access icon free Evaluation of ‘green’ synthesis and biological activity of gold nanoparticles using Tragopogon dubius leaf extract as an antibacterial agent

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 18/02/2018, Accepted 08/06/2018, Revised 29/05/2018, Published 17/08/2018

Currently, the use of ‘green’ synthesised nanoparticles with environmentally friendly properties is considered a novel therapeutic approach in medicine. Here, the authors evaluated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) conjugated with Tragopogon dubius leaf extract and their antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo. Colour changes from yellow to dark brown and a peak at 560 nm on ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy confirmed the formation of nanoparticles. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses were performed to determine particle sizes and functional groups involved in gold reduction. Moreover, using standard micro-dilution and disc-diffusion assays against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, the antimicrobial properties of synthesised AuNPs were investigated. To confirm antibacterial activity, synthesised AuNPs were applied in a rat model on burn wounds infected with S. aureus, and the nanoparticles were as effective as tetracycline in bacterial reduction and wound healing. In conclusion, the synthesis of AuNPs with aqueous T. dubius extract was rapid, simple, and inexpensive, and the synthesised nanoparticles had significant antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo.

Inspec keywords: Fourier transform infrared spectra; ultraviolet spectra; X-ray diffraction; particle size; gold; microorganisms; nanoparticles; transmission electron microscopy; visible spectra; nanofabrication; wounds; antibacterial activity; reduction (chemical); nanomedicine; biomedical materials

Other keywords: wavelength 560.0 nm; X-ray diffraction; functional groups; gold nanoparticles; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses; green synthesis; burn wounds; colour changes; tetracycline; particle sizes; S. aureus; disc-diffusion assay; standard microdilution assay; wound healing; in vitro antibacterial activity; ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy; gold reduction; antibacterial agent; bacterial reduction; Tragopogon dubius leaf; biological activity; transmission electron microscopy; in vivo antibacterial activity; antimicrobial properties; therapeutic approach

Subjects: Structure of solid clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanostructured materials; Methods of nanofabrication and processing; Nanotechnology applications in biomedicine; Biomedical materials; Visible and ultraviolet spectra of metals, semimetals, and alloys; Infrared and Raman spectra in metals; Patient care and treatment

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