As a new method to synthesise a multi-quasiparabolic (MQP) profile, the gradient of the electron density distribution of the ionosphere is used as input data. This method suits F1 layer modelling, providing a wide range of realistic shapes in the vertical ionograms by varying the gradient. Although we focus on the vertical propagation case, further simulations have shown the effect of this modelling on oblique incidence high frequency applications.
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