Different Fe₃O₄ particles are synthesised with silane and carboxylic acid, surface modified by co-precipitation, and subsequently are characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, laser particle size analyser (LPSA) and thermogravimetric analyser (TG). Based on the LPSA results, Fe₃O₄ particles are micrometre size due to the experimental condition and modifiers. It is therefore suggested that the vacuum freeze-drying and the long-chain modifiers tend to obtain small size particles. The modifiers density on the surface of Fe₃O₄ particles is obtained by TG and formula calculation. It is shown that the silane coupling agent is more effective modifier for Fe₃O₄ particles compared with carboxylic acid. In accordance with the molecular structure and functional group number of carboxylic acids, different carboxylic acids have different modifiers density.

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Surface-modified quantity of Fe₃O₄ particles by thermogravimetric analysis

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Surface-modified quantity of Fe3O4 particles by thermogravimetric analysis

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Surface-modified quantity of Fe₃O₄ particles by thermogravimetric analysis