© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Colour-shift keying (CSK) has emerged as a new modulation scheme for indoor visible light communication (VLC) systems, standardised in IEEE 802.15.7. This scheme transmits data by modulating the intensity of red-green-blue light-emitting diodes using a colour coding format. To support VLC, CSK requires the application of multiple light sources and detectors without changing the white light target condition. In this study, a low-complexity VLC system is proposed for multiple light sources that offers important reductions to the overall system complexity while maintaining the compatibility with the premises of the IEEE 802.15.7 standard. The contributions of this work are two-fold. First, a new RGB-based modulation scheme is proposed. This modulation scheme suggests to replace the CSK-based colour coding format by a more flexible, versatile and simplified mapping structure without the need of sending target colour information to the receiver. The second contribution is a novel single-photodiode based receiver that reduces the number of inputs to demodulate RGB signals. Closed-form error performance expressions are verified to analyse the proposed VLC system performance which are verified through Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the performance of the proposed system is also presented and compared in terms of complexity and throughput efficiency.
References
-
-
1)
-
20. Luna-Rivera, J.M., Perez-Jimenez, R., Rabadan-Borjes, J.A., Rufo-Torres, J.F., Guerra, V., Suarez-Rodriguez, C.: ‘Multiuser scheme for indoor visible light communications using RGB LEDs’. IEEE Int. Conf. and Workshop on Bioinspired Intelligence, July 2014.
-
2)
-
3. Kavehrad, M.: ‘Sustainable energy-efficient wireless applications using light’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2010, 48, (12), pp. 66–73 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2010.5673074).
-
3)
-
4. Elgala, H., Mesleh, R., Haas, H.: ‘Indoor optical wireless communication: potential and state-of-the-art’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2011, 49, (9), pp. 56–62 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2011.6011734).
-
4)
-
1. Komine, T., Nakagawa, M.: ‘Fundamental analysis for visible-light communication system using LED lights’, IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., 2004, 50, (1), pp. 100–107 (doi: 10.1109/TCE.2004.1277847).
-
5)
-
6. Zeng, L., O'brien, D., Hoa, M., Faulkner, G., Kyungwoo, L.: ‘High data rate multiple input multiple output (MIMO) optical wireless communications using white LED lighting’, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., 2009, 27, (9), pp. 1654–1662 (doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2009.091215).
-
6)
-
16. Yasir, M., Siu-Wai, H., Vellambi, B.N.: ‘Indoor positioning system using visible light and accelerometer’, J. Lightwave Technol., 2014, 32, (19), pp. 3306–3316 (doi: 10.1109/JLT.2014.2344772).
-
7)
-
8. Burton, A., Le Minh, H., Ghassemlooy, Z., Bentley, E., Botella, C.: ‘Experimental demonstration of 50-Mb/s visible light communications using 4 × 4 MIMO’, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 2014, 26, (9), pp. 945–948 (doi: 10.1109/LPT.2014.2310638).
-
8)
-
9)
-
26. Delgado Rajo, J.F.A., Guerra, V., Rabadán Borges, J.A., Torres, J.R., Perez-Jimenez, R.: ‘Color shift keying communication system with a modified PPM synchronization scheme’, IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett., 2014, 26, (18), pp. 1851–1854 (doi: 10.1109/LPT.2014.2337953).
-
10)
-
23. Monteiro, E., Hranilovic, S.: ‘Design and implementation of color-shift keying for visible light communications’, J. Lightwave Technol., 2014, 32, (10), pp. 2053–2060 (doi: 10.1109/JLT.2014.2314358).
-
11)
-
19. Singh, R., Farrell, T.O., David, J.P.R.: ‘An enhanced color shift keying modulation scheme for high-speed wireless visible light communications’, J. Lightwave Technol., 2014, 32, (14), pp. 2582–2592 (doi: 10.1109/JLT.2014.2328866).
-
12)
-
21. Noshad, M., Brandt-Pearce, M.: ‘Application of expurgated PPM to indoor visible light communications–Part I: single-user systems’, J. Lightwave Technol., 2014, 32, (5), pp. 875–882 (doi: 10.1109/JLT.2013.2293341).
-
13)
-
14. Gancarz, J., Elgala, H., Little, T.D.C.: ‘Impact of lighting requirements on VLC systems’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2013, 51, (12), pp. 34–41 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6685755).
-
14)
-
22. Luna-Rivera, J.M., Perez-Jimenez, R., Guerra-Yañez, V., Suarez-Rodriguez, C., Delgado-Rajo, F.A.: ‘A combined CSK and PPM modulation scheme for indoor visible light communications’, IET Electron. Lett., 2014, 50, (10), pp. 762–764 (doi: 10.1049/el.2014.0953).
-
15)
-
12. Armstrong, J., Sekercioglu, Y.A., Neild, A.: ‘Visible light positioning: a roadmap for international standardization’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2013, 51, (12), pp. 68–73 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6685759).
-
16)
-
4. Burchardt, H., Serafimovski, N., Tsonev, D., Videv, S., Haas, H.: ‘VLC: Beyond point-to-point communication’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2014, 52, (7), pp. 98–105 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6852089).
-
17)
-
2. O'Brien, D.C., Le-Minh, H., Zeng, L., et al: ‘Short-range visible light communications’, in Katz, M., Ed.: ‘Short-range wireless communications: emerging technologies and applications’ (Wiley, 2009).
-
18)
-
7. Tsonev, D., Sinanovic, S., Haas, H.: ‘Practical MIMO capacity for indoor optical wireless communications’. VTC Spring, Dresden, Germany, June 2013, pp. 1–5.
-
19)
-
20)
-
5. Tsiatmas, A., Baggen, C.P.M.J., Willems, F.M.J., Linnartz, J.-P.M.G., Bergmans, J.W.M.: ‘An illumination perspective on visible light communications’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2014, 52, (7), pp. 64–71 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6852085).
-
21)
-
9. Jia, Z.: ‘A visible light communication based hybrid positioning method for wireless sensor networks’. Second Int. Conf. on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Application (ISDEA), January 2012, pp. 1367–1370.
-
22)
-
1. Jovicic, A., Li, J., Richardson, T.: ‘Visible light communication: opportunities, challenges and the path to market’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2013, 51, (12), pp. 26–32 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6685754).
-
23)
-
25. Proakis, J.: ‘Digital communications’ (McGraw-Hill International Edition, 2001, 4th edn.).
-
24)
-
10. Rufo, J., Rabadan, J., Delgado, F., Quintana, C., Perez-Jimenez, R.: ‘Experimental evaluation of video transmission through LED illumination devices’, IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., 2010, 56, (3), pp. 1411–1416 (doi: 10.1109/TCE.2010.5606277).
-
25)
-
11. Yu, S.-H., Shih, O., Tsai, H.-M.: ‘Smart automotive lighting for vehicle safety’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2013, 51, (12), pp. 50–59 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6685757).
-
26)
-
8. Rajagopal, S., Roberts, R.D., Lim, S.-K.: ‘IEEE 802.15.7 visible light communication: modulation schemes and dimming support’, IEEE Commun. Mag., 2012, 50, (3), pp. 72–82 (doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2012.6163585).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-opt.2014.0124
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-opt.2014.0124
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6