© The Institution of Electrical Engineers
The use of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm in commercially available and custom-built digital spectrum analysers has resulted in an increasing interest in system identification in the frequency domain. Historically, pseudorandom binary signals have been widely used as perturbation signals for system identification because they are easy to generate using simple shift-register circuitry, which has resulted in their incorporation in a number of signal generators. However, their properties are not particularly well suited to frequency-domain system identification. This has led to the design of more suitable signals for this type of identification, but these have tended to remain primarily a research tool because they have not been easy to generate. This problem has largely disappeared with the widespread availability of programmable read only memories and some of these designs are just beginning to appear on commercial hardware and software packages. It is timely, therefore, to review some of these other designs.
References
-
-
1)
-
D. Everett
.
Periodic digital sequences with pseudonoise properties.
GEC Jnl. Sci. Tech.
,
115 -
126
-
2)
-
A. van Den Bos
.
A new method for synthesis of low peak factor signals.
IEEE Trans.
,
120 -
122
-
3)
-
K.R. Godfrey
.
The theory of the correlation method of dynamic analysis and its application to industrial processes and nuclear power plant.
Measurement and Control
,
T65 -
T72
-
4)
-
Henderson, I.A., McGhee, J.: `Maxent binary identification of a warm air system', IMEKO Symposium on Microprocessors in Temperature and Thermal Measurement, May 1989, Lodz, Poland.
-
5)
-
M.R. Buckner ,
T.W. Kerlin
.
Optimum binary signals for reactor frequency response measurements.
Nucl. Sci. Eng.
,
255 -
262
-
6)
-
C.H. Chen ,
T.W. Kerlin ,
D.N. Fry
.
Experiences with binary periodic signals for dynamic testing at the HFIR.
IEEE Trans. on Nucl. Sci.
,
828 -
836
-
7)
-
Rees, D.: `Design of non-binary signals with low peak factors', IEE Colloquium Digest 1990/097, IEE Colloquium on Multifrequency Testing for System Identification, 8 June 1990, London, p. 4.1–4.6.
-
8)
-
K.R. Godfrey
.
Correlation methods.
Automatica
,
527 -
534
-
9)
-
Porch, H.R., Mo, S.H.: `Toolkit for plant system identification', IEE Colloquium Digest 1990/097, IEE Colloquium on Multifrequency Testing for System Identification, 8 June 1990, London, p. 6.1–6.6.
-
10)
-
E. van Der Ouderaa ,
J. Schoukens ,
J. Renneboog
.
Peak factor minimisation of input and output signals of linear systems.
IEEE Trans.
,
207 -
212
-
11)
-
van Den Bos, A.: `Construction of binary multifrequency test signals', 4.6, 1st IFAC Symposium on Identification in Automatic Control Systems, June 1967, Prague.
-
12)
-
van Den Bos, A.: `Estimation of linear system coefficients from noisy responses to binary multifrequency test signals', 7.2, 2nd IFAC Symposium on Identification and Process Parameter Estimation, June 1970, Prague.
-
13)
-
W.W. Peterson
.
(1965)
, Error correcting codes.
-
14)
-
S.L. Harris ,
D.A. Mellichamp
.
On line identification of process dynamics: multifrequency binary sequences.
Ind. Eng. Chem., Process Des. Dev.
,
166 -
174
-
15)
-
van Den Bos, A.: `Selection of periodic test signals for estimation of linear system dynamics', TT-3, 3rd IFAC Symposium on Identification and Process Parameter Estimation, June 1973, Delft , p. 1015–1022.
-
16)
-
A. van Den Bos ,
R.G. Krol
.
Synthesis of discrete-interval signals with specified Fourier amplitude spectra.
Int. Jnl. Control
,
871 -
884
-
17)
-
Patton, R.J., Taylor, P., Young, P.: `Frequency domain testing of helicopter dynamics using automated input signals', IEE Colloquium Digest 1990/097, IEE Colloquium on Multifrequency Testing for System Identification, 8 June 1990, London, p. 8.1–8.13.
-
18)
-
J.O. Flower ,
C.F. Knott ,
S.C. Force
.
Application of Schroeder-phased harmonic signals to practical identification.
Measurement and Control
,
69 -
73
-
19)
-
J.O. Flower ,
S.C. Force ,
N.G. Ratcliffe ,
C.B. Roust
.
Dynamic measurements of a nuclear reactor using low peak factor excitation signals.
Nucl. Sci. Eng.
,
110 -
115
-
20)
-
L.W. Bezanson ,
S.L. Harris
.
Identification and control of an extruder using multivariable algorithms.
Proc. IEE
,
145 -
152
-
21)
-
Henderson, I.A., McGhee, J.: `Compact symmetrical binary codes for system identification', 7th International Mathematical and Computer Modelling Conference, August 1989, Chicago .
-
22)
-
Henderson, I.A., McGhee, J.: `Phase shift keyed technique for microcomputer narrowband identification of a control system', WA-5-1, IEEE International Conference on Control and Applications, April 1989, Jerusalem.
-
23)
-
Godfrey, K.R.: `Introduction to non-binary signals used in system identification', IEE International Conference ‘Control 91’, March 1991, Edinburgh.
-
24)
-
Paehlike, K.-D., Rake, H.: `Binary multifrequency signals—synthesis and application', M8.2, 5th IFAC Symposium on Identification and System Parameter Estimation, September 1979, Darmstadt , p. 589–596, preprints.
-
25)
-
J.O. Flower ,
S.C. Force ,
G. Knott
.
On-line computer determination of the unsteady lift characteristics of hydrofoils by a multi-frequency technique.
International Shipbuilding Progress
,
313 -
316
-
26)
-
M.R. Schroeder
.
Synthesis of low peak factor signals and binary sequences of low autocorrelation.
IEEE Trans.
,
85 -
89
-
27)
-
Franck, G., Rake, H.: `Identification of a large water-heated crossflow heat exchanger with binary multifrequency signals', 7th IFAC Symposium on Identification and System Parameter Estimation, July 1985, York, p. 1859–1864, preprints.
-
28)
-
D. Sankowski
.
Frequency domain multivariable model of an electric diffusion furnace.
Elektrowarme International
,
B131 -
B135
-
29)
-
R.M. Mercer ,
S.C. Mailey
.
Computer aided identification of an air heating system.
Measurement and Control
,
293 -
300
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/cce_19910049
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/cce_19910049
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6