Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 16, Issue 1, 3 January 1980
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 16, Issue 1
3 January 1980
Planar n-GaAs/N-GaAlAs microwave diodes
- Author(s): A. Lechner ; M. Kneidinger ; R. Kuch
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 1 –2
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800001
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1
–2
(2)
Planar microwave diodes have been fabricated from n-GaAs/N-(GaAl)As heterojunction layers grown on semi-insulating substrates by l.p.e. The diodes have successfully been used for detection and, for the first time, for down-conversion of X- and Ku-band signals, indicating that this type of diode is an attractive substitute for the Schottky-barrier diode.
Novel circuit implementation of current conveyors using an o.a. and an o.t.a
- Author(s): Raj Senani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 2 –3
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800002
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
2
–3
(2)
A novel three-port active R circuit is proposed which is capable of implementing all the four forms of current conveyors (namely c.c.I+, c.c.I−, c.c.II+ and c.c.II−) through appropriate adjustments, by employing an operational amplifier, an operational transconductance amplifier and only two resistors.
Improved microprocessor-controlled pedestrian data-acquisition system
- Author(s): S.S. Mudaly
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 3 –5
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800003
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
3
–5
(3)
In a previous letter a novel pedestrian data acquisition system was described. Inclusion of a microprocessor has since resulted in portable self-contained inexpensive instrumentation. Additional hardware redundancies have been included to improve the count accuracy at junctions and bends. A superior recording format has increased the efficiency of the system.
Conrad's rule for phase-modulation spectra
- Author(s): J.M. Noras
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 5 –6
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800004
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
5
–6
(2)
A simple two parameter expression is derived for the spectral density resulting from phase modulation by a Gaussian signal. The effective bandwidth is not as given by Conrad's rule.
E.I.R.P. allocation in single-destination f.d.m.a. satellite communication systems
- Author(s): P.M. Bakken and T. Maseng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 6 –7
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800005
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
6
–7
(2)
The optimum allocation of downlink e.i.r.p. in a satellite communication system utilising single-destination f.d.m.a. carriers and a downlink multiple-beam antenna (m.b.a.) is considered. The optimum gain setting for the m.b.a. is determined and it is shown that this setting is independent of the level of the intermodulation and front-end noise generated by the satellite. The optimum allocation is expressed in terms of simple formulae which can be used for adaptive as well as static allocation of satellite power and antenna gain.
simultaneous feedback control of bias and modulation currents for injection lasers
- Author(s): F.S. Chen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 7 –8
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800006
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
7
–8
(2)
A feedback circuit is described which regulates the light output from an injection laser through simultaneous independent control of bias current and modulation current. The circuit is capable of preserving a large extinction ratio and it is independent of the duty cycle of the modulating signal. Experiments were performed on simulated ‘lasers’ and the results are discussed.
Polarisation-independent optical circulator coupled with multimode fibres
- Author(s): Takao Matsumoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 8 –9
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800007
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
8
–9
(2)
An experiment on a polarisation-independent optical circulator coupled with graded-index fibres was performed. Insertion losses of 2.5–2.9 dB and isolation ratios of 15–34 dB among nonreciprocal ports were measured, at 1.27 μm wavelength.
Acoustic microscopy in gases
- Author(s): C.R. Petts and H.K. Wickramasinghe
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 9 –10
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800008
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
9
–10
(2)
A novel coupling medium for acoustic microscopy is proposed, viz gas under elevated pressures. Using a frequency of 45 MHz in argon at 30 atmospheres, a resolution close to the theoretical limit has been reached. We predict that it should be possible, working at less than 400 atmospheres and at higher frequencies, to achieve a resolution better than 1000 Å.
Triple-ball connector using fibre-bead location
- Author(s): D.B. Payne and C.A. Millar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 11 –12
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800009
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
11
–12
(2)
The formation of bead terminations on optical fibres by heating produces an integral alignment element which can be used to improve the performance of optical-fibre connectors. The results of the technique applied to the triple-ball connector are discussed, although the method can be implemented in other connector designs.
Determination of modal amplitudes by resolution of radiation patterns
- Author(s): N. Sridhar ; T.K. Sen ; G.P. Srivastava
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 12 –13
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800010
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
12
–13
(2)
A simple and accurate method for the determination of the relative level of excitation of higher-order modes in over-moded waveguides is presented. The method relies on the change of amplitude and phase of the radiation fields of the open ended waveguide when the length of the guide is varied. Good agreement with the theoretical results is observed for a circumferentially corrugated waveguide operated near 10 GHz. Only the change in length and not the length of the guide itself need be precisely known.
Comment: Higher-mode cutoff in elliptical dielectric waveguides
- Author(s): J. Citerne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 13 –14
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800011
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
13
–14
(2)
Reply: Higher-mode cutoff in elliptical dielectric waveguides
- Author(s): J.R. Cozens and R.B. Dyott
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, page: 14 –14
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800012
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
14
(1)
Coupling efficiency calculations on an integrated l.e.d./sphere-lens source for optical fibres
- Author(s): R.A. Abram and R.C. Goodfellow
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 14 –16
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800013
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
14
–16
(3)
The letter reports some numerical calculations on the power accepted by an optical fibre (n.a. = 0.16, radius 42.5 μm) from an l.e.d. with an integrated hemispherical lens. It is shown that the launched power is much higher than in simple close coupling of the source, and that there is an optimum radius of 2–3 μm for the source.
Interpolatory quadrature rules and error rate of digital communication systems
- Author(s): Angelo Luvison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 16 –17
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800014
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
16
–17
(2)
A simple numerical technique is proposed for the construction of the estimate of integrals which represent the average error probability of many digital communication systems. Since these integrals are expressed as the expectation of some function of a random variable, their evaluation can be based on the knowledge of a number of moments of the variable. This is investigated from the viewpoint of discussing an algorithm based on interpolatory quadrature formulas which have equally spaced nodes. An example shows the satisfactory performance of the proposed approach.
Treatment of noise-figure calculations in microwave transistor amplifiers
- Author(s): G.P. Young and J.O. Scanlan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 17 –18
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800015
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
17
–18
(2)
In the design of microwave transistor amplifiers it is frequently necessary to use optimisation techniques to achieve best results. In this context it is useful to be able to evaluate readily noise figure and its sensitivity with respect to elements in the amplifier network. Efficient methods for such computations are discussed in this communication.
Rank-invariant transformations and controllability of large-scale systems
- Author(s): C. Schizas and F.J. Evans
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 19 –20
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800016
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
19
–20
(2)
The relevance of structure to the exact determination of rank in large-scale systems is discussed, with particular reference to state transformations and the conditions for controllability (observability). The structural aspects are related to a mapping of the system into a directed graph.
Use of trimethylantimony and trimethylarsenic for organometallic v.p.e. growth of GAAs1-ySby and Ga1-xInxAs
- Author(s): C.B. Cooper ; M.J. Ludowise ; V. Aebi ; R.L. Moon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 20 –21
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800017
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
20
–21
(2)
The use of trimethylarsenic and trimethylantimony as group V sources for the organometallic v.p.e. growth of GaAs1-ySby (0 ≤ y ≤ 0.11) and Ga1-xInxAs(x ≈ 0.29) is reported. No room-temperature reaction is observed between triethylindium and trimethylarsenic and the growths are made at ambient pressure with no special reactor modifications.
Transitional multiple-pole transfer functions for active-filter design
- Author(s): V.S. Stojanović and V.D. Pavlović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 21 –22
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800018
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
21
–22
(2)
A new class of all-pole transfer functions for the design of RC active filters is described. The transfer functions of these filters, which can be referred to as transitional Mucromaf-Mucroer filters, are of higher degree than the previously described transitional Butterworth-Cheby̅shev filters satisfying the same specifications, but provide much lower values of the critical pole Q-factor.
Photo-f.e.t. method: high-resolution deep-level measurement technique using a m.e.s.f.e.t. structure
- Author(s): F.J. Tegude and K. Heime
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 22 –23
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800019
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
22
–23
(2)
M.E.S.F.E.T.s with channels produced by diffusion from spun-on emulsion films into semi-insulating GaAs were investigated by a new technique: the photo-f.e.t. method. The advantage over the commonly used photocapacitance method is outlined and measurements are presented.
Minimum-distortion functional for one-dimensional quantisation
- Author(s): H. Vincent Poor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 23 –25
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800020
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
23
–25
(3)
The minimum rth-mean distortion resulting from quantisation of a one-dimensional signal is considered. In particular, the worst-case value of this minimum distortion is examined for signals satisfying rth-moment constraints. Numerical results are presented for the particular cases of minimum-mean-squared-error (r = 2) and minimum-mean-absolute-error (r = 1) quantisation.
Bottom-plate stray-insensitive bilinear switched-capacitor integrators
- Author(s): D.C. Von Gruningen ; U.W. Brugger ; B.J. Hosticka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 25 –26
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800021
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
25
–26
(2)
Switched-capacitor bilinear integrators are introduced which enable the exact design of leapfrog filters. The resulting networks are completely insensitive to the stray capacitances of the bottom plates.
Certain ineffective parametric interactions
- Author(s): B.Z. Kaplan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 26 –27
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800022
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
26
–27
(2)
The letter discusses a situation where both reactances of a resonator are pumped together in unison. It is shown that this mode of pumping does not yield a parametric excitation. This result may be of practical relevance in treating certain microwave and optical systems.
Perturbation theory for the evaluation of the normalised cutoff frequencies in radially inhomogeneous fibres
- Author(s): J.P. Meunier ; J. Pigeon ; J.N. Massot
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 27 –29
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800023
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
27
–29
(3)
A simple perturbation theory has been used to study the normalised cutoff frequencies of radially inhomogeneous fibres. The formalism has been developed with a truncated parabolic-index profile as zero-order solution. Numerical calculations have been carried out for α-profiles and have been found to be in good agreement with more rigorous approaches reported by previous authors.
Precision time-domain measurement system
- Author(s): Caspers Friedhelm
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 29 –30
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800024
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
29
–30
(2)
For an accurate comparison of two pulse signals on one channel of a sampling system, an alternating pretrigger shift is used. Simultaneously, a quartz-stable c.w. sine gives a precise time reference. A programmable data-acquisition system performs control and output operations. After averaging, the usable dynamic range is 70 dB with noise and drifts below 0.2 mVeff
High-gain flat-plate phase-monopulse antenna
- Author(s): R.J. Dewey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 30 –32
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800025
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
30
–32
(3)
The radiation properties of a crossfed microstrip array antenna are examined. It is shown that the antenna phase-difference characteristic is theoretically ambiguity-free over all angles. Experimental results confirm that the instantaneous field of view (i.f.o.v.) of a microstrip phase-monopulse array antenna is widened by a factor of 3 compared to two separate antennas in contact.
Graded monomode fibres and planar waveguides
- Author(s): R.A. Sammut and A.W. Snyder
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 32 –34
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800026
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
32
–34
(3)
A method is presented for the analytical characterisation of monomode, circularly symmetric or planar, waveguides with arbitrary refractive-index profiles in terms of much simpler ‘equivalent waveguides’. The method is also used to derive the only known examples of practically significant monomode-fibre profiles with completely analytical descriptions, i.e. not even requiring the solution of an eigenvalue equation.
Bandwidth of distorted multimode waveguides excited by laser sources
- Author(s): J. Arnaud and M. Rousseau-Leberre
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 34 –35
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800027
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
34
–35
(2)
We show that the bandwidth of distorted multimode optical fibres excited by quasimonochromatic lasers is equal to the bandwidth of the undistorted fibre divided by the microbending loss measured with l.e.d. sources, to within a numerical factor. This simple result is derived for a slab model, but it may be general.
800 MHz s.a.w. timing filter for optical fibre transmission system
- Author(s): J. Minowa ; K. Nakagawa ; K. Okuno ; Y. Kobayashi ; M. Morimoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 35 –36
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800028
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
35
–36
(2)
An 800 MHz s.a.w. timing filter has been developed for optical-fibre transmission systems. The centre frequency was 800.704 MHz, loaded Q was more than 700 and the insertion loss was less than 15 dB.
Nonlinear acoustoelectroluminescence
- Author(s): A.B. Sherman ; A.A. Dobrovolsky ; V.V. Lemanov
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 37 –38
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800029
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
37
–38
(2)
The nonlinear luminescence response excited by s.a.w. was investigated. Convolution signal and higher harmonics were observed using a photomultiplier.
Optimised data windows
- Author(s): K.M.M. Prabhu and H. Renganathan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 38 –40
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800030
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
38
–40
(3)
An optimised Blackman window that gives better sidelobe attenuation with almost the same mainlobe energy content as the original Blackman window is presented. The new coefficients yield about 10 dB improvement in the first sidelobe level and almost 4.5 dB improvement in the maximum sidelobe level. Coefficients have been obtained to implement Hamming and Blackman windows in the frequency domain. Two schemes for frequency-domain windowing of the above that require no multiplication or stored constants have been suggested.
Reception of phase-locked l.f. and m.f. transmissions by receivers having ferrite-rod antennas
- Author(s): P. Knight
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 40 –41
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800031
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
40
–41
(2)
If two l.f. or m.f. transmitters share a common frequency, there is a region between them where the signals are both equal and in antiphase. Receivers with ferrite-rod antennas experience poor reception in this region only on or near the axis joining the transmitters. Elsewhere, the magnetic fields act in different directions and do not cancel; continuous good reception can then be achieved by phase-locking the transmitters.
Design and evaluation of a planar GaAlAs-GaAs bipolar transistor
- Author(s): D. Ankri and A. Scavennec
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 41 –42
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800032
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
41
–42
(2)
A planar GaAIAs-GaAs bipolar transistor using a new technological processing technique is presented: a p-type diffusion through the emitter layer is used for base contacting, making possible the use of a low Al content emitter, and leading to low values of the base resistance. A transition frequency of 1 GHz and a maximum oscillation frequency of 450 MHz have been measured on large annular geometry devices.
Nonradiative carrier loss and temperature sensitivity of threshold in 1.27 μm (GaIn)(AsP)/InP d.h. lasers
- Author(s): G.H.B. Thompson and G.D. Henshall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 42 –44
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800033
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
42
–44
(3)
A temperature-dependent nonradiative carrier loss is identified in 1.27 μm (GaIn)(AsP)/InP d.h. lasers as being responsible for the high sensitivity of threshold current to temperature. It varies according to an activation energy of between 0.09 and 0.13 eV and is superlinear in carrier concentration.
Tunable active-phase-compensated universal biquadratic filter
- Author(s): Kanak K. Tuladhar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, p. 44 –45
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800034
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
44
–45
(2)
A tunable active-phase-compensated universal biquadratic filter is presented. It is shown that for the matched amplifiers the circuit not only exhibits stable Q-factor but also tracks the pole-zero frequencies. The proposed circuit provides simultaneously four basic biquadratic realisations—notch, lowpass, highpass and bandpass.
Erratum: Measurement arrangement for direct capacitance/surface-potential recording on m.o.s. capacitor
- Author(s): H.C.G. Ligtenberg and J. Snijder
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, page: 45 –45
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800035
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
45
(1)
Erratum: Ultra low resistance ohmic contacts to n-GaAs
- Author(s): R. Stall ; C.E.C. Wood ; K. Board ; L.F. Eastman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 1, page: 45 –45
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800036
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
45
(1)
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article
