Primary VLF/ELF currents produced by heating the lower ionosphere in parts of China
A new iterative method is employed to calculate the primary ELF/VLF currents produced by heating the lower ionosphere with powerful modulated waves. The calculations are mainly for parts of China, as well as for Tromsø, Norway for comparison. The results indicate that, first, there are many similar characteristics for Beijing and Tromsø, secondly, the ELF/VLF currents in Haikou are much larger than those in Beijing and Tromsø if the natural electric fields are equal.