Frequency droop control with scheduled charging of electric vehicles

Hui Liu; Yude Yang; Junjian Qi; Jinghua Li; Hua Wei; Peijie Li

Frequency droop control with scheduled charging of electric vehicles

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Author(s): Hui Liu ¹ ; Yude Yang ¹ ; Junjian Qi ² ; Jinghua Li ¹ ; Hua Wei ¹ ; Peijie Li ¹
- Affiliations: 1: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Power System Optimization and Energy Technology, College of Electrical Engineering, Guangxi University, Guangxi, People's Republic of China ;
  2: Argonne National Laboratory, Energy Systems Division, Argonne, IL, USA
Source: Volume 11, Issue 3, 16 February 2017, p. 649 – 656
DOI: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2016.0554 , Print ISSN 1751-8687, Online ISSN 1751-8695

Received 13/04/2016, Accepted 16/10/2016, Revised 21/09/2016, Published 16/02/2017

Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) control of electric vehicles (EVs) has the potential to provide frequency regulation for power system operation. The authors study the frequency droop control with EVs’ participation. The challenge is to simultaneously suppress frequency fluctuation and satisfy transportation usages of EV owners. A V2G control consisting of frequency droop control and scheduled charging is developed to overcome this challenge. Frequency droop control can suppress frequency fluctuation by responding to frequency deviation signal, while scheduled charging can achieve the charging demands of EV owners. Although uncertain regulation may result in deviation of the battery energy levels from the expected, the scheduled charging made based on the departure time, the real-time, the real-time battery energy levels, and the expected battery energy levels can compensate this change in real time. The proposed V2G control can ensure different types of charging demands such as holding battery energy levels and elevating battery energy levels, unlike existing methods in which different V2G control strategies have to be developed. Simulations on a two-area interconnected power grid using real power grid data in China validate the effectiveness of the proposed V2G control in suppressing frequency fluctuation and achieving the charging demands of EV owners.

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