Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 11, Issue 7, 3 April 1975
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Volume 11, Issue 7
3 April 1975
Ideal 2-port invertor networks using operational amplifiers
- Author(s): Jacqueline Glover
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 137 –138
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750104
- Type: Article
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Ideal 2-port invertor network realisations are given in tabulated form, using one basic network topology. The B and C elements of the transmission matrix T (T=A, B; C, D) representing these invertors are controlled independently and can be real, imaginary or complex.
Pulsed-laser application to sampling oscilloscope
- Author(s): R.A. Lawton and J.R. Andrews
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, page: 138 –138
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750105
- Type: Article
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An optically strobed sampling oscilloscope is described in which a GaAs laser diode is used to strobe a GaAs photoconductive sampling gate.
Dispersion in optical waveguides with graded refractive index
- Author(s): S. Geckeler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 139 –140
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750106
- Type: Article
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Dispersion in graded-index optical fibres can be calculated by ray-optical or wave-optical methods. This letter reports a seeming discrepancy between the results of both methods: in a fibre with a refractive profile that has been optimised by the WKB wave-optical method, helical rays may occur with a much larger transit-time spread than the modes computed with the WKB method. The question is what transit-time spread is relevant for the bandwidth of the fibre.
Efficient microwave p+–n–p+ BARITT diodes
- Author(s): J. Freyer and W. Harth
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 140 –141
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750107
- Type: Article
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The technology and properties of p+–n–p+ BARITT diodes are described. A maximum output power of 85 mW and a maximum efficiency of 2.6% are obtained at an operating frequency of 8 GHz.
Improved describing function for hysteresis
- Author(s): P. Atkinson and P.J. Thomas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 141 –142
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750108
- Type: Article
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A new and more accurate approximation for the describing function for hysteresis with saturation is described. This is based on a set of parallelograms with flat tops and gives rise to a single point on the Nyquist diagram which then becomes the stability bound.
Electrochromism in hydrated tungsten-oxide films
- Author(s): R. Hurditch
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 142 –144
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750109
- Type: Article
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Studies of electrochromism in evaporated and chemically prepared tungsten-oxide films have shown that electrocoloration takes place only in films containing H2O. A model is proposed in which the electrocoloration process is attributed to the formation of a ‘tungsten-blue’ phase following cathodic reduction by active hydrogen.
Pseudorandom 250 Mb/s modulation of GaAs l.e.d.s
- Author(s): R.W. Dawson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 144 –145
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750110
- Type: Article
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Effective direct modulation of a GaAs l.e.d. was demonstrated with a 250 Mb/s optical-repeater experiment. A GaAs l.e.d. transmitted a high-quality p.c.m. pseudorandom bit stream, which permitted the received signal to be regenerated with predicted error rates.
Upper bound for signal/noise ratio for instantaneously companded delta-modulation systems
- Author(s): R. Steele and S.D. Cridge
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 145 –147
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750111
- Type: Article
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Instantaneously companded delta modulators are able to produce a wide range of step changes in the feedback waveform, and the step change can vary by substantial amounts between adjacent clock periods. In spite of this ability, the peak s.n.r.s achieved by these modulation systems are not substantially greater than those of the linear delta-modulation ones. To assess the potential of instantaneously companded delta-modulation systems, an optimum one is considered, and its s.n.r. as a function of clock rate is compared with those of the linear and 2nd-order constant-factor delta-modulation codecs. It is shown that the optimum codec has much the larger s.n.r., but exchanges this s.n.r. for increasing channel bit rate in a way similar to that of the linear delta-modulation system.
Comparison of noise-measured and theoretical value of base spreading resistance for an interdigitated transistor
- Author(s): K.F. Knott and R.T. Unwin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 147 –148
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750112
- Type: Article
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The base spreading resistance of a bipolar interdigitated transistor has been measured by a noise-measuring technique. The results compare favourably with calculation.
Parallel thinning of binary pictures
- Author(s): C. Arcelli ; L. Cordella ; S. Levialdi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 148 –149
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750113
- Type: Article
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Sticklike figures can be obtained through the sequential application of a set of eight masks, each one applied in parallel. During the process, components neither disconnect nor vanish. Particular emphasis is given to the simplicity and speed of the algorithm when implemented on a parallel machine.
Optimum packet size for data networks with random channel errors
- Author(s): A.A. Shamim and J.C. Majithia
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 149 –150
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750114
- Type: Article
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The formula for the optimum packet size required for maximum utilisation of network lines can be derived in several different ways, under a usual assumption of error-free transmission lines/channels. An analysis based on the concept of minimisation of network overheads is used to derive the optimum packet size for lines having random-error characteristics. The messages are assumed to have a Poisson distribution, and the network uses a stop-and-wait strategy for error detection and correction.
Output-resistance properties of the GaAs Schottky-gate field-effect transistor in saturation
- Author(s): P. Rossel and J.J. Cabot
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 150 –152
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750115
- Type: Article
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Some new experimentally observed properties of the output resistance of GaAs Schottky-gate f.e.t.s in saturation are described. A phenomenological model is proposed in which the structure is divided into two sections: a source section, where the approximation is assumed to be gradual, and a drain section, where the drain current is included in the ‘equivalent doping’. At high drain currents, the experimental results are found to correspond well with the theory.
Performance of a multilevel d.c.p.s.k. system in the presence of interference and Gaussian noise
- Author(s): R. Wood
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 152 –153
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750116
- Type: Article
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Study of a multilevel d.c.p.s.k. system leads to the consideration of pairs of adjacent symbol vectors which depend on instantaneous levels. An analytic evaluation is made of symbol error probability for a general pair of such vectors in the presence of Gaussian noise.
Silicone-clad fused-silica-core fibre
- Author(s): S. Tanaka ; K. Inada ; T. Akimoto ; M. Kozima
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 153 –154
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750117
- Type: Article
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We have developed a very-low-loss optical fibre employing silicone resin as the cladding and fused silica as the core. The minimum transmission loss was 3.2 dB/km at 0.84 μm and the half-pulse width spread was 19 ns/km at 0.80 μm.
Radiation pattern of a corrugated conical horn in terms of Laguerre-Gaussian functions
- Author(s): C. Aubry and D. Bitter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, p. 154 –156
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750118
- Type: Article
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Many papers can be found on radiation properties of corrugated feeds. The radiated field is described either by means of the Kirchhoff-Huyghens formula, or with a spherical mode expansion. In both cases, especially where the horn is long, the computation may be important. In this letter we present a third method founded on a Laguerre-Gaussian expansion in cylindrical coordinates.
Erratum: Disturbance localisation in linear time-invariant multivariable systems
- Author(s): S.L. Shah ; D.G. Fisher ; D.E. Seborg
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 7, page: 156 –156
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750119
- Type: Article
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