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access icon free Partial discharge direction-of-arrival estimation in air-insulated substation by UHF wireless array and RSSI maximum likelihood estimator

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 16/04/2020, Accepted 24/08/2020, Revised 27/07/2020, Published 14/09/2020

The quick detection and localisation of partial discharge (PD) in an air-insulated substation (AIS) based on ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) sensor arrays are efficient for power equipment monitoring. The adopted UHF PD time difference-of-arrival (DOA) methods mainly use the time difference of electromagnetic wave signals. Thus, the system requires both a high-sampling rate and time synchronisation accuracy, leading to a high cost and large size. In this study, the feasibility and accuracy of PD DOA in an AIS were investigated using an UHF wireless sensor array and the received signal strength indicator. First, the power pattern of the designed UHF wireless sensor array was obtained via an offline experiment. Then, a statistical approach to the PD DOA method based on the maximum likelihood estimator was employed to obtain the preliminary DOA result. Finally, interpolation and clustering algorithms were used to improve the accuracy of the DOA. A laboratory test was conducted. The average error of the PD DOA was <6°, and the cost-effectiveness and portability were clearly improved.

Inspec keywords: gas insulated substations; wireless sensor networks; direction-of-arrival estimation; maximum likelihood estimation; partial discharge measurement; synchronisation; sensor arrays; interpolation

Other keywords: AIS; preliminary DOA result; partial discharge direction-of-arrival estimation; partial discharge detection; UHF wireless sensor array; ultrahigh-frequency sensor arrays; clustering algorithm; time synchronisation accuracy; partial discharge localisation; received signal strength indicator; PD DOA method; power equipment monitoring; high-sampling rate; PD time difference-of-arrival methods; interpolation algorithm; UHF wireless array; power pattern; air-insulated substation; electromagnetic wave signals; RSSI maximum likelihood estimator

Subjects: Signal processing and detection; Substations; Sensing devices and transducers; Charge measurement; Other topics in statistics; Wireless sensor networks; Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis)

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