Your browser does not support JavaScript!
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com
1887

access icon free Calculation of rotor losses in PM machines with retaining sleeves using transfer matrices

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 27/12/2017, Accepted 26/04/2018, Revised 23/04/2018, Published 10/05/2018

Accurate calculation of rotor losses in permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines can be critical because these losses tend to be very small relative to others in the machine. Numerical methods, such as finite element analysis (FEA), can now provide accurate estimates of these losses, but they, especially 3D-FEA, can be time consuming. Analytical methods therefore remain very useful as quick tools for estimating losses at the early design stages. This study presents a new improved analytical method for the calculations of rotor eddy current losses in PM machines using a reformulation of the current sheet model into transfer matrices to solve Helmholtz's diffusion equation. Such methodology reduces the complexity of the problem significantly, particularly in machines with retaining sleeves, and simplifies the numerical evaluation of the resulting equations. A high-speed PM machine with a retaining sleeve is presented as a case study. The analytical results are verified using FEA.

Inspec keywords: Helmholtz equations; finite element analysis; rotors; matrix algebra; synchronous machines; eddy current losses

Other keywords: 3D-FEA; current sheet model; retaining sleeve; permanent magnet synchronous machines; finite element analysis; Helmholtz diffusion equation; numerical methods; PM synchronous machines; transfer matrices; rotor eddy current loss calculation

Subjects: Synchronous machines; Finite element analysis; Differential equations (numerical analysis); Linear algebra (numerical analysis)

References

    1. 1)
      • 1. Tessarolo, A.: ‘A survey of state-of-the-art methods to compute rotor eddy-current losses in synchronous permanent magnet machines’. 2017 IEEE Workshop on Electrical Machines Design, Control and Diagnosis (WEMDCD), Birmingham, UK, April 2017, pp. 12–19.
    2. 2)
      • 9. Zhu, Z.Q., Ng, K., Schofield, N., et al: ‘Improved analytical modelling of rotor eddy current loss in brushless machines equipped with surface-mounted permanent magnets’, IEE Proc. – Electr. Power Appl., 2004, 151, (6), pp. 641–650.
    3. 3)
      • 29. Zhu, Z.Q., Howe, D., Chan, C.C.: ‘Improved analytical model for predicting the magnetic field distribution in brushless permanent-magnet machines’, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2002, 38, (1), pp. 229–238.
    4. 4)
      • 20. Freeman, E.M.: ‘Travelling waves in induction machines: input impedance and equivalent circuits’, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., 1968, 115, (12), pp. 1772–1776.
    5. 5)
      • 28. Guttag, J.V.: ‘Introduction to computation and programming using python’ (The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 2013).
    6. 6)
      • 14. Irenji, N.T.: ‘Calculation of electromagnetic rotor losses in high-speed permanent magnet machines’. PhD Thesis, University of Southampton, 1998.
    7. 7)
      • 25. Anglada, J.R., Sharkh, S.M., Qazalbash, A.A.: ‘Analysis of slotting models for the calculation of no-load rotor losses in PM machines’. 2016 XXII Int. Conf. on Electrical Machines (ICEM), Lausanne, Switzerland, September 2016, pp. 1325–1331.
    8. 8)
      • 2. Fukuma, A., Kanazawa, S., Miyagi, D., et al: ‘Investigation of AC loss of permanent magnet of SPM motor considering hysteresis and eddy-current losses’, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2005, 41, (5), pp. 1964–1967.
    9. 9)
      • 12. Lawrenson, P.J., Reece, P., Ralph, M.C.: ‘Tooth-ripple losses in solid Poles’, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., 1966, 113, (4), pp. 657–662.
    10. 10)
      • 26. Anglada, J.R., Sharkh, S.M., Qazalbash, A.A.: ‘Influence of curvature on air-gap magnetic field distribution and rotor losses in PM electric machines’, COMPEL – Int. J. Comput. Math. Electr. Electron. Eng., 2017, 36, (4), pp. 871–891. Available at https://doi.org/10.1108/COMPEL-05-2016-0200.
    11. 11)
      • 11. Wu, X., Wrobel, R., Mellor, P.H., et al: ‘A computationally efficient pm power loss mapping for brushless AC PM machines with surface-mounted PM rotor construction’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2015, 62, (12), pp. 7391–7401.
    12. 12)
      • 27. Bachmann, P.: ‘Analytische Zahlentheorie’ (Teubner, Leipzig, 1894).
    13. 13)
      • 18. Pipes, L.A.: ‘Matrix theory of skin effect in laminations’, J. Franklin Inst., 1956, 262, (2), pp. 127–138.
    14. 14)
      • 33. Shah, V.B., Edelman, A., Karpinski, S., et al: ‘Novel algebras for advanced analytics in Julia’. 2013 IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Conf. (HPEC), Waltham, Massachusetts, USA, September 2013, pp. 1–4.
    15. 15)
      • 23. Qazalbash, A.A., Sharkh, S.M., Irenji, N.T., et al: ‘Calculation of no-load rotor eddy-current power loss in PM synchronous machines’, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2014, 50, (9), pp. 1–8.
    16. 16)
      • 17. Russenschuck, S.: ‘Field computation for accelerator magnets’ (Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany, 2010).
    17. 17)
      • 35. Anglada, J.R.: ‘Calculation of rotor losses using transfer matrices – Julia’, 2018. Available at https://github.com/jrenedo/TM_rotor_loss_jl.
    18. 18)
      • 3. Petrov, I., Egorov, D., Link, J., et al: ‘Hysteresis losses in different types of permanent magnets used in PMSMs’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2017, 64, (3), pp. 2502–2510.
    19. 19)
      • 5. Pyrhonen, J., Ruoho, S., Nerg, J., et al: ‘Hysteresis losses in sintered NdFeB permanent magnets in rotating electrical machines’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2015, 62, (2), pp. 857–865.
    20. 20)
      • 31. Pyrhonen, J., Jokinen, T., Hrabovcova, V.: ‘Design of rotating electrical machines’ (Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, 2009).
    21. 21)
      • 30. Alger, P.: ‘The nature of induction machines’ (Gordon and Breach, New York, USA, 1965).
    22. 22)
      • 21. Kirtley, J.L.: ‘Surface coefficient for multipole magnetic field boundary condition problems’, IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst., 1975, 94, (3), pp. 934–938.
    23. 23)
      • 19. Greig, J., Freeman, E.M.: ‘Travelling-wave problem in electrical machines’, Proc. Inst. Electr. Eng., 1967, 114, (11), pp. 1681–1683.
    24. 24)
      • 7. Drubel, O., Stoll, R.L.: ‘Comparison between analytical and numerical methods of calculating tooth ripple losses in salient pole synchronous machines’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2001, 16, (1), pp. 61–67.
    25. 25)
      • 10. Bianchi, N., Fornasiero, E.: ‘Impact of MMF space harmonic on rotor losses in fractional-slot permanent-magnet machines’, IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., 2009, 24, (2), pp. 323–328.
    26. 26)
      • 22. Zarko, D., Ban, D., Lipo, T.A.: ‘Analytical calculation of magnetic field distribution in the slotted air gap of a surface permanent-magnet motor using complex relative air-gap permeance’, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2006, 42, (7), pp. 1828–1837.
    27. 27)
      • 4. Egorov, D., Petrov, I., Link, J., et al: ‘Model-based hysteresis loss assessment in PMSMs with ferrite magnets’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., 2018, 65, (1), pp. 179–188.
    28. 28)
      • 15. Sharkh, S.M., Qazalbash, A.A., Irenji, N.T., et al: ‘Effect of slot configuration and airgap and magnet thicknesses on rotor electromagnetic loss in surface pm synchronous machines’. Int. Conf. on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Beijing, China, August 2011, pp. 1–6.
    29. 29)
      • 24. Qazalbash, A.A., Sharkh, S.M., Irenji, N.T., et al: ‘Rotor eddy current power loss in permanent magnet synchronous generators feeding uncontrolled rectifier loads’, IEEE Trans. Magn., 2014, 50, (6), pp. 1–9.
    30. 30)
      • 34. Anglada, J.R.: ‘Calculation of rotor losses using transfer matrices – MATLAB’, 2018. Available at https://github.com/jrenedo/TM_rotor_loss_matlab.
    31. 31)
      • 13. Stoll, R., Sykulski, J.: ‘Modelling tooth ripple losses in the solid pole faces of synchronous machines’, COMPEL – Int. J. Comput. Math. Electr. Electron. Eng., 1992, 11, (1), pp. 105–108.
    32. 32)
      • 8. Atallah, K., Howe, D., Mellor, P.H., et al: ‘Rotor loss in permanent-magnet brushless AC machines’, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., 2000, 36, (6), pp. 1612–1618.
    33. 33)
      • 6. Nagarkatti, A.K., Mohammed, O.A., Demerdash, N.A.: ‘Special losses in rotors of electronically commutated brushless DC motors induced by non-uniformly rotating amature MMFS’, IEEE Trans. Power Appar. Syst., 1982, PAS-101, (12), pp. 4502–4507.
    34. 34)
      • 16. Qazalbash, A.A., Sharkh, S.M., Irenji, N.T., et al: ‘Rotor eddy loss in high-speed permanent magnet synchronous generators’, IET Electr. Power Appl., 2015, 9, (5), pp. 370–376.
    35. 35)
      • 32. Bezanson, J., Karpinski, S., Shah, V.B., et al: ‘Julia: a fast dynamic language for technical computing’, arXiv:1209.5145, 2012. Available at https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.5145.
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0863
Loading

Related content

content/journals/10.1049/iet-epa.2017.0863
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6
Loading
Print this page
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address