Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 11, Issue 16, 7 August 1975
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Volume 11, Issue 16
7 August 1975
RLC synthesis of certain functions with real poles and zeros not expressible as the product of an RC and an RL function
- Author(s): S. Tirtoprodjo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 357 –358
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750272
- Type: Article
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p.
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–358
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Using the new-found result that RC × RL-functions are synthesisable employing 1st-order building blocks only, a subclass of higher-order non-RC × RL functions is indicated, which needs only canonically realisable 1st-order and 2nd-order subnetworks for its straightforward RLC realisation.
Large-angle beam deflector using liquid crystals
- Author(s): A.F. Fray and D. Jones
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 358 –359
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750273
- Type: Article
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p.
358
–359
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A new type of beam deflector is described which involves an electrically induced variation of the optic axis across a liquid-crystal cell. Light polarised in the plane of the optic axis can be deflected through a half-angle of 20°, with slew rates in excess of 200°/s.
Digital filter roundoff noise calculation using the driving-point impedance
- Author(s): R. Yarlagadda and K.E. Massad
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 359 –360
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750274
- Type: Article
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p.
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–360
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A method for calculating the digital-filter output roundoff noise directly from the s domain driving-point impedance is given. This method is applicable where the bilinear transformation is used for the digital-filter design.
Output feedback controllers optimal for time-multiplied performance indices
- Author(s): M.A. Zohdy and J.D. Aplevich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 360 –361
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750275
- Type: Article
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p.
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–361
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Optimal output feedback control of linear time-invariant systems with time-multiplied quadratic performance indices is derived in this letter. Expressions for performance sensitivity to parameter variations are also presented.
Computer algorithm for optimal control of linear systems with assigned eigenvalues
- Author(s): S. Elangovan ; G. Srinivasan ; N.D. Rao
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 361 –362
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750276
- Type: Article
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p.
361
–362
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An efficient computer algorithm for designing optimal controllers of linear systems to have assigned closed-loop eigenvalues based on the eigenvector solution of the matrix Riccati equation is presented. The algorithm is illustrated with an example.
Novel active hybrid circuit and its applications
- Author(s): S.B. Park
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 362 –363
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750277
- Type: Article
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p.
362
–363
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A novel active hybrid circuit using operational amplifiers is proposed; its performance is analysed and experimental results are given. As applications, a fully integrable repeater circuit for the 2-wire telephone system and a grounded circulator are presented.
New multiple feedback active RC network
- Author(s): D.J. Perry
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 364 –365
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750278
- Type: Article
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p.
364
–365
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An alternative method of interconnecting active RC biquadratic sections to form a multiple-feedback network is presented, which, in some circumstances, uses fewer amplifiers than most other networks of this type so far published.
Numerical simulation of the spectral response and the I(V) characteristics of solar cells
- Author(s): L.M. Castañer Muñoz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 365 –366
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750279
- Type: Article
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–366
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The spectral response of p-n silicon solar cells is calculated as a generalisation of results for monochromatic light illumination. The total short-circuit current is calculated from the spectral response and used for I(V)plottings.
Accuracy of the CCIR F2 layer model at low and middle latitudes
- Author(s): J.W. King ; J.C. Samuel ; G. Thuillier
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 366 –368
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750280
- Type: Article
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–368
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The accuracy of the foF2 and hmF2 maps derived from the CCIR ionospheric model is investigated in various ways, including comparisons with airglow data from satellites, and it is concluded that the maps are generally significantly in error over ocean regions. The procedure followed in constructing the model sometimes causes the errors to extend over neighbouring continents. Methods by which the model may be improved are discussed.
Digital interpolation filters with prescribed interpolation errors
- Author(s): J. Hagenauer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 368 –369
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750281
- Type: Article
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p.
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–369
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For digital f.i.r. interpolation filters with linear phase an upper bound is given for the absolute magnitude error of the interpolated values. Starting with this prescribed interpolation error, the design procedure for the impulse response is straight forward, using appropriate window functions, e.g. the Kaiser function.
Common-gate GaAs f.e.t. oscillator
- Author(s): M. Omori and C. Nishimoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 369 –371
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750282
- Type: Article
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p.
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–371
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Frequency tuning, power and noise characteristics of a common-gate GaAs f.e.t. oscillator were investigated. By changing the common-gate lead inductance, the frequency was changed by almost two octaves. The f.m. noise of the low-Q factor f.e.t. oscillator was at the same level as that of a medium-Q factor GaAs impatt oscillator.
Logic drive circuit for 3-phase charge-coupled devices
- Author(s): C.H. Séquin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 371 –372
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750283
- Type: Article
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p.
371
–372
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A simple logic circuit is escribed which acts as a modulo-3 ring counter and provides three driving phases suitable to operate a 3-phase c.c.d. The circuit is driven by a clock, the rate of which corresponds to three times the desired element rate in the c.c.d. The pulsewidth of the clock determines the amount of mutual overlap between subsequent phases. An additional gating input permits stopping the counter in a predetermined state, such as would be required to switch a c.c.d. into the integration mode. The circuit contains only 12 gates, and when implemented with a t.t.l. high-speed logic component runs up to input clock rates of 50 MHz.
Large-signal p.c.m. behaviour of injection lasers with coherent irradiation into one of their oscillating modes
- Author(s): H. Hillbrand and P. Russer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 372 –374
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750284
- Type: Article
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p.
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–374
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The effect of coherent irradiation on the modulation characteristics is investigated theoretically. A p.c.m. simulation has been performed using a multimode rate-equation model. A significant improvement in the modulation behaviour is predicted if the laser is subject to an external irradiation.
Dispersion characteristics of the Gaussian surface-magnetostatic-wave modes in ferrite slabs
- Author(s): M. Bini ; L. Millanta ; N. Rubino
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 374 –375
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750285
- Type: Article
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p.
374
–375
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Transversely magnetised y.i.g. slabs support surface-wave propagation with an r.f. field distribution which is Gaussian rather than cosine. The experimental dispersion behaviour is reported and discussed in terms of a varying equivalent slab width.
Optical-transmission experiment at 400 mb/s using a graded-index fibre
- Author(s): T. Ito ; S. Machida ; T. Ikegami ; S. Ohara
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 375 –376
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750286
- Type: Article
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p.
375
–376
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An optical-transmission error-rate experiment is described in which a graded-index fibre up to 5 km long is used as a transmission medium. It is shown that impairments in the transmission are mainly determined by the total frequency response of the transmission medium, including the fibre and its connection.
Dual-frequency-band feed with partially-dielectric-loaded grooves
- Author(s): V.J. Vokurka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 376 –378
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750287
- Type: Article
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p.
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–378
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A simple feed with high polarisation performance, operating in two frequency bands, is described. The feed design for two arbitrarily located frequency bands with partially-dielectric-loaded grooves is discussed.
Chopping operations in wave digital filters
- Author(s): M.J.J.C. Annegarn
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 378 –380
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750288
- Type: Article
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p.
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–380
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The letter deals with a method of calculating and compensating approximately the error caused by chopping operations in wave digital filters. Stability at zero input is retained.
Transient thermal analysis of low-duty short-pulsed high-power TRAPATT diodes
- Author(s): H.C. Bowers and C.O.G. Obah
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 380 –381
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750289
- Type: Article
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p.
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–381
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The transient temperature rise of the active portions of short-pulse high-power TRAPATT-diode structures having relatively wide depletion-layer widths separated from the heatsink by appreciable physical lengths is presented.
Linear controlled amnesic immittance elements and networks
- Author(s): N.R. Malik and G.L. Jackson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 381 –383
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750290
- Type: Article
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p.
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–383
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Construction of linear voltage-controlled resistors and conductors using i.e. multipliers is demonstrated. Experimental results from a network of such elements corroborates the realisation of nonlinear amnesic driving-point and transfer curves by systematic synthesis. Applicability of linear network sensitivity calculations to such networks is experimentally verified.
Rapid-response frequency measurement using analogue period processing
- Author(s): D.C. Cooper and J.M. Kelly
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 383 –384
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750291
- Type: Article
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p.
383
–384
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A simple analogue method is described for producing a rapid and linear measure of frequency by a system whose inputs are pulses which define the beginning and end of a complete cycle of oscillation.
Reducing the effect of charge-transfer inefficiency in a c.c.d. video integrator
- Author(s): D.C. Cooper ; E.H. Darlington ; S.M. Petford ; J.B.G. Roberts
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 384 –385
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750292
- Type: Article
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p.
384
–385
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The usefulness of c.c.d.s as video integrators is limited by the charge-transfer inefficiency of the device. A method of coding the signal before passage through the c.c.d. is described which greatly reduces the effect of this inefficiency.
Model reduction using minimal realisation algorithms
- Author(s): Y. Shamash
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 385 –387
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750293
- Type: Article
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p.
385
–387
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Existing algorithms for the minimal realisation of linear systems are used to approximate high-order systems by lower-order models. The reduced models, so derived, are equivalent to those derived by the continued-fraction methods and the time-moments technique.
Eigenvalue/eigenvector assignment for multivariable systems and further results for output feedback control
- Author(s): S.L. Shah ; D.G. Fisher ; D.E. Seborg
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 388 –389
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750294
- Type: Article
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p.
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–389
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The design procedure proposed by Srinathkumar and Rhoten for eigenvalue/eigenvector assignment is reinterpreted and its relationship to the matrix pseudoinverse is pointed out. An eigenvalue/eigenvector assignment method for output feedback control of nth-order n-input m-output (m≤n) systems is also presented. Geometric interpretation of state-space equations readily shows how many, and which, elements of the closed-loop-system eigenvector or reciprocal basis vector can be specified.
Mode transit times in near-parabolic-index optical fibres
- Author(s): M.J. Adams ; D.N. Payne ; F.M.E. Sladen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 389 –391
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750295
- Type: Article
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p.
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Calculations are presented of the transit times of guided and tunnelling rays in graded-index optical fibres. It is shown that 25% of the power launched by an incoherent source into a parabolic-index fibre is carried by leaky rays, which may increase the r.m.s. width of the impulse response by up to 41%. The profile which most effectively equalises the combined transit times of both guided and tunnelling rays is given by α=2−4δ
GaAs varactor diode for u.h.f. t.v. tuners
- Author(s): Ikuo Niikura and Tohru Hara
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 391 –392
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750296
- Type: Article
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p.
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–392
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The design and fabrication of a GaAs varactor diode for u.h.f. t.v. tuners were carried out using a GaAs double epitaxial layer. The capacitance ratio of diode. C3/C25, is 6.0 and the series resistance at 470 MHz is 0.24 ω. These characteristics are much better than those of an Si diode and well satisfy the requirements for t.v. tuners.
Stripline interdigitated couplers: analysis and design considerations
- Author(s): V. Rizzoli
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 392 –393
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750297
- Type: Article
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p.
392
–393
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A straightforward method for analysing interdigitated couplers in a homogeneous dielectric medium is presented. The method yields a simple understanding of the coupler operation and allows the effect on coupler performance and feasibility of an increasing number of fingers to be studied.
Power-spectral analysis using the magnetic-delay-line processor
- Author(s): T.W. Cole
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 393 –394
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750298
- Type: Article
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p.
393
–394
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The magnetic-delay-line (m.d.l.) processor uses a wire-electrode pattern to sense and process a signal recorded on a conventional magnetic tape. Two audio-frequency applications are described and demonstrated. The first produces the proportional bandwidth or constant-Q power spectrum of a signal and the second uses the chirp Z transform to provide a real-time power spectrum of an audio signal.
Frequency-domain stability theorem for the Lurie system with multiple nonlinearities specified by sector and slope information
- Author(s): P.C. Byrne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, p. 394 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750299
- Type: Article
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A frequency-domain inequality, which is a sufficient condition for the absolute stability of the Lurie system, with m non-linearities, is derived. This inequality is an extension of the multidimensional Popov criterion obtained without slope information on the nonlinearities.
Erratum: Gain-loss measurements on a carbon-fibre composite reflector antenna
- Author(s): K.M. Keen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750300
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Complex distribution effects of thin component ohmic-contact layers on GaAs
- Author(s): B.L. Weiss and H.L. Hartnagel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750301
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Signal-error-feedforward-controlled amplifiers
- Author(s): K.B. Klaassen ; R.J. de Kok ; J.C.L. van Peppen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750302
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Simple TRAPATT circuit for 2nd-harmonic extraction
- Author(s): C.D. Corbey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750303
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Gain adjusting an optimal regulator
- Author(s): S. Mukhopadhyay
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750304
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Criterion for the stability of all moments of a particular stochastic system
- Author(s): J.L. Willems and D. Aeyels
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 11, Issue 16, page: 396 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19750305
- Type: Article
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