access icon free Photocatalytic degradation of synthetic dyes using iron (III) oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-Nps) synthesised using Rhizophora mucronata Lam

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 27/07/2018, Accepted 07/08/2018, Published 07/09/2018

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles through plant extracts is gaining attention due to the toxic free synthesis process. The environmental engineering applications of many metal oxide nanoparticles have been reported. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-Nps) were synthesised using a simple biosynthetic method using a leaf extract of a mangrove plant Rhizophora mucronata through reduction of 0.01 M ferric chloride. Fe2O3-Np synthesis was revealed by a greenish colour formation with a surface plasmon band observed close to 368 nm. The stable Fe2O3-Np possessed excitation and emission wavelength of 368.0 and 370.5 nm, respectively. The Fourier-transform infrared spectral analysis revealed the changes in functional groups during formation of Fe2O3-Np. Agglomerations of nanoparticles were observed during scanning electron microscopic analysis and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis confirmed the ferric oxide nature. The average particle size of Fe2O3-Np based on dynamic light scattering was 65 nm. Based on transmission electron microscopic analysis, particles were spherical in shape and the crystalline size was confirmed by selected area electron diffraction pattern analysis. The synthesised Fe2O3-Np exhibited a good photodegradation efficiency with a reduction of 83 and 95% of phenol red and crystal violet under irradiation of sunlight and florescent light, respectively. This report is a facile synthesis method for Fe2O3-Np with high photodegradation efficiency.

Inspec keywords: dyes; electron diffraction; X-ray diffraction; photochemistry; particle size; catalysis; surface plasmons; nanofabrication; scanning electron microscopy; transmission electron microscopy; Fourier transform infrared spectra; catalysts; iron compounds; nanoparticles; X-ray chemical analysis

Other keywords: energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis; scanning electron microscopic analysis; wavelength 370.5 nm; nanofiltration; Rhizophora mucronata Lam; synthetic dyes; crystalline size; Fe2O3; Fourier-transform infrared spectral analysis; phenol red; iron oxide nanoparticles; toxic free synthesis process; wavelength 368.0 nm; photocatalytic degradation; wastewater pollutant; nanobiocides; water remediation; florescent light; transmission electron microscopic analysis; crystal violet; metal nanoparticles; metal oxide nanoparticles; ferric oxide nature; ferric chloride; nanocatalysts; leaf extract; selected area electron diffraction pattern analysis; nanoadsorbents; surface plasmon; plant extracts; mangrove plant; sunlight irradiation

Subjects: Photolysis and photodissociation by IR, UV and visible radiation; Infrared and Raman spectra in inorganic crystals; Structure of solid clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanostructured materials; Collective excitations (surface states); Heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and other surface reactions; Other methods of nanofabrication; Optical properties of other inorganic semiconductors and insulators (thin films, low-dimensional and nanoscale structures); Electromagnetic radiation spectrometry (chemical analysis)

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