Measurements and inferences of raindrop canting angles
The canting angle distribution of raindrops derived separately from a 2-D video disdrometer and from an S-band advanced polarimetric radar are presented. In the former case, measurements were made in both natural and artificial rain. The canting angles showed a symmetric distribution about 0° with a standard deviation (σβ) of 7°–8° in low wind conditions and 12° in moderate wind conditions. In the radar-based estimates, the histogram of σβ derived from data obtained during a light stratiform rain event with embedded convection shows the mode to be around 7°, with a significant positive skewness. Around 16% of occurrences exceeded 10° and 3.3% exceeded 15°.