© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
In the current work, titanium dioxide and iron-doped titanium dioxide (0–3%) nanocrystals were prepared with the Pechini-type sol–gel method. The same procedure as well as spin-coating technique was applied for preparation of thin films. The prepared samples were characterised by X-ray diffractometery (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. The crystallographic and microstructural parameters of nanopowders were refined from XRD patterns utilising the Rietveld refinement method. It was found that with incorporation of iron in TiO2 structure, a highly distorted brookite phase was generated and the amount of anatase phase was decreased. The rutile phase disappeared with addition of iron; however, in higher concentration of iron (3%), it reappeared. The results also indicate that the crystallite size of brookite phase as well as microstrain of anatase and brookite phases were amplified with iron doping. The results of the photocatalytic test of prepared thin films are in agreement with the prediction of photocatalytic activity of samples based on their phase's constituents and structure.
References
-
-
1)
-
Y. Cong ,
J. Zhang ,
e. Chen ,
M. Anpo ,
D. He
.
Preparation, photocatalytic activity, and mechanism of nano-TiO2 co-doped with nitrogen and iron (III).
J. Phys. Chem. C
,
10618 -
10623
-
2)
-
H. Rietveld
.
A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures.
J. Appl. Cryst.
,
65 -
71
-
3)
-
C.-H. Ho ,
M.-C. Tsai ,
M.-S. Wong
.
Characterization of indirect and direct interband transitions of anatase TiO2 by thermoreflectance spectroscopy.
Appl. Phys. Lett.
-
4)
-
L. Lutterotti ,
R. Ceccato ,
R.D. Maschio ,
E. Pagani
.
Quantitative analysis of silicate glass in ceramic materials by the Rietveld method.
Mater. Sci. Forum
-
5)
-
M. ChinWang ,
H.J. Lin ,
T.S. Yang
.
Characteristics and optical properties of iron ion (Fe3+)-doped titanium oxide thin films prepared by a sol–gel spin coating.
J. Alloys Compd.
,
394 -
400
-
6)
-
R.A. Young
.
(1993)
The Rietveld method.
-
7)
-
R.M. Mohamed ,
D.L. McKinney ,
W.M. Sigmund
.
Enhanced nanocatalysts.
Mater. Sci. Eng. R
,
1 -
13
-
8)
-
G.S. Mital ,
T. Manoj
.
A review of TiO2 nanoparticles.
Chin. Sci. Bull.
,
1639 -
1657
-
9)
-
H.A. Monreal ,
J.G. Chacon-Nava ,
U. Arce-Colunga ,
C.A. Martinez ,
P.G. Casillas
.
Sol–gel preparation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in presence of a linear polysaccharide.
Micro Nano Lett.
,
4 ,
187 -
191
-
10)
-
A.B. Bandgar ,
S.R. Sabale ,
S.H. Pawar
.
Synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium dioxide using refluxed aqueous peroxy titanium complex solution.
Micro Nano Lett.
,
816 -
819
-
11)
-
A. Di Paola ,
G. Cufalo ,
M. Addamo
.
Photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline TiO2 (brookite, rutile and brookite-based) powders prepared by thermohydrolysis of TiCl4 in aqueous chloride solutions.
Colloids Surf. A
,
366 -
376
-
12)
-
H.H. Dabaghi ,
Y. Ganjkhanlou ,
M. Kazemzad ,
A.B. Moghaddam
.
Relation between conductance, photoluminescence bands and structure of ITO nanoparticles prepared by various chemical methods.
Micro Nano Lett.
,
429 -
433
-
13)
-
L. Lutterotti ,
S. Gialanella
.
X-ray diffraction characterization of heavily deformed metallic specimens.
Acta Mater.
-
14)
-
T. Lopez ,
E. Sanchez ,
R. Gomez
.
Effect of hydrolysis catalyst on the Ti deficiency and crystallite size of sol–gel–TiO2 crystallite phases.
J. Mater. Res.
,
2788 -
2796
-
15)
-
J. Huberty ,
H. Xu
.
Kinetics study on phase transformation from titania polymorph brookite to rutile.
J. Solid State Chem.
,
508 -
514
-
16)
-
P. Kokila ,
V. Senthilkumar ,
K.P. Nazeer
.
Preparation and photo catalytic activity of Fe3+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles.
Arch. Phys. Res.
,
246 -
253
-
17)
-
R.S. Sonawane ,
B.B. Kale ,
M.K. Dongare
.
Preparation and photo-catalytic activity of Fe–TiO2 thin films prepared by sol–gel dip coating.
Mater. Chem. Phys.
,
52 -
57
-
18)
-
M. Cerqueira ,
R.S. Nasar ,
E.R. Leite ,
E. Longo ,
J.A. Varela
.
Synthesis and characterization of PLZT (9/65/35) by the Pechini method and partial oxalate.
Mater. Lett.
,
166 -
171
-
19)
-
M. Rezaee ,
S.M.M. Khoie ,
K.H. Liu
.
The role of brookite in mechanical activation of anatase-to-rutile transformation of nanocrystalline TiO2: an XRD and Raman spectroscopy investigation.
Cryst. Eng. Commun.
,
5055 -
5061
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/mnl.2012.0469
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/mnl.2012.0469
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6