Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 15, Issue 12, 7 June 1979
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Volume 15, Issue 12
7 June 1979
Piezojunction effect of a planar n-p-n transistor for transducer aims
- Author(s): R.J. Veen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 333 –334
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790236
- Type: Article
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–334
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Measurements of the piezojunction effect of planar n-p-n transistors are reported. The principle for a pressure transducer that makes use of the variation of the base-emitter voltage as a function of the pressure is described. The transducer uses a balanced configuration to lower the temperature sensitivity. Together with the transducer transistors, an adjustment circuit and an output amplifier are integrated on the same chip. Measurements of the complete transducer show a sensitivity of 2 mV per gram exercised force.
Tailoring zero chromatic dispersion into the 1.5–1.6 μm low-loss spectral region of single-mode fibres
- Author(s): L.G. Cohen ; Chinlon Lin ; W.G. French
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 334 –335
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790237
- Type: Article
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–335
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We have designed and fabricated single-mode silica fibres that have zero chromatic dispersion within the 1.5–1.6 μm low-loss spectral region by controlling their waveguide dispersion and dopant-dependent material dispersion. These fibres have small core diameters and large core-cladding refractive-index differences, Δn = 0.018, corresponding to a 13 mole % GeO2 dopant concentration in the core. The zero-dispersion wavelength was shifted from λ0 = 1.375 μ to λ0 = 1.54 μ by decreasing the fibre core diameter from 7 μm to 4.8 μm. This ability to tailor the minimum dispersion wavelength to the ultra-low-loss region near 1.55 μm is important for designing single-mode fibres for very long distance and very high capacity optical transmission.
CdTe/Langmuir-film m.i.s. structures
- Author(s): M.C. Petty and G.G. Roberts
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 335 –336
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790238
- Type: Article
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–336
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Langmuir films based on cadmium stearate have been successfully deposited on to the surface of p-type CdTe. The measured C/V curves show, for the first time, the accumulation, depletion and weak-inversion regions typical of an ideal device. The G/V curves show a sharp peak in the depletion region at high frequencies which is thought to be due to losses at interface states. An initial estimate of the density yields an average value of 1011 states cm−2.
Relation between splice loss and mode conversion in a graded-index optical fibre
- Author(s): N. Kashima and N. Uchida
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 336 –338
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790239
- Type: Article
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–338
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To design an optical-transmission-line system, transmission characteristics of splices made by arc-fusion and V-groove methods were investigated experimentally for a graded-index optical fibre. It was found that the splice made by the arc-fusion method had a larger mode conversion than the splice made by the V-groove method for the same loss.
Roll-off shaping filter design for improving adaptive equalisation
- Author(s): Krzysztof Wesolowski
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 338 –339
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790240
- Type: Article
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–339
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Special choice of the group-delay characteristic of the roll-off shaping fitter in the high-speed data-modem transmitter is suggested. It can make the task of the linear receiving equaliser easier by partial reduction in intersymbol interference caused by the transmission channel.
S.A.W. resonators at 1.29 GHz with Q values approaching the material limit
- Author(s): William J. Tanski
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 339 –340
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790241
- Type: Article
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–340
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Two-port s.a.w. resonator filters have been fabricated at 1.29 GHz with Q values up to 7050. This experimental unloaded Q is about 87% of the material limit of 8100 at this frequency. Details of the device design are given and salient features of the fabrication process are outlined. The experimental results are discussed, demonstrating sufficient knowledge to permit fabrication of useful devices at supra-GHz frequencies.
Effects of emitter edge dislocations on the low frequency noise of silicon planar n-p-n transistors
- Author(s): N.D. Stojadinović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 340 –342
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790242
- Type: Article
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–342
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It is shown that the low-frequency noise in silicon planar n-p-n transistors is affected mainly by the emitter edge dislocations created during emitter phosphorus diffusion.
Internal stress and degradation in short-wavelength AlGaAs double heterojunction devices
- Author(s): I. Ladany ; T.R. Furman ; D.P. Marinelli
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 342 –343
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790243
- Type: Article
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–343
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Aging tests of incoherently operated zinc-doped double-heterojunction(d.h.) lasers designed for short-wavelength (0.71–0.72 μm) operation show that the introduction of buffer layers between the substrate and the d.h. structure leads to a drastic reduction in gradual degradation. This is attributed to a decrease in lattice mismatch stress.
TEon-mode filters for the v.l.a. circular waveguide system
- Author(s): J.W. Archer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 343 –345
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790244
- Type: Article
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–345
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The design of a mechanically simple TEon (n ≥ 2) mode filter for overmoded circular waveguide is described. The filter operating from 26.14 to 47.85 GHz, presents a higher attenuation to all TEon-modes than any currently available alternative design.
Sine-cosine squared-magnitude function for maximally flat digital bandpass filters with adjustable skirt selectivities
- Author(s): P. Thajchayapong and F. Cheevasuvit
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 345 –346
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790245
- Type: Article
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–346
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A sine-cosine squared-magnitude function for a digital bandpass filter is proposed. It offers a maximally flat passband magnitude response and more flexibility on the number of exchangeable zeros at ωT = 0 and ωT = π rad.
Self-tuning controller steady-state error
- Author(s): A.Y. Allidina and F.M. Hughes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 346 –347
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790246
- Type: Article
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p.
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–347
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The steady-state error associated with the type of self-tuning controller that minimises a cost function incorporating system-input, output and set-point variations is investigated. A method is proposed that eliminates this error without degrading performance.
Error-feedback digital filters
- Author(s): Tien-Lin Chang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 348 –349
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790247
- Type: Article
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p.
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–349
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It is shown that the recursive digital filter1 employing the residue retention techniques of digital differential analysers and error-feedback digital filters2.3 are functionally equivalent. However, the error-feedback formulation can be readily extended to higher-order filters and clearly shows when error feedback should be used.
Detection of minority-carrier traps using transient spectroscopy
- Author(s): R. Brunwin ; B. Hamilton ; P. Jordan ; A.R. Peaker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 349 –350
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790248
- Type: Article
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–350
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A technique for measuring the properties of deep states which trap minority carriers in the depletion region of a Schottky barrier is described. By combining minority-carrier capture and d.l.t.s. the method enables states to be separated according to their capture cross-sections as well as their emission properties. Results on GaP are described.
Discrete frequency synthesis using an analogue r.o.m.
- Author(s): G.F. Manes and C. Atzeni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 350 –352
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790249
- Type: Article
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–352
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A new analogue frequency synthesiser is introduced and experimentally demonstrated. It is based on a tapped delay line driven by a sinusoidal waveform, which provides analogue sinusoidal samples permanently stored at the output of the individual taps, thus operating as an analogue r.o.m. Frequency synthesis is accomplished by selectively reading-out these sinusoidal samples at a fixed clock rate through an analogue multiplexer. This system represents the analogue counterpart of a digital frequency synthesiser described by other authors, thus allowing similar architectures to be implemented for the generation of a large set of frequencies using analogue operations.
Streak and spot detection in digital pictures
- Author(s): B.G. Batchelor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 352 –353
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790250
- Type: Article
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–353
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A procedure is discussed for detecting dark streaks and spots (intensity anomalies) in a digital picture. The algorithm is insensitive to intensity cliffs and plateaux edges, and it can be finely ‘tuned’ to accept anomalies of a given size while rejecting others. It has been successfully applied to the detection of scratches on the internal surfaces of hydraulics cylinders and results were presented in an earlier paper. The present article discusses the properties of the algorithm and demonstrates its behaviour on a test picture.
Engineering approach to the L∞-norm scaling of bilinear digital filters
- Author(s): D.T. Nguyen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 353 –355
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790251
- Type: Article
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–355
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Signal and coefficient norm-scaling to avoid autonomous overflow oscillations in digital filters has been discussed by Jackson. Simple expressions for the L∞-norms of the state variables of bilinear digital filters are given here for engineering applications. The canonical direct form and the cross-coupled minimum-norm realisations are considered.
New rigorous analysis of the step discontinuity in a slab dielectric waveguide
- Author(s): Ph. Gelin ; M. Petenzi ; J. Citerne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 355 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790252
- Type: Article
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–356
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The scattering of the even TE guided modes incident on a step discontinuity in a planner dielectric waveguide is analysed by means of a novel integral formulation. An accurate numerical solution is obtained from an iterative procedure needing a successive order of approximation in the scattering mechanism.
Transitional Murromaf–Murroer filters
- Author(s): V.S. Stojanović and V.D. Pavlović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 356 –357
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790253
- Type: Article
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–357
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A new class of lowpass filters with all transmission zeros at infinity, having equal-ripple behaviour in the passband, is described. The transfer function of these filters, referred to as transitional Murromaf-Murroer filters, is obtained by adding the multiple real poles and reducing the number of complex pole pairs to realise a lowpass RC active filter with a reduced number of amplifiers with respect to the classical transitional Butterworth-Cheby̅shev filters.
Nondestructive refractive-index profile measurement of elliptical optical fibre or preform
- Author(s): P.L. Chu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 357 –358
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790254
- Type: Article
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p.
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–358
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A nondestructive method of determining the refractive-index profile of an elliptic optical fibre or preform is reported. For the fibre, the pathlength data obtained from interference microscopic measurement are used. For the preform, the ray exit angles are used. These data are put into an integral that can be inverted numerically to obtain the reconstructed profile.
Self-adaptive Kalman filter
- Author(s): Peter Young
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 358 –360
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790255
- Type: Article
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p.
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–360
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It is shown how the refined instrumental variable (r.i.v.) method of recursive parameter estimation can be modified simply so that it functions as an optimal adaptive filter and state-estimation algorithm.
Optimal input for stochastic linear discrete systems as a function of input and output variables
- Author(s): C.S. Berger
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, p. 360 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790256
- Type: Article
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An asymptotically optimal input for a plant disturbed by coloured noise is obtained directly in terms of input and output variables.
Erratum: Method for designing recursive digital filters with short wordlength
- Author(s): Kwan Hon-Keung
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790257
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Multipath propagation in line-of-sight links
- Author(s): L. Boithias
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790258
- Type: Article
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Erratum: 1.5 μm optical transmission experiments using very low-loss single-mode fibre
- Author(s): S. Machida
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790259
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Digital processing technique for suppressing the interfering outputs in the image from an inline hologram
- Author(s): K.H.S. Marie ; J.C. Bennett ; A.P. Anderson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790260
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Characteristic function for quasielliptic filters
- Author(s): B.D. Rakovich and M.V. Popovich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790261
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Technique for triple-transit suppression in surface-acoustic-wave delay lines
- Author(s): W.J. Tanski and H. van de Vaart
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 15, Issue 12, page: 361 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19790262
- Type: Article
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