Communications Engineer
Volume 1, Issue 2, April 2003
Volume 1, Issue 2
April 2003
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- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, page: 2 –2
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030211
- Type: Article
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- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 3 –4
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030212
- Type: Article
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- Author(s): N. Flaherty
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 5 –8
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030201
- Type: Article
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Integrating an image sensor and image processing on a single chip has been the holy grail of the CMOS imaging industry, but even with the advent of cameras in phones, there are still very good reasons for a two chip solution. Motorola's semiconductor division has developed a mass market device that it has included in a reference platform for a mobile phone. This allows the whole system to be optimised. The VGA sensor is developed on a specialist process Motorola calls iMOS, which is moving from 0.35 μm to 0.18 μm. - Author(s): H. Hansen
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 9 –12
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030202
- Type: Article
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As multimedia messaging services (MMS) begins to take off, the big issue in becoming a success is more than just phone-to-phone interoperability - it depends on verification between multi-tier clients to multi-tier delivery platforms. As network capacity and device capabilities increase, various companies are planning the introduction of other media types such as video messages based on MMS. On the longer-term messaging road-map, as mobile telecoms move towards the third-generation 'all Internet protocol (IP)' architecture, the 3GPP has identified a possible extension of mobile messaging functionality based on the IP multimedia subsystem (IMS) and session initiation protocol (SIP). One of the attractive characteristics of SIP is the ability to create real-time sessions between groups of users, which has obvious advantages in the construction and extension of messaging services. - Author(s): G. Platt ; T. Bysted ; P. Kent
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 13 –17
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030203
- Type: Article
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71% of the world's digital mobile communications subscribers use GSM. many incorrectly consider the system as approaching its end, particularly with the advent of 3G, because it is thought to be voice-centric with low performing data capabilities. However, GSM is far from dead, and is in fact being advanced in a manner that finds it on par with 3G technologies. The manifestation of the GSM radio access network, "GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network" (GERAN) is now considered by the International Telecommunications Union as a 3G technology in its own right. It is standardised by the same Organisation as UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network), and has been positioned as a complementary component of the overall UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) communications system. - Author(s): N. Flaherty
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 18 –21
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030204
- Type: Article
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There are two divergent approaches to adding multimedia functions to the baseband design of 3G mobile phones, and the argument is analogue vs. digital all over again. Rather than developing a 3G multimedia platform from scratch, several suppliers are looking at solutions that allow multimedia processors to be added to existing designs to ease the transition to data-oriented services. At the chip level, some developers are looking at handling the data close to the RF front end, which requires a high level of analogue and RF design skills, while others are concentrating more on the baseband processing where the current 0.13 μm manufacturing process technologies are now allowing sufficient clock speed and memory. The digital approach will benefit from the advance of Moore's law to the next generation 90 nm processes next year and clock speeds up to 500 MHz in a phone or personal digital assistant. But the mixed signal RF approach is offering network operators the opportunity to increase coverage and reduce the cost of rolling out the network. - Author(s): V. Merryfield
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 22 –25
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030205
- Type: Article
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The demands made on non-volatile storage systems in mobile phones are changing. in the past, just a few of kilobytes of storage was needed for a message archive, simple address book and other low data usage applications. Today's smart phones require anything from just a few megabytes to tens of megabytes of memory. With the increased demand for fast, reliable and high capacity on-board memory in today's 2.5G-3G handsets, and with size and cost limitations becoming ever more critical, NAND flash and chip-based disks in particular are emerging as important technologies in on-board non-volatile storage solutions. The introduction of MLC NAND is a clear indication of the cost and size advantages of NAND over NOR are here to stay for quite some time. However, NOR flash will remain a key player in the voice-centric handset segment and may also have a place in other mobile applications. - Author(s): J. Copp
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 26 –29
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030206
- Type: Article
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Audio is a critical component of the mobile multimedia experience, with specific engineering challenges in delivering high quality audio to consumers. This article considers environmental constraints and discusses alternative approaches to implementing Hi-Fi phones. Open standard file formats are explained, together with a look at what the next generation audio capabilities will enable. - Author(s): P. Piggin
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 30 –33
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030207
- Type: Article
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Future wireless networks are driven by the need to carry data oriented traffic. To ensure efficient utilisation of the air interface needs an understanding of the interaction of higher-layer protocols with radio resource management (RRM) algorithms. Much thought and effort has been expended in providing detailed RF simulation of cellular networks at both the link and system level. The result of this work includes the provision of invaluable information on: physical layer performance, power control and handover optimisation, system configuration, load management, and capacity. As networks begin to focus on data-oriented applications and services, it is important to understand how they will behave for a given network configuration. RRM strategies can be considered to support applications and services within the access network and control the radio aspect of the access network for optimal performance - in addition to ensuring QoS (quality of service). The focus for this article is placed on WCDMA for UMTS, however the approaches described are transferable to other underlying technologies. - Author(s): G.K. Pagiatakis
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 34 –37
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030208
- Type: Article
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While fast connections over copper are possible, higher bandwidth requirements can only be met with fibre connections in the local loop. This paper reviews the structure and operation of active optical access networks in providing telecom services to the user. An optical access network can be generally considered as the opto-electronic infrastructure deployed between the final user and the trunk telecom network. As such, it must provide, on one hand, the conventional (and possibly new) user-side interfaces (telephone, ISDN, data interfaces etc.) and on the other hand, all the necessary interfaces to the local exchange and the various data-network nodes. A third set of interfaces to the management network is also required to enable the remote supervision and configuration of the various components of the access network. - Author(s): Wei Wei
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 38 –41
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030209
- Type: Article
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This article illustrates two aspects of the design and planning of a network for China's next generation high performance optical Internet testbed, named 3Tnet. The project objective was to define, demonstrate, and determine how best to achieve pure IP technologies serving both data and specialised real time voice as well as video flow (e.g. DTV, VOD) applications. The 3Tnet project envisioned a terabit class transparent, reconfigurable, scalable intelligent optical transport layer encompassing terabit IP router networks, long distance (>500 km) terabit line system, and high-end access networks, providing an intelligent, flexible and broadband infrastructure. - Author(s): M. Johnson
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 42 –43
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030210
- Type: Article
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Low voltage differential signalling (LVDS) has become a popular choice for system intra/interconnect several chip manufacturers now sell repeaters that allow LVDS signals to go farther and faster than before. LVDS repeaters are important and versatile components of high speed intra/interconnect. Repeaters are able to maintain strong LVDS signals throughout systems. This feature is useful at board outputs, where signals can be buffered from "stub" effects and board inputs, where signals must be boosted back to normal LVDS levels. Repeaters have also proven to be very useful for protecting expensive components from harmful ESD and translating signals from numerous other differential standards to LVDS. - Author(s): N. Dahad
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, p. 44 –45
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030213
- Type: Article
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At the recent 3GSM congress in Cannes, the industry discussed and acknowledged the reality of driving 3G services forward. - Author(s): I. Goetz
- Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, page: 46 –46
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030214
- Type: Article
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On the one hand, operators are looking to stimulate demand for general packet radio service (GPRS). But existing networks have only limited capacity for GPRS, and operators will need to invest in extending radio and back haul transmission capacity. - Source: Communications Engineer, Volume 1, Issue 2, page: 48 –48
- DOI: 10.1049/ce:20030215
- Type: Article
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Editorial
News
Capturing the image [sensors for mobile phones]
The end-to-end perspective on MMS interoperability [multimedia messaging services]
GSM is a '3G' system in its own right
Baseband battle over multimedia functions
Non-volatile storage for mobile phones
Audio for a mobile world [Hi-Fi phones]
Managing radio resources in wireless data networks
Active optical access networks
Network design issues for a terabit optical Internet
Differential buffers for telecommunications
Facing up to 3G reality
Keeping up with the GPRS
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