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Control-theoretic dynamic voltage scaling for embedded controllers

Control-theoretic dynamic voltage scaling for embedded controllers

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  • Author(s): F. Xia 1, 2 ; Y.-C. Tian 1 ; Y. Sun 3 ; J. Dong 2
    • View affiliations
    • Affiliations: 1: Faculty of Information Technology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
      2: College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
      3: State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
  • Source: Volume 2, Issue 5, September 2008, p. 377 – 385
    DOI:  10.1049/iet-cdt:20070112 , Print ISSN 1751-8601, Online ISSN 1751-861X
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Published

For microprocessors used in real-time embedded systems, minimising power consumption is difficult due to the timing constraints. Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) has been incorporated into modern microprocessors as a promising technique for exploring the trade-off between energy consumption and system performance. However, it remains a challenge to realise the potential of DVS in unpredictable environments, where the system workload cannot be accurately known. By addressing system-level power-aware design for DVS-enabled embedded controllers, an analytical model has been established for the DVS system that encompasses multiple real-time control tasks. From this model, a feedback control based approach to power management is developed to reduce dynamic power consumption, while achieving good application performance. With this approach, the unpredictability and variability of task execution times can be attacked. Thanks to the use of feedback control theory, predictable performance of the DVS system is achieved, which is favourable to real-time applications. Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.

Inspec keywords: microprocessor chips; embedded systems; power aware computing; feedback

Other keywords: dynamic power consumption; embedded controllers; feedback control; power management; control-theoretic dynamic voltage scaling; microprocessors; task execution times

Subjects: Power electronics, supply and supervisory circuits; Other circuits for digital computers; Microprocessors and microcomputers; Microprocessor chips

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