This study proposes three macroscopic indices to evaluate the quality of AC/DC hybrid power grid structures, which are the corridor strength index, the voltage support strength index and the frequency support strength index. The corridor strength index includes the ratio of the AC corridor strength to the DC corridor strength and the strength of the AC corridor to resist the sudden power transferred from the DC corridor. The multi-infeed effective short-circuit ratio is used as the voltage support strength index to evaluate the voltage support ability for the DC converter stations. The frequency bias factor is adopted as the frequency support strength index to measure the frequency support ability of the power grids. These three macroscopic indices can reflect some important qualities of the AC/DC hybrid power grid structures and provide an effective tool for quantitative assessments of the AC/DC hybrid power grid structures. Application of the three indices in China Southern Power Grid is presented, which proves the validity of the three indices.

References

1. 1)
  - 2. Maria, G.A., Tang, C., Kim, J.: ‘Hybrid transient stability analysis [power systems]’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 1990, 5, (5), pp. 384–393 (doi: 10.1109/59.54544).
2. 2)
  - 17. CIGRE Working Group 14.07, IEEE Working Group 15.05.05: ‘Guide for planning DC links terminating at AC systems locations having low short-circuit capacities’, 1997.
3. 3)
  - 5. Li, G., Rovnyak, S.M.: ‘Integral square generator angle index for stability ranking and control’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2005, 5, (20), pp. 926–934 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2005.846118).
4. 4)
  - 6. Lof, P.A., Andersson, G., Hill, D.J.: ‘Voltage stability indices for stressed power systems’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 1993, 2, (8), pp. 326–335 (doi: 10.1109/59.221224).
5. 5)
  - 20. CIGRE Working Group B4.41: ‘Systems with multiple DC infeed’, 2008.
6. 6)
  - 19. Zhang, L., Harnefors, L., Nee, H.: ‘Power-synchronization control of grid-connected voltage-source converters’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2009, 11, (25), pp. 809–820.
7. 7)
  - 15. Clark, H.K., El-Gasseir, M.M., Epp, H.D.K.: ‘The application of segmentation and grid shock absorber concept for reliable power grids’. Proc. IEEE Int. Middle-East Power System Conf., Aswan, Egypt, 2008, pp. 34–38.
8. 8)
  - 18. Durrant, M., Werner, H., Abbott, K.: ‘Model of a VSC HVDC terminal attached to a weak AC system’. Proc. IEEE Conf. on Control Applications, Istanbul, Turkey, June 2003, pp. 178–182.
9. 9)
  - 8. Harnefors, L., Johansson, N., Zhang, L., et al: ‘Interarea oscillation damping using active-power modulation of multiterminal HVDC transmissions’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 2014, 2, (29), pp. 1–10.
10. 10)
  - 12. Sigrist, L., Egido, I., Rouco, L.: ‘Frequency stability boundary of small isolated power systems’. IEEE 26th Convention of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in Israel (IEEEI), 2010, Eliat, Israel, 2010, pp. 229–233.
11. 11)
  - 14. Li, Q., Ren, J., Hu, W.: ‘Research on Pareto optimal-based delamination and partition-area program of Hebei Southern Power Grid’. Int. Conf. on Electricity Distribution (CICED), 2010, Nanjing, China, September 2010, pp. 1–6.
12. 12)
  - 7. Vournas, C.D.: ‘Voltage stability and controllability indices for multimachine power systems’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 1995, 8, (10), pp. 1183–1194 (doi: 10.1109/59.466538).
13. 13)
  - 1. Tang, C.K., Graham, C.E., El-Kady, M., et al: ‘Transient stability index from conventional time domain simulation’, IEEE Trans. Power Syst., 1994, 8, (9), pp. 1524–1530 (doi: 10.1109/59.336108).
14. 14)
  - 16. Mousavi, O.A., Bizumic, L., Cherkaoui, R.: ‘Assessment of HVDC grid segmentation for reducing the risk of cascading outages and blackouts’. Proc. IEEE 2013 IREP Symp. Bulk Power System Dynamics and Control – IX Optimization, Security and Control of the Emerging Power Grid, Rethymno, Greece, August 2013, pp. 1–10.
15. 15)
  - 9. Pipelzadeh, Y., Chaudhuri, B., Green, T.C.: ‘Control coordination within a VSC HVDC link for power oscillation damping: a robust decentralized approach using homotopy’, IEEE Trans. Control Syst. Technol., 2013, 6, (21), pp. 1270–1279 (doi: 10.1109/TCST.2012.2202285).
16. 16)
  - 4. Fang, D.Z., Yang, J.G., Sun, W., et al: ‘Transient stability assessment using projection formulations’, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2009, 6, (3), pp. 596–603 (doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2008.0583).
17. 17)
  - 22. China Southern Power Grid Corp: ‘Guide on security and stability analysis for CSG’, 2009.
18. 18)
  - 10. Kundur, P.: ‘Power system stability and control’ (McGraw-Hill, 1994, 1st edn.).
19. 19)
  - 3. Fang, D., Chung, T.S., Zhang, Y.: ‘Corrected transient energy function and its application to transient stability margin assessment’. Fourth Int. Conf. on Advances in Power System Control, Operation and Management, 1997 (APSCOM-97) (Conf. Publication No. 450), 1997, pp. 310–313.
20. 20)
  - 11. Rahimi, E., Gole, A.M., Davies, J.B., et al: ‘Commutation failure analysis in multi-infeed HVDC systems’, IEEE Trans. Power Deliv., 2011, 1, (26), pp. 378–384 (doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2081692).
21. 21)
  - 21. Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, H., et al: ‘Analysis on the Interaction of AC/DC systems based on multi-infeed Q effective short circuit ratio’. Proc. IEEE 2012 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conf., Shanghai, China, March 2012, pp. 1–4.
22. 22)
  - 13. Xu, Z., Dong, H., Huang, H.: ‘Debates on ultra-high-voltage synchronous power grid: the future super grid in China?’, IET Gener. Transm. Distrib., 2015, 5, (9), pp. 740–747 (doi: 10.1049/iet-gtd.2014.0281).

Three macroscopic indices for describing the quality of AC/DC power grid structures

References

Related content