access icon openaccess Selective stimulation of rat sciatic nerve using an array of mm-size magnetic coils: a simulation study

This is an open access article published by the IET under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Received 10/08/2018, Accepted 12/04/2019, Revised 10/03/2019, Published 03/06/2019

This work proposes and computationally investigate the use of magnetic neural stimulation as an alternative to electrical stimulation to achieve selective activation of rat sciatic nerve. In particular, they assess the effectiveness of an array of small coils to obtain selective neural stimulation, as compared to a single coil. Specifically, an array of four mm-sized coils is used to stimulate rat sciatic nerve, targeting the regions of fascicles that are associated with different muscles of the leg. To evaluate the selectivity of activation, a three-dimensional heterogeneous multi-resolution nerve model is implemented using the impedance method for the computation of the magnetic and electric fields in the nerve. The performance metric ‘selectivity index’ is defined that measures the recruitment of the targeted region compared to other non-targeted regions of the nerve. The selectivity index takes values between −1 (least selective) and 1 (most selective). For each targeted region, a selectivity index of 0.75 or better is predicted for the proposed array configuration. The results suggest that an array of coils can provide superior spatial control of the electric field induced in the neural tissue compared to traditional extraneural electrode arrays, thus opening the possibility to applications where selective neurostimulation is of interest.

Inspec keywords: bioelectric potentials; biomedical electrodes; neurophysiology; muscle; biomagnetism; neuromuscular stimulation; physiological models; biological tissues; bioelectric phenomena

Other keywords: nontargeted regions; electric fields; selective activation; array configuration; magnetic neural stimulation; selective neurostimulation; mm-size magnetic coils; rat sciatic nerve; electrical stimulation; single coil; performance metric; three-dimensional heterogeneous multiresolution nerve model; selectivity index; selective stimulation; selective neural stimulation; traditional extraneural electrode arrays; targeted region; magnetic fields

Subjects: Bioelectric signals; Prosthetics and orthotics; Electrical activity in neurophysiological processes; Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation; Numerical approximation and analysis

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