© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Smart card data (SCD) provide a new perspective for analysing the long-term spatiotemporal travel characteristics of public transit users. Understanding the commuting patterns provides useful insights for urban traffic management. This study attempts to identify and cluster commuting patterns and explore the influencing factors by combining SCD and traditional household travel survey data (HTSD) in Nanjing, China. First, the authors generate the commuting regularity rules using one-day HTSD. Then, the regular metro commuters are identified in four-week (20-weekday) SCD. Using the clustering method of the Gaussian mixture model, they classify metro commuters in SCD into three commuting pattern groups, namely, classic pattern, off-peak pattern, and long-distance pattern, based on their spatiotemporal characteristics. Next, they identify the corresponding metro commuters of these three groups in HTSD and apply a mixed logit regression model to determine the factors influencing metro commuting patterns from multiple dimensions. The results show that some socioeconomic attributes (e.g. gender, age, annual income, education, and occupation) as well as bus station density, metro lines, transfer mode, and transfer distance significantly impact commuting patterns. The findings can provide valuable information for planners and managers to put forward relevant transport guiding measures for alleviating traffic congestion and improving urban traffic management.
References
-
-
1)
-
24. Bergert, H., Dobrowolski, F., Caffier, S., et al: ‘Detection of activities of public transport users by analyzing smart card data’, 2012.
-
2)
-
20. Zhou, Y., Yao, L., Jiang, Y., et al: ‘GIS-based commute analysis using smart card data: a case study of multi-mode public transport for smart city’, 2015.
-
3)
-
5. Mattson, J.: ‘Travel behaviour and mobility of transportation-disadvantaged populations: evidence from the national household travel survey’, Gender, 2012.
-
4)
-
6. Schneider, C.M., Rudloff, C., Bauer, D.: ‘Daily travel behaviour: lessons from a week-long survey for the extraction of human mobility motifs related information’. ACM SIGKDD Int. Workshop on Urban Computing, Chicago, IL, USA, 2013.
-
5)
-
10. Kusakabe, T., Asakura, Y.: ‘Behavioural data mining of transit smart card data: a data fusion approach’, Trans. Res. C, 2014, 46, pp. 179–191.
-
6)
-
19. Ortega-Tong, M.A.: ‘Classification of London's public transport users using smart card data’. , Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013.
-
7)
-
25. Kuhlman, W.: ‘The construction of purpose-specific odd matrices using public transport smart card data’, 2015.
-
8)
-
22. Wang, Y., de Almeida Correia, G. H., de Romph, E., et al: ‘Using metro smart card data to model location choice of after-work activities: an application to Shanghai’, J. Transp. Geogr., 2017, 63, pp. 40–47.
-
9)
-
8. Ma, X., Liu, C., Wen, H., et al: ‘Understanding commuting patterns using transit smart card data’, J. Transp. Geogr., 2017, 58, pp. 135–145.
-
10)
-
9. Mohamed, K., Côme, E., Baro, J, et al: ‘Understanding passenger patterns in public transit through smart card and socioeconomic data’. UrbComp, Seattle, WA, USA, 2014.
-
11)
-
33. Bai, L., Liu, P., Chan, C.-Y., et al: ‘Estimating level of service of mid-block bicycle lanes considering mixed traffic flow’, Transp. Res. A, Policy Pract., 2017, 101, pp. 203–217.
-
12)
-
16. Xu, C., Ji, J., Liu, P.: ‘The station-free sharing bike demand forecasting with a deep learning approach and large-scale datasets’, Transp. Res. C, Emerg. Technol., 2018, 95, pp. 47–60.
-
13)
-
13. Liu, Y., Ji, Y., Shi, Z., et al: ‘The influence of the built environment on school Children's metro ridership: an exploration using geographically weighted Poisson regression models’, Sustainability, 2018, 10, (12), pp. 1–16.
-
14)
-
30. Yin, J.: ‘Research on design scheme of metro transfer station with transfer on one platform’, J. Railw. Eng. Soc., 2011, 6, pp. 72–75.
-
15)
-
23. Briand, A.S., Côme, E., Trépanier, M., et al: ‘Analyzing year-to-year changes in public transport passenger behaviour using smart card data’, Transp. Res. C, Emerg. Technol., 2017, 79, pp. 274–289.
-
16)
-
7. Tal, G., Handy, S.: ‘Travel behaviour of immigrants: an analysis of the 2001 national household transportation survey’, Transp. Policy, 2010, 17, (2), pp. 85–93.
-
17)
-
1. Pelletier, M.P., Trépanier, M., Morency, C.: ‘Smart card data use in public transit: a literature review’, Transp. Res. C, Emerg. Technol., 2011, 19, (4), pp. 557–568.
-
18)
-
15. Le, M.K., Bhaskar, A., Chung, E.: ‘Passenger segmentation using smart card data’, IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., 2015, 16, (3), pp. 1537–1548.
-
19)
-
31. Bao, J., Liu, P., Yu, H., et al: ‘Incorporating twitter-based human activity information in spatial analysis of crashes in urban areas’, Accident Anal. Prev., 2017, 106, pp. 358–369.
-
20)
-
14. Ma, X., Wu, Y.J., Wang, Y., et al: ‘Mining smart card data for transit riders’ travel patterns’, Transp. Res. C, Emerg. Technol., 2013, 36, pp. 1–12.
-
21)
-
18. Legara, E.F.T., Monterola, C.P.: ‘Inferring passenger types from commuter Eigentravel matrices’, Comput. Sci., 2018, 6, (3), pp. 230–250.
-
22)
-
11. Morency, C., Trépanier, M., Agard, B.: ‘Measuring transit use variability with smart-card data’, Transp. Policy, 2007, 14, (3), pp. 193–203.
-
23)
-
29. Frade, I., Ribeiro, A.: ‘Bicycle sharing systems demand’, Proc. Soc. Behav. Sci., 2014, 111, (111), pp. 518–527.
-
24)
-
12. Medina, S.A.O.: ‘Inferring weekly primary activity patterns using public transport smart card data and a household travel survey’, Travel Behav. Soc., 2016, 12, pp. 93–101.
-
25)
-
17. Ji, Y., Ma, X., Yang, M., et al: ‘Exploring spatially varying influences on metro-bikeshare transfer: a geographically weighted Poisson regression approach’, Sustainability, 2018, 10, (5), pp. 1–23.
-
26)
-
28. Lee, J.K., Yoo, K.E., Song, K.H.: ‘A study on travelers’ transport mode choice behavior using the mixed logit model: a case study of the Seoul–Jeju route’, J. Air Trans. Manage., 2016, 56, pp. 131–137.
-
27)
-
32. He, M., Zhao, S., He, M.: ‘Tolerance threshold of commuting time: evidence from Kunming, China’, J. Transp. Geogr., 2016, 57, pp. 1–7.
-
28)
-
3. Bao, J., Liu, P., Qin, X., et al: ‘Understanding the effects of trip patterns on spatially aggregated crashes with large-scale taxi GPS data’, Accident Anal. Prev., 2018, 120, pp. 281–294.
-
29)
-
21. Long, Y., Thill, J.C.: ‘Combining smart card data and household travel survey to analyze jobs–housing relationships in Beijing’, Comput. Environ. Urban Syst., 2015, 53, pp. 19–35.
-
30)
-
2. Zhou, J., Murphy, E., Long, Y.: ‘Commuting efficiency in the Beijing metropolitan area: an exploration combining smartcard and travel survey data’, J. Transp. Geogr., 2014, 41, (41), pp. 175–183.
-
31)
-
4. Li, Z., Wang, W., Yang, C., et al: ‘Exploring the causal relationship between bicycle choice and trip chain pattern’, Transp. Policy, 2013, 29, (3), pp. 170–177.
-
32)
-
26. Long, Y., Liu, X., Zhou, J., et al: ‘Early birds, night owls, and tireless/recurring itinerants: an exploratory analysis of extreme transit behaviours in Beijing, China’, Habitat Int., 2016, 57, pp. 223–232.
-
33)
-
27. Bureau, N.S.: ‘Nanjing national economic and social development statistics bulletin’, 2015.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-its.2018.5512
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/iet-its.2018.5512
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6