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access icon openaccess Design of very-low-profile circular UHF small antenna using characteristic mode analysis

This is an open access article published by the IET under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Received 03/10/2016, Accepted 14/02/2017, Revised 20/01/2017, Published 20/02/2017

This study presents a very-low-profile circular ultra-high frequency (UHF) small antenna with a radiating body transformed from a monopole. The proposed radiating body is gradually improved by analysing fundamental modes of the structure with different ground planes via characteristic mode analysis (CMA). CMAs demonstrate operating principles of the radiating body so that a magnetic feeding loop is proposed to excite the radiating body. An equivalent circuit of the radiating body and magnetic feeding loop is then established. The relationships between antenna bandwidth, and eigen value and modal significance are derived through physical insight of the CMA. A prototype of the proposed circular antenna operating at 474 MHz is fabricated and measured. It has a radius of 5.2%λ c (λ c is the operating wavelength), and a profile of 5.2%λ c The CMA of the proposed antenna with testing cable at different lengths is applied to understand the discrepancy between simulations and measurements. The analysis and performance evaluation shows that the proposed antenna can be a strong contender for compact sensors for machine-to-machine and internet of things applications.

Inspec keywords: cables (electric); antenna feeds; eigenvalues and eigenfunctions; monopole antennas; UHF antennas; equivalent circuits; antenna radiation patterns

Other keywords: antenna bandwidth; Internet-of-Things application; modal significance; magnetic feeding loop; circular antenna; radiating body; fundamental mode analysis; testing cable; compact sensors; equivalent circuit; frequency 474 MHz; eigen value; characteristic mode analysis; machine-to-machine application; very-low-profile circular UHF small antenna design; very-low-profile circular ultra-high frequency small antenna design; CMA; ground planes

Subjects: Single antennas; Algebra; Wires and cables; General circuit analysis and synthesis methods; Antenna accessories

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