
- Author(s): Y. Bistritz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 189 –190
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800136
- Type: Article
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p.
189
–190
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Stability of certain time-varying nonlinear systems
- Author(s): S. Mossaheb
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 190 –191
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800137
- Type: Article
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p.
190
–191
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A sufficient condition for the feedback stability of the cascade of a nonlinear element and a nonlinear element with positive impulse response is given.
Simple method to determine the main Gunn domain parameters
- Author(s): M.E. Levinshtein and G.S. Simin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 191 –193
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800138
- Type: Article
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p.
191
–193
(3)
A simple analytical method to determine the maximum field, outside field and excess voltage of a stable domain is put forward for any values of the carrier concentration, sample length and bias. This method provides good agreement with the exact solutions, for both stable-domain and transient processes in Gunn diodes.
Adiabatic method for fibres with nonseparable index profiles
- Author(s): A. Barthelemy and J. Arnaud
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 193 –195
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800139
- Type: Article
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p.
193
–195
(3)
A new powerful numerical technique is proposed that quickly gives the propagation constants, group velocities and caustics of modes with specified numbers in multimode fibres of arbitrary 2-dimensional index profiles. This method is based on the adiabatic approximation of ray optics.
Adjustable magnetostatic surface-wave multistrip directional coupler
- Author(s): J.P. Castera and P. Hartemann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 195 –196
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800140
- Type: Article
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195
–196
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An adjustable magnetostatic surface wave (m.s.s.w.) directional multistrip coupler realised on an epitaxial yttrium iron garnet (y.i.g.) film is described. A 100% power transfer from one track to the other has been obtained at 2.5 GHz. The directional coupling has frequency filtering characteristics due to the dispersion of m.s.s.w. and the coupling is adjustable by an applied magnetic field.
Generation of nanosecond high-voltage pulses with high repetition rate
- Author(s): M. Kowatsch and J. Lafferl
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 196 –198
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800141
- Type: Article
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p.
196
–198
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The letter presents a circuit for the generation of 50 V pulses with 1.2 ns rise time, 2.5 ns duration and a variable pulse repetition frequency up to 3 MHz based on the effect of avalanche multiplication. The use of standard epitaxial silicon planar transistors instead of selected avalanche types permits safe operation with low sensitivity to temperature variations.
Transform-domain spectrum extrapolator for efficient picture transmission
- Author(s): N. Kumar ; N.B. Chakraborti ; A.K. Mukherjee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 198 –199
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800142
- Type: Article
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198
–199
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A method for spectrum extrapolation is discussed which utilises the transform-domain cross-correlation to estimate the discarded components by solving simple simultaneous equations. A scheme for transmission which uses extrapolation in both the transmitter and the receiver is proposed.
Penalties of hard decision in signal detection
- Author(s): T.C. Tozer and J. Kollerstrom
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 5, p. 199 –200
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800143
- Type: Article
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199
–200
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The detection of binary antipodal signals in the presence of white Gaussian noise is considered. The classical error probabilities, using ideal matched-filter detection for the complete signal waveform, are compared with those where hard decisions are made on subsections of the waveform. It is shown that a penalty of about 2 dB arises from this technique.
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