Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 11, Issue 25-26, 11 December 1975
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 11, Issue 25
11 December 1975
Design procedures for a printed-circuit-board transmission-line transformer
- Author(s): J.W. Chamberlayne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 609 –610
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750464
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
609
–610
(2)
A method of design is given for transmission-line transformers operating up to the gigahertz region, using printed-circuit-board spiral lines which fit inside an RM core. Results of measurements on a 2:1 transformer made to this design and which has a passband from 150 kHz to 1 GHz are given.
Magnetically tuned surface-acoustic-wave phase shifter
- Author(s): A.K. Ganguly ; K.L. Davis ; D.C. Webb ; C. Vittoria ; D.W. Forester
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 610 –611
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750465
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
610
–611
(2)
A novel technique for achieving variable phase shift in surface-acoustic-wave devices is demonstrated. By depositing a thin film of magnetostrictive material onto the surface of a conventional surface-acoustic-wave delay line, the wave velocity can be varied by adjusting an externally applied magnetic field. Experimental results are presented for a nickel film on a lithium-niobate substrate, and several possible applications are mentioned.
Broadband cylindrical antenna with continuous resistive and concentrated capacitive loadings
- Author(s): B.D. Popović ; M.B. Dragović ; DJ.S. Paunović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 611 –613
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750466
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
611
–613
(3)
A broadband cylindrical antenna with continuous resistive and concentrated capacitive loadings was constructed and investigated theoretically and experimentally. The antenna was found to have very good broadband properties, both in admittance and radiation pattern, and an efficiency considerably higher than that of purely resistive broadband cylindrical antenna.
Multistable circuit using complementary field-effect transistors
- Author(s): M.M. Abu-Zeid and C. Kerssen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 613 –614
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750467
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
613
–614
(2)
A 2-terminal circuit formed by two series-connected mutually biased complementary depletion-mode field-effect transistors conducts within a limited voltage range. A parallel combination of such circuits with varying biases has a periodic characteristic with the voltage a multivalued function of the current. A multistable circuit that uses this characteristic is presented.
Acoustic-surface-wave convolver on epitaxial gallium arsenide
- Author(s): A.O.W. Spiermann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 614 –615
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750468
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
614
–615
(2)
A meander-gate field-effect transistor on epitaxial GaAs is used as an acoustic-surface-wave convolver. A bilinear coefficient as high as 2×10−4 mW−1 has been measured at 260 MHz. The active area is only 1.8 mm long and the acoustic beam width is 0.7 mm.
Compatible 2-channel encoding of surround sound
- Author(s): M.A. Gerzon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 615 –617
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750469
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
615
–617
(3)
Several families of methods are discussed for encoding 2-channel surround sound, with a view to optimising mono and stereo compatibility. We discuss the mono balance, stereo image width and phasiness of various systems with symmetric circle, nonsymmetric circle and ‘bent circle’ loci on the representational sphere.
Analysis of the noncollinear acousto-optic filter
- Author(s): I.C. Chang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 617 –618
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750470
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
617
–618
(2)
Theoretical analysis of an acousto-optic filter using noncollinear interaction is presented. The various characteristics of the filter, including tuning curve, resolution, angular aperture and deflection angle, are determined. The theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the measured results of a TeO2 filter.
Static characteristics of extremely thin gate oxide m.o.s. transistors
- Author(s): Hayashi Yutaka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 618 –620
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750471
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
618
–620
(3)
The drain current of an extremely thin gate oxide m.o.s. transistor shows an exponential dependence both on drain voltage and gate voltage, even in the ‘postthreshold’ region. The input gate current of a device with 20 Å gate oxide is estimated to be negligible for a logic-circuit operation with 0.2 V supply voltage.
Miniature ultra-broad-band voltage probe
- Author(s): R.H. Annandale and J.E. Carroll
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 620 –621
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750472
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
620
–621
(2)
A miniature voltage probe giving a good response over 2–18 GHz is described. It is constructed from standard OSSM line of approximately 2 mm diameter, and has been used in a miniature l.s.a. circuit for measuring Gunn-diode l.s.a. waveforms with harmonics up to 14 GHz.
Ideal ohmic contacts to InP
- Author(s): H.T. Mills and H.L. Hartnagel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 621 –622
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750473
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
621
–622
(2)
A new method of producing ohmic contacts to semiconducting n-type InP by the use of a slow alloying cycle with a P overpressure has resulted in improved contact fabrication. Gunn devices were produced with these contacts for the anode and cathode and their microwave characteristics were measured.
RC immitances and periodically switched networks
- Author(s): L. Baker and S.D. Bedrosian
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 622 –623
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750474
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
622
–623
(2)
Practical applications have motivated the design of a variety of lumped-element networks, including one or more periodically operating switches. A systematic procedure is presented for obtaining the equivalence of such switched networks and RC 1-port networks.
General excitation table for a JK multistable
- Author(s): J.I. Acha and J.L. Huertas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, page: 624 –624
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750475
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
624
(1)
The excitation table of a general P-valued JK-type multistable is developed. This table does not depend on the number of levels of the logic to be used.
Prescriptive method for deriving control policy in a fuzzy-logic controller
- Author(s): E.H. Mamdani and N. Baaklini
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 625 –626
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750476
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
625
–626
(2)
A method of controlling a plant by a fuzzy algorithm has been proposed earlier. This method requires the complete description of the control policy as linguistic rules. Here we give a prescriptive method for deriving the best policy during run time. Results suggest the method is useful when the plant is subject to time-varying parameter changes and unknown disturbances.
Computation of the scattering matrix of a class of reciprocal lossless 2-ports from one short-circuit measurement
- Author(s): G. Barabino ; S. Ridella ; U. Candito
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 626 –628
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750477
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
626
–628
(3)
A procedure has been developed for the identification of a class of generalised transmission lines by starting from the measurement of the reflection coefficient at one port, while the other one is short circuited. The procedure is implemented on a small digital computer and uses the properties of the discrete Fourier transform and digital signal processing.
Irrelevant shifts of black–white transitions for efficient run-length coding of graphics
- Author(s): V. Märgner and P. Zamperoni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, page: 628 –628
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750478
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
628
(1)
For more efficient run length coding of 2-level images, a code is described in which some run lengths have been eliminated, in order to allow a higher run-length count with a given codeword length. This causes irrelevant 1 pel shifts of the black–white transitions in the processed picture.
Relationship between maximal parallelism and maximal simultaneity in a directed-graph model of parallel computation
- Author(s): D. Bain
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 629 –630
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750479
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
629
–630
(2)
The relationship between maxima parallelism and simultaneity in parallel computation schemata is demonstrated, and it is shown that a single procedure is sufficient for transforming a determinate schema into one exhibiting both these properties. A practical consequence of this procedure is that parallel hardware may be designed initially in a serial fashion.
Propagating avalanche-zone mode for high-efficiency GaAs lo–hi–lo IMPATT structures
- Author(s): P.A. Blakey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 630 –631
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750480
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
630
–631
(2)
The superiority of high-efficiency hi–lo and lo–hi–lo impatt structures over conventional structures and the distinctive tuning characteristics of these structures have been largely explained in terms of a variety of drift-region mechanisms common to both structures. There are, however, sometimes distinct differences between the large-signal behaviour of the two structures, and these have not been explained so far. In the letter, a reason for the differences is suggested: it is shown that large-signal impatt oscillations may trigger a ‘propagating avalanche-zone mode’ in lo–hi–lo structures, but that this will not happen in hi–lo structures. The existence of such a mode is thought to be capable of explaining observed differences between the large-signal properties of the two structures.
Computing the zeros of systems
- Author(s): K.J. Khatwani and J.S. Bajwa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 631 –632
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750481
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
631
–632
(2)
Shamashs's method for determining the numerator a transfer function between a particular output and input of a multivariable system has been modified by the use of a continued fraction to effect a saving in computational effort.
Optimally aggregated models of high-order systems
- Author(s): J. Hickin and N.K. Sinha
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 632 –633
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750482
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
632
–633
(2)
A straightforward scheme for generating optimally aggregated models of high-order systems is presented. The simplicity of the scheme is a direct result of generalising the model forms under consideration. The interesting case of optimal projection along invariant subspaces is a special case. Finally, the notion of quasioptimal aggregated models is introduced, which reduces computation considerably.
Ray-tracing technique for evaluating the dispersion characteristics of graded-index cylindrical fibres
- Author(s): P.F. Checcacci ; R. Falciai ; A.M. Scheggi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 633 –635
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750483
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
633
–635
(3)
A method which uses ray-tracing techniques and modal relations is sketched for the determination of the dispersion characteristics of cylindrical fibres with radial graded-index distribution. Examples of the results obtained are described, which show how it is possible, applying this procedure, to fully analyse propagation in optical fibres with any refractive-index distribution.
ATS-6 satellite 20 GHz propagation measurements at low elevation angles
- Author(s): W.L. Stutzman ; C.W. Bostian ; E.A. Manus ; R.E. Marshall ; P.H. Wiley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 635 –636
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750484
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
635
–636
(2)
The 20 GHz downlink from the ATS-6 satellite was monitored almost continuously for low elevation angles (below 9°). The authors measured the copolarised and crosspolarised signals received, as well as the local rain rate. Data are presented for clear-weather scintillations, rain attenuation, depolarisation and other effects.
Extended-dynamic-range measurements on transmitter noise and intermodulation
- Author(s): H.T. Al Hafid and J.G. Gardiner
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 636 –638
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750485
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
636
–638
(3)
A measurement technique is reported for the investigation of intermodulation and noise spectra from VHF transmitters operating at full power and with controlled mutual coupling.
GaAs planar Gunn digital devices by sulphur-ion implantation
- Author(s): T. Mizutani and K. Kurumada
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 638 –639
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750486
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
638
–639
(2)
Schottky-barrier-gate Gunn-effect devices have been fabricated in n-type layers produced by sulphur-ion implantation into Cr-doped semi-insulating GaAs substrates. The device performance was examined and a satisfactory gate trigger sensitivity was obtained under d.c. bias conditions.
Stability analysis of multistage feedback amplifiers in terms of element-perturbation theory
- Author(s): T.B.M. Neill
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 639 –641
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750487
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
639
–641
(3)
Previously published analysis of the perturbations of network functions resulting from finite changes in network components is reformulated to allow the inclusion of active elements. It is then found that classical stability analysis can be simply reformulated in terms of this perturbation analysis. This leads to greatly simplified procedures for computing not only the return differences required in a basic stability, but also the perturbation of these return differences as the circuit elements vary within their tolerance limits.
Two-dimensional computer design of dual-ring thyristors
- Author(s): A. Silard ; V. Marinescu ; G. Manduteanu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 641 –642
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750488
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
641
–642
(2)
The main 2-dimensional equations are presented for the basic computer model of dual-ring amplifying gate thyristors (d.r.t.). These criteria ensure the maintenance of the very high di/dt capability of these devices in any possible triggering conditions.
Identity-transponder system using c.w. interrogation
- Author(s): C.D. McEwen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 642 –643
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750489
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
642
–643
(2)
A system is described which interrogates coded transponders with a continuous unmodulated microwave transmission at 10.7 GHz. The interrogator uses a cheap mass-produced microwave Doppler radar module, and the transponder consists of an ordinary detector diode plus a battery-powered modulator to generate the code. The miniature batteries used last about a year and 10 m range can be obtained.
Real-time crosscorrelation with linear f.m. surface-acoustic-wave filters
- Author(s): O.W. Otto and G.R. Nudd
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 25, p. 643 –644
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750490
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
643
–644
(2)
A real-time crosscorrelator using large time-bandwidth-product acoustic-surface-wave linear f.m. reflective array filters is demonstrated. Crosscorrelation is achieved by a hardware implementation of the Fourier correlation theorem. Input analogue data are processed at an 8 MHz rate in 40 μs samples. Hundreds of megahertz of bandwidth are possible with currently developed surface-wave components.
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article
