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An estimate of the structure parameter C2nis required to calculate the back-scattering of radar energy by turbulent eddies in the surface layer over sea. The theory of atmospheric boundary-layer turbulence may be applied, in conjunction with two spatial point measurements of meteorological parameters, to evaluate height profiles of C2n. The paper presents contours of C2n in the height/latitude plane using meteorological observations made on a cruise to Antarctica. Routinely monitored meteorological observations aboard ships have also been used to obtain the seasonal variations of C2n over tropical oceans. The values of C2n are found to be almost two orders of magnitude higher at heights up to 30 m at tropical latitudes compared to those at high latitudes. The values of C2n are higher in the winter-summer periods, compared to postmonsoon and monsoon periods.
Inspec keywords: atmospheric turbulence; backscatter; radar cross-sections; atmospheric boundary layer
Other keywords:
Subjects: Atmospheric boundary layer structure and processes; Atmospheric, ionospheric and magnetospheric techniques and equipment; Convection, turbulence, and diffusion in the lower atmosphere; Radar theory