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access icon free Energy efficiency of five broadcast-based ARQ protocols in multi-hop wireless sensor networks

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 04/11/2018, Accepted 07/06/2019, Revised 28/05/2019, Published 11/06/2019

Achieving reliable and energy-saving broadcast is the main issue discussed in this study. Firstly, a multi-hop broadcast model is introduced, and the energy consumption and reliability of the network are defined in this study. Then five broadcast-based automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols (automatic retransmission N times, stop-and-wait end-to-end-ARQ, stop-and-wait hop-by-hop-ARQ, stop-and-wait hop-by-hop oriented implicit ARQ, stop-and-wait hop-by-hop implicit and explicit ARQ) are proposed to realise the reliable transmission. Secondly, based on five protocols, the relationship between the system reliability and the number of retransmissions of the root node is established analytically, and the maximum number of retransmissions is solved under the required system reliability. Thirdly, the energy consumptions of the root node are calculated, and then the analytical expressions of the minimum system energy consumption are obtained separately according to five broadcast-based retransmission mechanisms. Finally, the relationships between the maximum number of retransmissions, energy consumption and reliability, the broadcast probability and feedback probability are discussed in the numerical analysis. Specially, for better energy-saving, the modulation technique should be adopted to choose suitable protocol based on a dynamic hop threshold.

Inspec keywords: telecommunication network reliability; energy conservation; probability; wireless sensor networks; protocols; telecommunication power management; energy consumption; automatic repeat request; broadcast communication

Other keywords: multihop wireless sensor networks; modulation technique; broadcast-based automatic repeat request protocols; broadcast-based retransmission mechanisms; energy-saving broadcast; stop-to-wait hop-by-hop oriented implicit ARQ; stop-to-wait hop-by-hop implicit and explicit ARQ; root node; energy efficiency; feedback probability; minimum system energy consumption; reliable transmission; dynamic hop threshold; automatic retransmission; system reliability; stop-to-wait hop-by-hop-ARQ; broadcast probability; stop-and-wait end-to-end-ARQ; broadcast-based ARQ protocols; multihop broadcast model

Subjects: Wireless sensor networks; Reliability; Protocols; Other topics in statistics; Telecommunication systems (energy utilisation); Probability theory, stochastic processes, and statistics

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