A folding Viterbi detector (FVD) is proposed, which has the usual state transition diagram folded with inverted states. Since most trellis-coded signals have symmetrical transition diagrams, if folded appropriately, branch metrics will appear when an add or subtract operation is carried out. In this scheme, one adder/subtractor replaces two adders. Compared with the EPR4 GVA detector, which requires eight adders, the proposed FVD requires only five adder/subtractors and the total gate count is reduced by 38% without BER performance degradation.
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http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/el_20000297
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