access icon free Compensation voltage moduli comparison-based wide-area protection algorithm independent of data synchronism and integrity

Secondary direct-current loss within a substation is a severe event. In China, each line protection device is generally powered by one set of secondary direct current (DC) power system within a substation of 110 kV voltage level. In this case, the line protection devices will be immediately taken out of service when the secondary DC is lost, and the lines protected by them will lose their corresponding protections. Once a fault occurs on the line, only the remote back-up protection can be relied on to isolate the fault, which expands the fault influence and increases its clearance time. To handle the above problem, a novel wide-area protection algorithm based on compensation voltage moduli comparison is proposed, which is independent of multi-terminal data synchronism. Then, a comprehensive protection strategy composed of the proposed protection algorithm and the original local distances protection is proposed. The results from a power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC (PSCAD/EMTDC)-based simulation verify that the proposed protection algorithm has higher sensitivity. The comprehensive protection strategy could cope with most line faults effectively, even if only partial data are available, the selectivity and speed of which are better than that of distance protections.

Inspec keywords: power transmission faults; power transmission protection; power transmission lines; power system CAD; substations

Other keywords: wide-area protection algorithm; compensation voltage moduli comparison-based wide-area protection; voltage 110.0 kV; PSCAD-EMTDC-based simulation; back-up protection; 110 kV voltage level; secondary direct-current loss; line faults; distance protections; secondary direct current power system; line protection device; multiterminal data synchronism; China; substation

Subjects: Power system protection; Power transmission lines and cables; Substations; Reliability; Power engineering computing

References

    1. 1)
      • 26. Zare, J., Aminifar, F., Sanaye-Pasand, M.: ‘Communication-constrained regionalization of power systems for synchrophasor-based wide-area backup protection scheme’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2015, 6, (3), pp. 15301538.
    2. 2)
      • 3. Zheng, Y.: ‘Innovation on DC system of 220 kV substation’, Relay, 2001, 29, (12), pp. 5859.
    3. 3)
      • 31. Jin, N., Li, Z.T., Lin, X.N., et al: ‘Emergency protection system dealing with sampling information loss within a whole substation’, Proc. CSEE, 2017, 37, (8), pp. 22032214.
    4. 4)
      • 33. Wu, W., Xu, Y., Xiao, X., et al: ‘Research on proximity effect in measuring error of active electronic voltage transformers’, IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 2016, 65, (1), pp. 7887.
    5. 5)
      • 10. Guangwu, D., Hua, X., Xiaochun, X., et al: ‘Area backup protection based on substation's secondary-DC-loss’. China Int. Conf. on Electricity Distribution IEEE, Xi'an, 2016.
    6. 6)
      • 30. Judd, F.F., Chirlian, P.M.: ‘The application of the compensation theorem in the proof of Thevenin's and Norton's theorems’, IEEE Trans. Educ., 1970, 13, (2), pp. 8788.
    7. 7)
      • 4. Huang, X., Lu, H.: ‘Influence of DC grounding on relay protection device’, Electr. Tech., 2008, 1, (3), pp. 911.
    8. 8)
    9. 9)
      • 1. CRC Press: ‘Power supply devices and systems of relay protection’ (CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 2013).
    10. 10)
      • 23. Moussa, B., Debbabi, M., Assi, C.: ‘A detection and mitigation model for PTP delay attack in an IEC 61850 substation’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2018, 9, (5), pp. 39543965.
    11. 11)
      • 28. Ma, J., Liu, C., Thorp, J.S.: ‘A wide-area backup protection algorithm based on distance protection fitting factor’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2016, 31, (5), pp. 21962205.
    12. 12)
      • 29. Hongyang, Z.: ‘Discussion on the Thevenin's theorem and Norton's theorem’. Proc. of 2011 Int. Conf. on Electronic & Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology, Harbin, 2011, pp. 520522.
    13. 13)
      • 2. Zhao, J., Shi, G., Huang, X.C., et al: ‘Analysis of a DC bus loss of power and its solutions in the power substation’, Power System Protection & Control, 2009, 37, pp. 122124.
    14. 14)
    15. 15)
      • 34. Kanabar, M.G., Sidhu, T.S.: ‘Performance of IEC 61850-9-2 process bus and corrective measure for digital relaying’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2011, 26, (2), pp. 725735.
    16. 16)
      • 24. Barreto, S., Suresh, A., Le Boudec, J.Y.: ‘Cyber-attack on packet-based time synchronization protocols: the undetectable delay box’. 2016 IEEE Int. Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conf. Proc., Taipei, 2016, pp. 16.
    17. 17)
      • 27. Nayak, P.K., Pradhan, A.K., Bajpai, P.: ‘Wide-area measurement-based backup protection for power network with series compensation’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2014, 29, (4), pp. 19701977.
    18. 18)
      • 32. Hamrita, T.K., Heck, B.S., Meliopoulos, A.P.S.: ‘On-line correction of errors introduced by instrument transformers in transmission-level steady-state waveform measurements’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2000, 15, (4), pp. 11161120.
    19. 19)
      • 22. Zhang, L., Bose, A., Jampala, A., et al: ‘Design, testing, and implementation of a linear state estimator in a real power system’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2017, 8, (4), pp. 17821789.
    20. 20)
      • 18. Ali, I., Suhail Hussain, S.M., Tak, A., et al: ‘Communication modeling for differential protection in IEC-61850-based substations’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 2018, 54, pp. 135142.
    21. 21)
      • 16. Sheng, S., Li, K.K., Chan, W.L., et al: ‘Adaptive agent-based wide-area current differential protection system’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 2010, 46, (5), pp. 21112117.
    22. 22)
      • 8. Xiaoyu, Z., Xingzhu, W., Yutao, Q., et al: ‘The effect of secondary-DC-loss protection on the reliability of substation protection system’. 2020 5th Asia Conf. on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE), Chengdu, China, 2020, pp. 13931398.
    23. 23)
      • 13. Ma, J., Li, J., Wang, Z., et al: ‘Wide-area back-up protection based on fault correlation factor’, Proc. CSEE, 2010, 30, (31), pp. 100107.
    24. 24)
      • 15. Jin, N., Lin, X., Zhao, H., et al: ‘Special protection system to cope with the unavailability of sampling values from an entire substation’, Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., 2018, 102, pp. 265271.
    25. 25)
      • 20. Jiang, X., Zhang, J., Harding, B.J., et al: ‘Spoofing GPS receiver clock offset of phasor measurement units’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2013, 28, (3), pp. 32533262.
    26. 26)
      • 25. Neyestanaki, M.K., Ranjbar, A.M.: ‘An adaptive PMU-based wide area backup protection scheme for power transmission lines’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2015, 6, (3), pp. 15501559.
    27. 27)
      • 21. Zhang, Z., Gong, S., Dimitrovski, A.D., et al: ‘Time synchronization attack in smart grid: impact and analysis’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2013, 4, (1), pp. 8798.
    28. 28)
      • 14. Liu, Y., Gao, H., Gao, W., et al: ‘Development of a substation-area backup protective relay for smart substation’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2017, 8, (6), pp. 25442553.
    29. 29)
    30. 30)
      • 9. Firdaus, F., Aditya, D.O., Pramono, W.B.: ‘DC backup power supply monitoring in substation based on wireless sensor network’. Int. Conf. on Wireless and Telematics IEEE, Palembang, 2017, pp. 97100.
    31. 31)
      • 19. Chen, L., Lin, X., Li, Z., et al: ‘Remedial pilot main protection scheme for transmission line independent of data synchronism’, IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, 2019, 10, pp. 681690.
    32. 32)
      • 11. IEEE Guide for Protective Relay Applications to Transmission Lines, IEEE Std. C37.113-1999.
    33. 33)
      • 12. Horowitz, S.H., Phadke, A.G.: ‘Third zone revisited’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2006, 21, (1), pp. 2329.
    34. 34)
      • 17. Ali, N.H., Eissa, M.M.: ‘Accelerating the protection schemes through IEC 61850 protocols’, Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst., 2018, 102, (NOV.), pp. 189200.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.0914
Loading

Related content

content/journals/10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.0914
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6
Loading