Your browser does not support JavaScript!
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com
1887

access icon free Language independent on–off voice over IP source model with lognormal transitions

The recent explosive growth of voice over IP (VoIP) solutions calls for accurate modelling of VoIP traffic. This study presents measurements of ON and OFF periods of VoIP activity from a significantly large database of VoIP call recordings consisting of native speakers speaking in some of the world's most widely spoken languages. The impact of the languages and the varying dynamics of caller interaction on the ON and OFF period statistics are assessed. It is observed that speaker interactions dominate over language dependence which makes monologue-based data unreliable for traffic modelling. The authors derive a semi-Markov model which accurately reproduces the statistics of composite dialogue measurements.

References

    1. 1)
      • 3. Brady, P.T.: ‘A model for generating on-off speech patterns in two-way conversations’, Bell Syst. Tech. J., 1969, 48, pp. 24452472 (doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1969.tb01181.x).
    2. 2)
      • 12. Pragtong, P., Ahmed, K.M., Erke, T.J.: ‘Analysis and modelling of voice over IP traffic in the real network’, IEICE Trans. Inf. Syst., 2006, E89-D, (12), pp. 28862896 (doi: 10.1093/ietisy/e89-d.12.2886).
    3. 3)
      • 18. Rosner, B.S., Pickering, J.B.: ‘Vowel constancy: coarticulationKeller, I. in ‘Vowel perception and production’ (Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. 294295.
    4. 4)
      • 4. Sriram, K., Whitt, W.: ‘Characterizing superposition arrival processes in packet multiplexers for voice and data’, IEEE J Sel. Areas. Commun., 1986, 4, (6), pp. 833846 (doi: 10.1109/JSAC.1986.1146402).
    5. 5)
      • 7. Stern, H.P., Mahmoud, S.A., Wong, K.K.: ‘A model for generating on-off patterns in conversational speech, including short silence gaps and the effects of interaction between parties’, IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., 1994, 43, (4), pp. 10941100 (doi: 10.1109/25.330173).
    6. 6)
      • 17. Zellner, B.: ‘Pauses and the temporal structure of speech’, Bel, B., Marlin, I. in ‘Fundamentals of speech synthesis and speech recognition’ (John Wiley, Chichester, 1994), pp. 4162.
    7. 7)
      • 13. Macwhinney, B.: ‘The talkbank project’, in Beal, J., Corrigan, K., Moisl, L. (Eds.): ‘Creating and digitizing language corpora: synchronic databases’ (Palgrave-Macmillan, 2007), vol. 1[URL:http://talkbank.org/media/CABank/CallFriend/].
    8. 8)
      • 9. Dang, T.D., Sonokoly, B., Molnar, S.: ‘Fractal analysis and modelling of VoIP traffic’. Proc. Networks, Vienna, Austria, 2004, pp. 123130.
    9. 9)
      • 14. Incorporated T.: ‘The open speech repository’, [URL:http:/www.voiptroubleshooter.com/openspeech/index.html].
    10. 10)
      • 20. Dempster, A.P., Laird, N.M., Rubin, D.B.: ‘Maximum likelihood from incomplete data via the EM algorithm’, J. R. Stat. Soc., 1977, pp. 138.
    11. 11)
      • 1. Mockapetris, P.: ‘Telephony's next act’, IEEE Spectr., 2006, 43, pp. 2832 (doi: 10.1109/MSPEC.2006.1611758).
    12. 12)
      • 11. Casilari, E., Montes, H., Sandoval, F.: ‘Modelling of voice traffic over IP networks’. Proc. CSNDSP 2002, Staffordshire, U.K., 2002, pp. 411414.
    13. 13)
      • 2. Menth, M., Binzenhofer, A., Muhleck, S.: ‘Source models for speech traffic revisited’, IEEE-ACM Trans. Netw., 2009, 17, (4), pp. 10421051 (doi: 10.1109/TNET.2008.2006222).
    14. 14)
      • 15. Sanes, D.H., Reh, T.A., Harris, W.A.: ‘Behavioural development’, in ‘Development of the Nervous System’ (Academic Press, 2006), pp. 303.
    15. 15)
      • 10. Chuah, C.N., Katz, R.H.: ‘Characterizing packet audio streams from internet multimedia applications’. Proc. IEEE ICC, New York, USA, 2002, pp. 11992203.
    16. 16)
      • 8. Lee, H.H., Un, C.K.: ‘A study of on-off characteristics of conversational speech’, IEEE Trans. Commun., 1986, 34, (6), pp. 630637 (doi: 10.1109/TCOM.1986.1096590).
    17. 17)
      • 5. ITU-T: ‘P.59: telephone quality objective measuring apparatus: artificial conversational speech’, 1993.
    18. 18)
      • 19. Campione, E., Veronis, J.: ‘A large-scale multilingual study of silent pause duration’. Proc. Speech Prosody, Aix-en-Provence, France, April 2002, pp. 199202.
    19. 19)
      • 21. Moon, T.K.: ‘The expectation maximization algorithm’, IEEE Signal Process. Mag., 1996, 13, (6), pp. 4760 (doi: 10.1109/79.543975).
    20. 20)
      • 16. Goode, B.: ‘Voice over internet protocol (VoIP)’, Proc. IEEE, 2002, 90, (9), pp. 14951517 (doi: 10.1109/JPROC.2002.802005).
    21. 21)
      • 6. Gruber, J.G.: ‘A comparison of measured and calculated speech temporal parameters relevant to speech activity detection’, IEEE Trans. Commun., 1982, 30, (4), pp. 728738 (doi: 10.1109/TCOM.1982.1095514).
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/iet-com.2012.0686
Loading

Related content

content/journals/10.1049/iet-com.2012.0686
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6
Loading
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address