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Aqueous extract of broccoli mediated synthesis of CaO nanoparticles and its application in the photocatalytic degradation of bromocrescol green

Aqueous extract of broccoli mediated synthesis of CaO nanoparticles and its application in the photocatalytic degradation of bromocrescol green

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  • Author(s): Jejenija Osuntokun 1 ; Damian C. Onwudiwe 1 ; Eno E. Ebenso 2
    • View affiliations
  • Source: Volume 12, Issue 7, October 2018, p. 888 – 894
    DOI:  10.1049/iet-nbt.2017.0277 , Print ISSN 1751-8741, Online ISSN 1751-875X
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 22/11/2017, Accepted 06/04/2018, Revised 09/03/2018, Published 13/04/2018

CaO nanoparticles have been prepared using CaCl2 and aqueous extract of broccoli as a precursor and reducing agent, respectively. Different volumes of the aqueous broccoli extract were utilised to obtain Ca(OH)2 and subsequent calcination gave CaO nanoparticles. The synthesised CaO was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology was studied using transmittance electron microscopy (TEM), and the surface composition of Ca(OH)2 was explored using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The major functional groups present in the capping material responsible for the reduction of the metal salt and the surface passivation of Ca(OH)2 were identified. The XRD pattern revealed cubic phase for all the CaO nanoparticles, and the crystallite size was estimated using Scherrer's equation showed a variation which is dependent on the volume of the extract used. TEM analysis showed different shapes, while the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) results confirmed the crystallinity of the nanoparticles. Thermogravimetric analysis of Ca(OH)2 showed the decomposition product to be CaO. Sample C3, which has the smallest particle size, was used as a catalyst for the degradation of bromocresol green via photo irradiation with ultraviolet light and the result revealed a degradation efficiency of 60.1%.

Inspec keywords: scanning electron microscopy; calcium compounds; catalysis; pyrolysis; transmission electron microscopy; ultraviolet spectra; calcination; X-ray diffraction; passivation; photochemistry; particle size; reduction (chemical); electron diffraction; nanofabrication; Fourier transform infrared spectra; nanoparticles; catalysts; crystallites; thermal analysis

Other keywords: decomposition product; crystallinity; surface composition; crystallite size; degradation efficiency; calcination; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; capping material; Scherrer's equation; calcium oxide nanoparticles; CaO; photocatalytic degradation; transmittance electron microscopy; photo irradiation; particle size; metal salt; selected area electron diffraction; surface passivation; bromocrescol green; thermogravimetric analysis; calcium chloride; aqueous broccoli extract; ultraviolet light; powder X-ray diffraction

Subjects: Other methods of preparation of materials; Decomposition reactions (pyrolysis, dissociation, and group ejection); Heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and other surface reactions; Structure of solid clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanostructured materials; Other heat and thermomechanical treatments; Infrared and Raman spectra in inorganic crystals; Visible and ultraviolet spectra (condensed matter)

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