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access icon free Protective role of biosynthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles on pancreatic beta cells: an in vitro and in vivo approach

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 09/03/2020, Accepted 13/05/2020, Revised 30/04/2020, Published 14/05/2020

Sulphonylureas are extensively used in the treatment of type II diabetes; however, these drugs have complications of hypoglycaemia and weight gain. The current study aims at developing a potent antidiabetic drug that has lesser side effects and better management of its associated conditions. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesised using Syzygium cumini seed extract with an average size of 18.92 nm. In vitro studies on rat insulinoma (RIN-5F) cells revealed that cells treated with synthesised ZnO NPs showed a dose-dependent increase in insulin secretion. Streptozotocin-fructose-induced type II diabetic rats treated with ZnO NPS exhibited a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in the blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein levels and increase (p < 0.01) in serum insulin and liver antioxidant enzyme levels proclaiming its role as a hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic drug. Treatment of ZnO NPs in diabetic rats exhibited an increased number of beta cells which was responsible for its increased insulin levels and reduced glucose levels. From the overall observations, biosynthesised ZnO NPs exhibited an efficacious hypoglycaemic effect in diabetic rats, so it can be suggested as a potent antidiabetic drug.

Inspec keywords: biochemistry; cellular biophysics; sugar; zinc compounds; biomedical materials; diseases; drug delivery systems; liver; nanomedicine; II-VI semiconductors; nanoparticles; blood; nanofabrication; molecular biophysics; drugs; enzymes; patient treatment

Other keywords: insulin secretion; synthesised ZnO NPs; reduced glucose levels; ZnO; efficacious hypoglycaemic effect; hypoglycaemia; hypoglycaemic drug; liver antioxidant enzyme levels; biosynthesised ZnO NPs; drugs; biosynthesised zinc oxide nanoparticles; size 18.92 nm; type II diabetes; weight gain; hypolipidaemic drug; blood glucose levels; temperature 5.0 F; lesser side effects; vivo approach; increased insulin levels; low-density lipoprotein levels; pancreatic beta cells; associated conditions; streptozotocin-fructose-induced type II diabetic rats; rat insulinoma; serum insulin; Syzygium cumini seed; protective role; potent antidiabetic drug; dose-dependent increase

Subjects: Other methods of nanofabrication; Electromagnetic radiation spectrometry (chemical analysis); Physics of subcellular structures; Biomedical materials; Nanotechnology applications in biomedicine; Natural and artificial biomembranes; Biomolecular interactions, charge transfer complexes; Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation; Patient care and treatment; Physical chemistry of biomolecular solutions and condensed states; Interactions with radiations at the biomolecular level; Patient care and treatment

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