© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
This study investigates the effects of series compensators, such as the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), series dynamic braking resistor, thyristor switched series capacitor, and the high temperature superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL), in enhancing the transient stability of a doubly fed induction machine based variable speed wind generator system. The tested system consists of a 9 MW doubly fed induction generator based wind farm connected to an infinite bus through two step-up transformers and a double run transmission lines. A three-phase-to-ground (3LG) fault and a single-line-to-ground fault (1LG) were applied to one of the lines to demonstrate the transient stability enhancement ability of the series devices. A performance comparison among the four series compensators is made based on responses of active/reactive power, terminal voltage, rotor speed, dc link voltage, and current variations. Simulations were carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results show that all series devices can improve the transient stability, however, the SFCL is the most efficient in terms of active power, rotor speed stability and fault current suppression, and the DVR seems to have a better performance than the SFCL in terms of voltage and reactive power.
References
-
-
1)
-
21. Pena, R., Cardenas, R., Asher, G.: ‘Overview of control systems for DFIGs in wind energy applications’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2014, 60, March, pp. 2776–2798.
-
2)
-
12. Wessels, C., Gebhardt, F., Fuchs, F.W.: ‘Fault ride-through of a DFIG wind turbine using a dynamic voltage restorer during symmetrical and asymmetrical grid faults’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2011, 26, (3), pp. 807–815 (doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2010.2099133).
-
3)
-
15. Elshiekh, M.E., Mansour, D.a., Azmy, A.M.: ‘Improving fault ride-through capability of DFIG-based wind turbine using superconducting fault current limiter’, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 2013, 23, (3), pp. 23–26 (doi: 10.1109/TASC.2012.2235132).
-
4)
-
5. Yunus, a.M.S., Masoum, M.a.S., Abu-Siada, a.: ‘Application of SMES to enhance the dynamic performance of DFIG during voltage sag and swell’, IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond., 2012, 22, (4) (doi: 10.1109/TASC.2012.2191769).
-
5)
-
1. Musgrove, P.: ‘Wind power: peter musgrove’ (Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 2010).
-
6)
-
4. Ambati, B.B., Kanjiya, P., Khadkikar, V.: ‘A low component count series voltage compensation scheme for DFIG WTs to enhance fault ride-through capability’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2015, 30, (1), pp. 208–217 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2014.2351799).
-
7)
-
6. Guo, W., Xiao, L., Dai, S.: ‘Enhancing low-voltage ride-through capability and smoothing output power of DFIG with a superconducting fault-current limiter–magnetic energy storage system’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2012, 27, (2), pp. 277–295 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2012.2187654).
-
8)
-
32. Banik, A., Ali, M.H.: ‘Comparison between SFCL and TSC for voltage stability enhancement of wind generator system’. 2013 IEEE PES Innov. Smart Grid Technol. Conf. ISGT 2013, 2013, pp. 3382–3387.
-
9)
-
36. Del Rosso, A.D., Canizares, C.A., Dona, V.M.: ‘A study of TCSC controller design for power system stability improvement’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2003, 18, (4), pp. 1487–1496 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2003.818703).
-
10)
-
28. Nielsen, J.G., Blaabjerg, F.: ‘A detailed comparison of system topologies for dynamic voltage restorers’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 2005, 41, (5), pp. 1272–1280 (doi: 10.1109/TIA.2005.855045).
-
11)
-
27. Abdel-Baqi, O., Nasiri, A.: ‘Series voltage compensation for DFIG wind turbine low-voltage ride-through solution’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2011, 26, (1), pp. 272–280 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2010.2094620).
-
12)
-
17. Tamura, J.: ‘Calculation method of losses and efficiency of wind generators’, in Muyeen, S.M. (Ed.): ‘Wind energy conversion systems’ (Springer, 2012), pp. 25–51.
-
13)
-
37. Chaudhari, P.S., Kulkarni, P.P., Holmukhe, R.M., et al: ‘TCSC for protection of transmission line’. Proc. – Third Int. Conf. Emerg. Trends Eng. Technol. ICETET 2010, 2010, pp. 356–361.
-
14)
-
9. Hussein, A.A., Ali, M.H.: ‘Comparison between DVR and SFCL for fault ride through capability improvement of fixed-speed wind generator’. 2014 IEEE PES T&D Conf. and Exposition, 2014, pp. 1–5.
-
15)
-
24. Lima, F.K.a., Luna, A., Member, S., et al: ‘Rotor voltage dynamics in the doubly fed induction generator during grid faults’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2010, 25, (1), pp. 118–130 (doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2009.2025651).
-
16)
-
13. Okedu, K.E., Muyeen, S.M., Takahashi, R., et al: ‘Application of SDBR with DFIG to augment wind farm fault ride through’. 2011 Int. Conf. Electr. Mach. Syst. ICEMS 2011, 2011, vol. 5, no. 3.
-
17)
-
10. Piyasinghe, L., Miao, Z., Member, S., et al: ‘Impedance model-based SSR analysis for TCSC compensated type-3 wind energy delivery systems’, 2015, 6, (1), pp. 179–187.
-
18)
-
18. ‘Wind farm – DFIG detailed model – MATLAB & simulink example’. .
-
19)
-
12. Abbey, C., Joos, G.: ‘Supercapacitor energy storage for wind energy applications’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 2007, 43, pp. 769–776 (doi: 10.1109/TIA.2007.895768).
-
20)
-
8. Wang, L., Truong, D.N.: ‘Stability enhancement of DFIG-based offshore wind farm fed to a multi-machine system using a STATCOM’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2013, 28, (3), pp. 2882–2889 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2248173).
-
21)
-
29. Shabanpour, A., Seifi, A.R.: ‘Comparative studies of different control strategies of a dynamic voltage restorer based on matrix converter’, Adv. Power Electron., 2012, 2012, pp. 1–9.
-
22)
-
20. Causebrook, A., Atkinson, D.J., Jack, A.G.: ‘Fault ride-through of large wind farms using series dynamic braking resistors (March 2007)’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2007, 22, (3), pp. 966–975 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901658).
-
23)
-
23. Luna, A., De Araujo Lima, F.K., Santos, D., et al: ‘Simplified modeling of a DFIG for transient studies in wind power applications’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2011, 58, (1), pp. 9–20 (doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2044131).
-
24)
-
21. Pena, R., Cardenas, R., Asher, G.: ‘Overview of control systems for DFIGs in wind energy applications’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2014, 60, March, pp. 2776–2798.
-
25)
-
14. Joshi, N.N., Mohan, N.: ‘Application of TCSC in wind farm application’. Int. Symp. Power Electron. Electr. Drives, Autom. Motion, 2006. SPEEDAM 2006, 2006, vol. 2006, pp. 1196–1200.
-
26)
-
16. Hingorani, L., Gyugyi, N.: ‘IEEE xplore book home page – understanding FACTS: concepts and technology of flexible AC transmission systems’ (Wiley-IEEE Press, 2000).
-
27)
-
25. Fletcher, J., Yang, J.: ‘Introduction to doubly-fed induction generator for wind power applications’. Paths to Sustainable Energy, , 2010, pp. 259–278.
-
28)
-
2. van Hulle, F., Fichaux, N., Sinner, A.-F., et al: ‘Powering Europe : wind energy and the electricity grid’, 2010.
-
29)
-
8. Ramirez, D., Martinez, S., Platero, C.A., Blazquez, F., de Castro, R.M.: ‘Low-voltage ride-through capability for wind generators based on dynamic voltage restorers’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers, 2011, 26, (1), pp. 195–203 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2010.2055869).
-
30)
-
22. Beltran, B., El, M., Benbouzid, H., et al: ‘Second-order sliding mode control of a doubly fed induction generator driven wind turbine’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2012, 27, (2), pp. 261–269 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2011.2181515).
-
31)
-
20. Marques, G., Sousa, D.: ‘Understanding the doubly fed induction generator during voltage dips’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2012, 27, (2), pp. 421–431 (doi: 10.1109/TEC.2012.2189214).
-
32)
-
3. Parsa, H., Narasimham, R.L.: ‘Fault ride through of a DFIG wind turbine using DVR with modified control scheme’, Int. Ref. J. Eng. Sci., 2013, 2, (12), pp. 8–17.
-
33)
-
7. Wang, L., Truong, D.N.: ‘Stability enhancement of a power system with a PMSG-based and a DFIG-based offshore wind farm using a SVC with an adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2013, 60, (7), pp. 2799–2807 (doi: 10.1109/TIE.2012.2218557).
-
34)
-
35. Causebrook, A.: ‘Fault ride-through of wind farms using dynamic braking series resistors’ (Newcastle University Library, 2008).
-
35)
-
19. Snyder, M.A.: ‘Development of simplified models of doubly-fed induction generators’ (Chalmers University of Technology, 2012).
-
36)
-
26. Pena, R., Clare, J.C., Asher, G.M.: ‘Doubly fed induction generator using back-to-back PWM converters and its application to variable-speed wind-energy generation’, IEE Proc. – Electr. Power Appl., 1996, 143, p. 231 (doi: 10.1049/ip-epa:19960288).
-
37)
-
31. Nielsen, J.G., Newman, M., Nielsen, H., et al: ‘Control and testing of a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) at medium voltage level’, IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2004, 19, (3), pp. 806–813 (doi: 10.1109/TPEL.2004.826504).
-
38)
-
34. Freitas, W., Morelato, A., Xu, W.: ‘Improvement of induction generator stability using braking resistors’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2004, 19, (2), pp. 1247–1249 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2004.825929).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0055
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-rpg.2015.0055
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6